Changes in the Unified State Exam occur every year, but most of them are not of fundamental importance. The order of tasks is changing, some of them are becoming more complicated, some are being simplified... But the new criteria for assessing assignment No. 27 in the Russian language (essay based on the text) also put forward fundamentally new requirements for the preparation of graduates. And the essay, by the way, is 24 out of 58 primary points, or 41 out of 100 test points!
How have the essay requirements changed? Can you write it yourself taking into account the new criteria? Let's figure it out!
Arguments are no longer required
Any mother whose child has graduated from school in the last few years knows how important the “literary argument” is in an essay. If you have not yet been interested in this topic, let us briefly recap the essence of the problem: essay is the most difficult and “expensive” Unified State Exam task for 11th-graders in the Russian language. It is written based on a small passage of text, which is given right there in the text of the assignment.
” The essay was evaluated according to a number of criteria, among which one of the main ones was the ability to confirm or refute the author’s point of view on a problem, using the so-called “literary argument” - an example from fiction, journalistic or even popular science literature.
Although the texts that will be used in the Unified State Exam remained a secret until the very last moment, the main topics are known in advance and have not changed for several years. Therefore, tutors and preparation courses for the Unified State Exam (and schools, for that matter) suggested that schoolchildren memorize examples from the “bank of arguments”: love - “Eugene Onegin”, man and nature - “Farewell to Matera”, the role of art in life - “Letters” about the good and the beautiful” by Dmitry Likhachev... As a result, the graduates’ essays, written in the most honest manner, sometimes resembled each other like two peas in a pod. Without delving into the subtleties of the problematics of the text under discussion, they pulled memorized “arguments from the bank” onto it, like an owl onto a globe. It didn't turn out very well, to put it mildly.
We decided to get acquainted with the “argument banks” popular on the Internet and, frankly speaking, we were horrified by their straightforward primitiveness.
Problem: searching for the meaning of life in the modern world. In the story by I.A. Bunin “Mr. from San Francisco,” an American millionaire served the “golden calf.” The main character believed that the meaning of life was to accumulate wealth. When the Master died, it turned out that true happiness passed him by.
Problem: the inner beauty of a person. Antoine de Saint-Exupery "The Little Prince". The wise thoughts of the Little Prince can teach even an adult a lot. Our hero said: “Only the heart is vigilant. You can’t see the most important things with your eyes.” And we can say without a doubt that he is right. True beauty is inside a person, in his soul, in his right actions.
Problem: respect for nature. The hero of the poem by N.A. Nekrasov’s “Grandfather Mazai and the Hares” rescues drowning hares during the spring flood, collects them in a boat, and cures two sick ones. The forest is a home for him, and Grandfather Mazai cares and protects those who live in it. This attitude is a lesson in love for nature, careful and reasonable love.
In 2019, the position regarding writing is fundamentally changing. The emphasis shifts to understanding the text under discussion. In 2018, it was necessary to find a problem in the presented text; comment on it, giving at least two examples from the text. Now we need to explain why these particular fragments were chosen and show the relationship between them.
” If earlier this action was awarded three primary points, now it is as many as five.
In 2018, your attitude to the problem had to be supported by at least two arguments, and one of them had to be taken from fiction, journalistic or scientific literature. Now it doesn’t matter how exactly the graduate will confirm his point of view, the main thing is persuasiveness.
” Previously, you could get three points for arguing your opinion, but now - only 1.
This does not mean that a graduate cannot appeal to the authority of literary classics, it’s just that now this is not necessary.
Without arguments - good or bad?
Strictly speaking, Russian language and literature are different subjects. Literary argumentation, of course, demonstrated such an important advantage of a student as erudition. But the Russian exam should reveal completely different qualities: the ability to understand the text, isolate its essence, formulate a problem and maintain a dialogue.
” If we think sensibly, these are the skills that are required for any citizen, no matter what professional path he chooses (after all, the results of the exam in Russian, unlike mathematics, are taken into account when entering any university, for any specialty). Whether a future dentist or heating engineer has read Likhachev or not, this, by and large, is not a matter of principle.
If the Russian exam, like the math exam, had two levels - basic and specialized, many “techies” would probably prefer to take the basic exam. But, since such an option was not offered, and every point for Russian upon admission was counted, “argument banks” and essay catalogs were born.
And now the situation has turned not 180 degrees, but, let’s say, 90. The basis of the essay is not erudition, but the accuracy of understanding the text and the persuasiveness of reasoning. Will this make the exam easier? Not at all! It is enough to study the methodological recommendations of the Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements (FIPI), prepared on the basis of an analysis of typical mistakes of USE participants in 2018, to understand: it was the commentary on the main problem of the text that became a stumbling block for many graduates:
Statistics on the performance of work as a whole and individual tasks make it possible to identify the main problems in the preparation of examinees in the Russian language. As in previous years, sections of the course related to the formation of communicative competence remain insufficiently mastered. Insufficiently developed skills of analytical work with words and text, the lack of necessary practice in analyzing linguistic phenomena also affect the quality of writing an argumentative essay. Completing the task with a detailed answer (26) demonstrated the most common errors associated with information processing of the text and the presentation of one’s own thoughts about what was read.
According to criterion K2 (commenting on the identified problem in the source text), only 47.5% of graduates received 3 points; 2 points 32%; 1 point 13.8%. The level of development of the ability of graduates to conduct text analysis is still not high enough.
On the one hand, in their essays, graduates substantiate the relevance of the problem, reveal its significance for the author of the text, and focus on textual details that illustrate the problem. On the other hand, examinees often delve into their own thoughts without relying on the original text or simply use a paraphrase of it. Many graduates do not consider it necessary to include in their essays the two mandatory examples-illustrations that are important for understanding the problem of the source text.
What should we do... write an essay!
Many of our readers are probably a little confused right now. Is it difficult to see the problem in the text? It seems like it’s not difficult at all, right? How about finding two supporting examples? What about the relationship between them? Well, try your hand at the demo version of the Unified State Exam in Russian - 2019. The text for discussion there will be an excerpt from the story “The Scarecrow” by the writer Nikolai Leskov. We place the text under a spoiler.
Text from the demo version of the Unified State Exam 2019
My father and the police chief were amazed that we had to spend the night in the house of Selivan, whom everyone in the area considered a sorcerer and a robber and who, we thought, wanted to kill us and take advantage of our things and money...
By the way, about money. At the mention of them, the aunt immediately exclaimed:
Oh my god! Where's my box?
In fact, where is this box and the thousands in it? She, imagine that she was not there! Yes, yes, it was the only one that was not in the rooms between the things brought in, nor in the cart - in a word, nowhere... The box, obviously, remained there, in the inn, and is now in Selivan’s hands...
I’m jumping now, jumping there... He’s probably already disappeared somewhere, but he won’t leave me! - said the police officer. - Our happiness is that everyone knows that he is a thief, and everyone doesn’t like him: no one will hide him...
But as soon as the police officer girded himself with his saber, suddenly an extraordinary movement was heard in the hallway between the people who were there, and Selivan entered through the threshold into the hall where we were all, breathing heavily, with his aunt’s box in his hands.
Everyone jumped up from their seats and stopped rooted to the spot.
“Forgot it, take it,” Selivan said dully.
He could not say anything more, because he was completely out of breath from the exorbitant rapid walking and, probably, from strong inner excitement.
He put the box on the table, and, without being asked by anyone, he sat down on a chair and lowered his head and hands.
The box was completely intact. Auntie took the key from her neck, unlocked it and exclaimed:
Everything, everything is as it was!
Safe... - Selivan said quietly. - I kept running after you... I wanted to catch up... I'm sorry that I'm sitting in front of you... I choked.
His father was the first to approach him, hug him and kiss his head.
Selivan did not move.
The aunt took out two hundred-dollar bills from the box and began to give them to him.
Selivan continued to sit and watch, as if he did not understand anything.
Take what they give you,” said the police officer.
For what? No need!
For honestly saving and bringing back the money you had forgotten.
How about that? Is it necessary to be dishonest?
Well, you... are a good person... you didn’t think of hiding someone else’s things.
And he got up from his seat to go back to his disgraced yard, but his father did not let him in: he took him into his office and locked him in there with a key, and then an hour later he ordered the sleigh to be harnessed and taken home.
A day later, this incident was known in the city and in the area, and two days later the father and aunt went to Kromy and, stopping at Selivan, drank tea in his hut and left his wife a warm fur coat. On the way back, they stopped by again and brought him more gifts: tea, sugar and flour.
He took everything politely but reluctantly and said:
For what? Now, for three days now, all the people started coming to me... The income started... They cooked cabbage soup... They are not afraid of us, as they were afraid of us before.
When I was taken to the boarding house after the holidays, I again had a package with me to Selivan, and I drank tea with him and kept looking at his face and thinking: “What a beautiful, kind face he has! Why did he seem like a scarecrow to me and others for so long?”
This thought haunted me and did not leave me alone... After all, this is the same person who seemed so terrible to everyone, whom everyone considered a sorcerer and a villain. Why did he suddenly become so good and pleasant?
In the subsequent years of my life, I became close to Selivan and had the happiness of seeing how he became a loved and revered person among everyone.
If you couldn’t formulate the problem, here are some hints, or rather, the correct answers from FIPI. So, the text poses the following problems (under the spoiler).
Problems with the text from the demo Unified State Exam 2019
- The problem of human rejection by society.
- The problem of creating a reputation, forming an opinion about a person.
- The problem of manifesting a person's inner beauty.
- The problem of trusting a person.
- The problem of showing honesty.
- The problem of gratitude.
Well, have you identified the problem? Now you need to find two illustrative examples from the text, explain the importance of each example and indicate the relationship between them. Now that you have demonstrated an understanding of the problem, you need to formulate the position of the author (narrator) in relation to it. And now you can express your position in relation to the author’s position (so intricate). So, you've done it all. How many initial points will you receive?
- Definition and formulation of the problem (one of those that FIPI specialists saw in the text) - 1 point.
A little, but nowhere without it. If you make a mistake here, then everything that follows will also be wrong.
They gave two examples from the text to illustrate the problem and showed the relationship between them - the most expensive part of the answer, 5 points.
That's all, you can get another 16 points for your essay for style, punctuation and spelling.
Good luck in passing the Unified State Exam to all graduates and... their mothers!
Prepared by Irina Ilyina
The state exam in the Russian language is included in the list of mandatory tests that any Russian schoolchild receiving a certificate in 2019 will have to go through.
Of course, it also belongs to the list of exams common to absolutely all domestic universities, therefore, it is also rated in terms of obtaining higher education as such. That is why, not to mention the fact that every citizen of the country must know the state language at the proper level, preparation for it must be approached extremely responsibly, and, undoubtedly, it will not be superfluous to be well versed in all the nuances associated with it.
The general outline of this exam has remained unchanged for several years, but it seems that the 2019 Unified State Exam in Russian is ready to bring a lot of surprises to potential graduates. Pleasant or not so pleasant - read on in our material!
Everything new is well forgotten old
So, firstly, today’s schoolchildren can not be deluded - a final essay or presentation on literature was considered admission to the Unified State Exam in the Russian language earlier, and will continue to remain in the same status in 2019. Consequently, in December 2018, graduates of 2019 and in December 2019, those who leave school in 2020 will have to write this work.
On the one hand, of course, this is a useful thing - even the Ministry of Education and Science, after collecting many years of statistics, calculated that the results on the language exam became much better after the essay was returned.
On the other hand, students, as expected, grumble that they already have to take a completely impossible list of subjects at the end of the year, to which, let us remind you, compulsory history has recently been added, and soon it is expected to be supplemented with a foreign language. But, since the departments’ position on this issue remains firm and unchanged, it is better to simply resign yourself and consider the essay/presentation simply as another stage in preparation for a full-fledged Unified State Exam. Moreover, there really is a grain of truth in this.
But promises to “please” children with an additional addition in the form of an additional oral test are complete news. And, sad as it may be, in all likelihood, this will definitely happen to us in 2019.
Initially, this format was supposed to be tested at the Unified State Exam for ninth graders, and if it was successful, it should have been introduced for eleventh graders. And even though data for this year is still being collected, we all understand that if we are testing something, then in 99 cases out of 100 it will all come, and very soon - if not in 2019, then in 2020. m for sure. Moreover, the relevant responsible persons have already reported that technically all preparations for this have been completed, all that remains is to work out organizational decisions, for which, of course, there is still plenty of time.
Oral GIA for ninth-graders was carried out as a test in schools in Chechnya, Tatarstan and the Moscow Region, and passing this part became a “pass” to passing the written test.
The former Minister of Education, as we know, advocated for eliminating test blocks in principle; what the policy of the new head of the department will be in this regard is not yet clear, but most likely the tone will be taken less radical - both options will be considered, not It is possible that, as is now happening with a foreign language, perhaps the parts will be swapped (first they will give oral - then written) and the emphasis will be on the first.
What is meant? So far, two technical models are being considered: the teacher and the computer. Which of them will find its practical application, unfortunately, is not yet clear.
In general, a return to oral exams goes against the original essence of the new State Examinations as such. After all, the first desire was, on the contrary, to remove teachers as much as possible from the passing process, preventing nepotism, corruption and other personal factors, putting all students in the same conditions. It would seem that a good solution would be to use a computer, but even here, not everything is so smooth, given the level of technology and other specifics.
As we know, while in the domestic field, not always working programs are able to recognize with one hundred percent accuracy a person’s voice in all its nuances, and it is even more unclear what to do for children with speech therapy deficiencies, as well as for disabled children with speech disorders, etc. .
In a word, unfortunately, there are still more questions with the oral part of the Russian language than there are sensible and unambiguous answers to them. And we can only believe that they will receive an adequate response even before the 2019 graduates begin taking state exams.
Exam structure, regulations and procedure for passing
So, there is no official confirmation yet that the oral part has been finally approved, therefore, it is not clear how much time will be allocated for it. It is possible that, by analogy with a foreign language, they will provide only fifteen minutes of time and a maximum of 4 tasks for giving answers. Which, of course, corresponds to the difficulty of mass involvement of teachers or computer equipment to serve such a gigantic number of everyone.
The written part, which most likely will still be left, will still take 210 minutes to write, as before, because the Ministry of Education and Science does not see any arguments for shortening the exam, even taking into account the introduction of the oral part - they believe that the language there can never be too much. Moreover, it is not a fact that all this will be taken on the same day - perhaps, as with mathematics, the tests will be spread out on different dates.
For the written test part, the minimum pass rate in the Russian language for admission to universities will be at the level of 36 points, and the maximum you can score is 58. Plus the second block - the essay - only 42 points are available for it. The certificate is given for 24+.
Questions two to six, eight to fourteen and sixteen to twenty-four are worth 1 point, questions 1 and 15 can get a maximum of 2 points, and questions seven – up to 5. To learn how to construct answers correctly, you should carefully study the assessment criteria on the FIPI website.
As always, they seat you one at a time at a desk, with only documents and a pen, and, if necessary, medicine and food. The forms will be printed on the spot – this, by the way, is new. In 2018, the date for the Russian language was June 9. What will happen in 2019, of course, is still unknown, but most likely they will choose something between May 26 and June 19.
What tasks will there be?
Before 2018, there were 25 tasks, but now there will be 26. Bonus was No. 20 for testing knowledge of lexical norms, but more on that later. And there is no reason to believe that the same rules will not apply in 2019.
In addition, in many questions the wording has become slightly different: in some places new terms have appeared, new rules have been mentioned in accordance with the latest trends in the educational program. Therefore, no matter how you look at it, you will have to learn more, but not much. The main thing in preparation is to rely on methodological materials from 2018, and not from previous years, in order to be aware of current changes.
There are only two blocks in the written part. The first contains test questions, the answer to which can be a number (when you need to choose from the proposed options), or you need to enter a word/phrase in the appropriate fields of the form. And it, in turn, is divided into two parts: A and B - basic and slightly more complex, respectively.
As for the essay, it must be 200 words in length (this is now task 26), the topic for it and specific requirements are prescribed in the question itself attached to it.
Regarding the topic of the questions, it is known for sure that the 20th will be devoted to lexical norms - there is one sentence that needs to be adjusted according to this criterion (remove the extra word and write it down on the answer form). The 7th question is devoted to testing knowledge of parts of speech, their cases and declensions, the eighth, as a rule, contains something on syntactic norms, and tasks 9 to 14 contain questions on spelling. The next five tasks are devoted to punctuation rules. Therefore, to avoid wasting time, start with those groups for which you are best prepared first.
Ideally, you should spend at least six months preparing for the Unified State Exam in the Russian language, but here everything depends, of course, on the level of preparation and other factors. True, here you need to understand that this time, given the need to prepare for other exams, is not enough to fully study all the topics.
However, over these few months you can at least work out several options and then it will become clear which topics need maximum attention. Consistently advised to study:
- "Phonetics"
- "Vocabulary and phraseology"
- "Morphemics and word formation"
- "Morphology"
- "Syntax",
- "Spelling"
- "Punctuation"
- "Speech",
- "Language norms".
It’s also good to work on expressiveness and stylistic processing, at least in an introductory way.
As for the tests, we write notes, cram the rules, do countless exercises with them and practice for a while to answer ready-made versions of the Unified State Exam for previous years. Everything is relatively simple here. But, it is important to pay special attention to the “traps” of tasks, which, believe me, they abound in abundance. By the way, there are a number of textbooks (for example, “Unified State Exam without Errors” by Alekseeva and Volkova) in which all this is presented in detail.
The most difficult, as the practice of 2018 showed, was precisely that brand new 20th task - a complete trick in its purest form. To answer it correctly, you must have either the deepest knowledge of vocabulary (believe me, teachers often pour in) or super-intuition.
However, if you stop fiddling around, in fact, it is possible to prepare for this task, but here you will need either the consultation of an experienced teacher, or some good manual with common speech errors, from where, as a rule, the compilers take tasks for this type questions (something like “Speech Errors and Their Prevention” by S.N. Tseitlin or the work of I.A. Tursunova with a similar title).
Also keep in mind that the order in which the numbers are written in the answer matters - the answer may not be counted at all for rearrangement.
Next, the most important thing: learn to work quickly and effectively on essays - these are fairly easy to get points that it would be a shame not to take advantage of. In addition to the banal correspondence to size, compositional rules should be strictly adhered to, that is, the structure “introduction-main part-conclusion and conclusions” is an immutable law.
At the same time, those who like to pour water and “be smart” with extensive introductions and conclusions should wean themselves from this habit: if you later choose a career in the corresponding profession, such skills will undoubtedly be a plus for you, but in the case of the Unified State Exam essay in Russian, teachers believe that that the introductory and concluding parts should total no more than a quarter of the entire text, and the main emphasis should be on the analysis of the proposed text.
In fact, this is not as difficult as it seems at first glance, which is easy to see by reading the relevant Unified State Exam textbooks and successful examples of completed tasks posted online. In the introduction, in fact, you need to formulate the main postulates of the basic text (attention: not a brief retelling of it, but a translation of the plot) and state in a nutshell your attitude to this opinion.
In the main part, it is better to start with an argument why this problem is relevant, from your point of view. Here you can explain, based on the text, why this particular thought of the author seemed key to you here, and give his position based on quotes. Then, in the main part, you need to smoothly move on to your own thoughts on this matter - you can either agree or dispute, it’s up to you.
You should also give your statements with reasoning - based on scientific facts, life experience (both your own and others), provide statistics or literary material. There should be two or more such explanations, but one of them must certainly be literary (pay attention while studying the literature course to the parallels of all varieties between works).
With the conclusion, everything is completely simple - in fact, it is your weighty “yes!” or, conversely, “no!” on the topic (cunning people simply repeat the theses of the introduction, sifting them through the sieve of the arguments of the main part, just in other words).
To successfully write an essay, you must, firstly, read well in the process of preparing ready-made arguments and try to remember them (such teaching materials will not be difficult to find), memorize common speech cliches and universal quotes on various topics.
The average score in the Russian language, compared to other subjects, is much higher - in recent years across the country it has consistently fluctuated around 68-69. It is obvious that it is quite possible to pass this exam with due diligence in preparation; the main thing is to keep your finger on the pulse of all changes and not to overestimate your strength. Well, our readers can only wish them good luck in passing this most important exam, as they say, no worries!
Video
The article was written specifically for the website “2019 Year of the Pig”: https://site/
Talks about changes in the Unified State Exam 2019!
Demo versions, specifiers and codifiers for 2019 have appeared on the FIPI website. A lot of new. Those who are already set to take the Unified State Exam and the Unified State Exam in the old format will be unpleasantly surprised by another change in the rules during the game. What does this mean for everyone? The main thing is to “stop worrying and start living,” as D. Carnegie said. There is no need to run headlong to the store to buy new manuals, but the strategy and tactics of preparing for exams in many subjects will have to be reconsidered.
The main change concerns the Unified State Examination in the RUSSIAN LANGUAGE. We added one more task - now there will be 27 of them.
Fundamentally new task No. 21: Find sentences in which the punctuation mark is placed in accordance with the same punctuation rule. For example, in the 2019 demo version the punctuation mark is a dash. Given is a text where the dash occurs four times: between the subject and the predicate, before the appendix at the end of the sentence and in a non-conjunctive sentence. The answer is not on the surface, but its price is 1 point.
Other changes are minor, but here's the essay! I will quote the 2019 SPECIFICATION: " The wording of task 27 with a detailed answer has been clarified. The assessment criteria for assignment 27 have been clarified"In fact, the principles of performing this task have been radically changed. IT IS NOW IMPOSSIBLE TO COPY 24 points from previous years' essays!
The greatest attention in the essay should be paid commenting on problems in the text. 5 points at stake (3 in 2018). Moreover, it is necessary not only to show what is commented on and where, but also to provide explanations.
But the notorious argument, about which many copies were broken, has been removed from the evaluation criteria. That is, examples from literature, life experience and cinema are now completely optional. However, they can be useful to justify your position (to get 1 point).
The main emphasis is on literacy: knowledge of spelling and punctuation, compliance with language and speech norms. Ethical and factual errors are still not respected.
The maximum number of points that an examinee can receive for task No. 27 is 24. For the entire examination work - 58 primary points. The cost of a score is not as high as in many other subjects, but a high final score in Russian is still desirable.
Do not panic! Nothing bad happened. Your knowledge of the language does not depend on changes in their verification criteria. Try to make good use of the time remaining before the exams, do not rely on luck and the opportunity to cheat. Luck is a fickle lady, and cheating is a serious struggle.
website, when copying material in full or in part, a link to the source is required.
Assignments are changed periodically, the criteria for checking work, the rules for organizing the Unified State Examination, etc. are clarified. One of the mandatory Unified State Examinations for every graduate is the Unified State Examination in the Russian language. One of the tasks in this exam is an essay, the testing criteria for which will change somewhat next year. What are the new requirements for essays during the Unified State Exam in the Russian language in 2019, what is clear about the new requirements for the demo version of the exam in the subject.
HOW WILL AN ESSAY BE TESTED IN THE USE IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE ACCORDING TO THE NEW REQUIREMENTS
The main goal of the changes that have been introduced is that an essay in the Unified State Exam in the Russian language should be the result of the graduate’s own work and own reasoning, and not a text written according to templates.
In recent years, eleventh graders have been actively earning extra points for essays using so-called argument banks. Such banks contained arguments from the literature that could be prepared in advance and used during the composition of those that were more or less relevant.
Graduates copied ready-made arguments, received guaranteed points, and the essays were stereotyped, uninteresting works.
Of course, arguments based on reading and life experience are still important today. You need to justify your attitude to the position of the author of the text, including examples from the literature. But you won’t be able to earn many points.
Now, instead of 3 points, you can only get 1 point for arguments. But the author’s comment “has gone up in price.” Now, instead of the maximum 3 points for commenting, you can earn up to 5 points in the Unified State Exam in Russian.
In order to earn these five points, your essay must:
- give your own comment on the formulated problem,
- illustrate the idea with two examples from the proposed text,
- reveal the meaning of these illustrative examples,
- explain what semantic connection exists between these examples.
In order to do this work and earn high scores for the essay for the Unified State Exam in the Russian language, graduates in 2019 will need to work hard. Practice shows that in previous years commenting was reduced to retelling the text, which is fundamentally wrong. This cannot be learned through cramming and coaching; schoolchildren need to be able to think and analyze. So only those who learn how to do it will get high scores for essays.
NEW ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Each essay assignment is assessed individually. There are a total of 12 points, which are divided into 3 blocks. The first one
is devoted to the presentation of the topic, the second is devoted to speech design (how coherent and logical the essay is composed), the third is an assessment of literacy.
Changes in 2019 affected the evaluation criteria of the first block.
Although the obligatory argumentation of one’s thoughts was removed from the assignment, still, by being able to supplement the work with examples from other works, the graduate can increase his grade on K4.
At the same time, schoolchildren will be little happy about increasing the scores in the criteria for the essay in paragraph K2, because searching for arguments is no more difficult than submitting your own comments. According to statistics, less than half of the examinees give comments. Theoretically, the points that can be obtained for points K2 and K4 have increased (6 in total), but in fact there is no likelihood that the maximum will be given for K2.
But the changes in 2019 also have their advantages. Now final essays will be truly creative, and not template works with pre-prepared arguments from literature.
HOW TO WRITE A GOOD ESSAY
If everything is quite simple with block 3 and the points received for it will depend on how well the graduate knows the rules of the Russian language, then you need to prepare for blocks 1 and 2.
The simplest thing is to write an essay based on a text that contains a rhetorical question; this will be the problem posed by the author. The second tip is reasoning. Often the problem is defined in the first or last sentences.
Chinese schoolchildren take national examinations ("gaokao") two days in a row: on the first day they take compulsory subjects (Chinese, mathematics and a foreign language), and on the second day they take elective subjects (either three subjects in social sciences or three subjects in natural sciences). ). China's Unified Examination system is often linked to rising rates of clinical depression and suicide among young people.
In South Korea, planes do not land on the days of national exams so that their noise does not distract students. In Brazil, the standardized exam is paid and optional. In Germany, to enter universities, applicants take several dozen preparatory courses and pass four exams.
What do we have? But we have the Unified State Examination, and, you see, this is not the worst option compared to some exams for foreign schoolchildren. To successfully pass the Unified State Exam, it is enough to know the requirements and follow the changes of the current academic year. Methodologists from the Unified State Exam preparation center “Five with a Plus” tell you what you need to know about the Unified State Exam 2018.
What remains the same
The year 2018 is passing quietly, under the sign of stability: the head of Rosobrnadzor, Sergei Kravtsov, said that the Unified State Examination procedure is already established, that everything is decided by knowledge, and no significant changes are expected.
The official exam schedule has been approved and, as before, will be held in three waves:
The full schedule for subjects can be viewed. Applications for participation in the Unified State Exam are submitted until February 1; For those who did not have time to submit an application, it is difficult to get the opportunity to take the Unified State Exam, but it is possible. But schoolchildren have nothing to worry about - the school took care of their timely registration.
As before, two subjects remain mandatory for school graduates - Russian language and mathematics (basic for a certificate, specialized for admission to a university). Demo versions of the Unified State Exam 2018 are available. Remember that the tasks from the demo versions will definitely not be on the exam forms, but they will be similar. And to draw up a preparation plan for exams, use codifiers from FIPI - they contain a complete list of topics necessary for study.
You can take into the room where the exam takes place:
medications and nutrition (if necessary);
teaching aids (in mathematics - a ruler; in physics - a ruler and a non-programmable calculator; in chemistry - a non-programmable calculator; in geography - a ruler, a protractor, a non-programmable calculator);
Unified State Exam participants with disabilities, disabled children and people with disabilities can take special technical equipment with them.
You can check the 2018 Unified State Exam results using the official online service or on State Services.
Of the compulsory subjects, changes affected the Russian language, but mathematics did not present any surprises. Among the elective subjects, biology and history remained unchanged. In a foreign language, the changes are also minor and concern only the wording and evaluation criteria.
General changes
Examination materials for the Unified State Exam 2018 will be printed directly in the classroom, and not sent to schools before the exams. Examination forms and test materials will be black and white and one-sided. Exam participants only need to fill out forms on one side - the reverse side will not be checked.
Russian language: plus speech literacy
One task has been added on knowledge of lexical norms and the ability to recognize speech errors. Now there are 26 tasks. The wording has also been clarified in some places: for example, in an essay you now need to specifically formulate the author’s position. The maximum initial score for completing all work has been increased from 57 to 58.
Literature: plus one more topic
A fourth topic for a mini-essay (on the latest literature) has been introduced in task No. 17. For tasks with a detailed answer No. 9 and 16 you can now get 10 points, and for questions No. 8 and 15 - 5 points. All of these tasks now take into account speech errors. The maximum score for the entire work has been increased from 42 to 57 points.
Social studies: plus logic
In social studies, the assessment system for task 28 (answer plan) has changed. It is recommended to pay more attention to tasks on the logical relationship of concepts, since in task No. 29 (essay) one point was added for logic, the relationship of concepts. CMM as such has not changed, the evaluation criteria have changed. The maximum initial score for completing all work has been increased from 62 to 64.
Physics: plus astrophysics
In the first part there are more tasks - 24 instead of 23. An additional task in the first part tests the mastery of the basic concepts of the elements of astrophysics. Correct completion of this task with writing the answer in the form of a sequence of numbers is estimated at 2 primary points. Otherwise, the thematic affiliation of the tasks of the first and second parts and the system for grading tasks remains the same. The maximum primary score for completing the entire work has been increased from 50 to 52 points.
Chemistry: plus assignment
The total number of Unified State Exam tasks in chemistry has increased to 35 due to the addition of a sixth task in the second part. Tasks with a general context have been introduced: No. 30 and No. 31. Here, the assimilation of material on the topic “Redox reactions” and “Ion exchange reactions” is tested. But the maximum primary score remained the same due to changes in the grading scale - 60 points.
Computer Science: C++
In tasks 8, 11, 19, 20, 21, 24, 25, the code examples are now written not in C, but in C++.
