Lesson-workshop on literature on the topic: K.G. Paustovsky "Warm bread". Moral problems in a fairy tale.
- organize students’ reading activities based on their personal observations and life experiences to understand the meaning of the fairy tale;
- teach to see and understand the process of formation of the image, the meaning of the hero’s actions;
- show what moral problems are raised in the fairy tale.
- Develop the ability to work with text and reference literature; improve the ability to conduct monologue and dialogic speech; ability to work in pairs;
- Formulate conclusions from what you heard.
- Foster a caring attitude towards the environment; desire to care for animals; come to the aid of comrades.
Equipment: notes on the board, cards, epigraph, crossword,
Giving warmth to others means keeping yourself warm.
1. Organizational moment.
Hello guys! Sit down!
2. Statement of the topic and purpose of the lesson.
Guys, today we will work on the content of the fairy tale; Let's name the character traits of Filka that he acquired during the fairy tale; Let’s think about what it means to “Give warmth to others - to warm yourself.” We will work in pairs on; Remember that when working in pairs, you are responsible not only for yourself, but also for each other. You need to listen to everyone, come to a common opinion, consult, and someone alone will answer the question posed.
(Children sit in pairs)
3. Work on the content of the fairy tale.
1. Complete the sentence:
I think it might be warm... What?
(A person’s look, a handshake, a relationship with friends, a house, a person’s generosity, clothes and ...)
I agree with you, relationships between people and animals can be warm. Warmth can and should be given to others. This, guys, is heartfelt warmth that can warm many. Name the heroes of Paustovsky’s fairy tale “Warm Bread”.
Name the heroes of the fairy tale.
Wounded horse
Melnik Pankrat
Frost, blizzard
Residents of the village of Berezhki
2. Now we will try to reveal the meaning of the fairy tale, to penetrate into the motives of the characters’ actions, into their spiritual world. (work in pairs). Children work on one of the topics
Blizzard and frost.
Magic in a fairy tale.
Wise grandfather Pankrat.
Wounded horse.
Filka's behavior and state of mind.
(Hearing answers to questions, discussing them, evaluating them).
3. Answer the questions (each group is asked 2 questions):
What can be said about Filka’s character, judging by his actions, at the beginning of the fairy tale?
Why was he nicknamed “Well You”?
Why did Filka act so cruelly with his horse?
How many times did Filka say the phrase “Screw you”? Has it always had one sound, one intonation?
Why did the man die in the story told by the grandmother? (From cooling the heart).
Why? What was he like? (Angry, loud, sleepy).
What caused such severe frost in Berezhki? (There was a “bad” person in the village, an offender, and he did an evil deed. That’s why it’s cold).
What was the most important thought for the writer at the time of creating the fairy tale? (Show that good conquers evil)
The role of Filka's image? What vital force did he receive from the villagers? What has he become?
How did the fairy tale end? What character trait did Filka acquire? (kindness).
What should the “bad” person have corrected, according to the grandmother?
CONCLUSION:(slide 6) Good conquers evil, people must be able to correct their mistakes, understand the reason for evil actions and find the strength in themselves for good deeds in order to prevent their hearts from “freezing” from cruelty and evil.
So what did Filka learn in Paustovsky’s fairy tale?
Filka learned to take responsibility for his actions; went through fear, remorse; For his determination to admit his mistake, he received the selfless help of children and adults; I gained the experience of cleansing the soul, when a good deed done makes your soul light and your heart warm.
Creative work. Creating a ladder of repentance.
Yes, Filka committed a sin, but he is ready to take the blame for the misfortune that happened. Pankrat must forgive him, as mothers and grandmothers usually do, but this does not happen in the fairy tale. Reading the passage “Yes, Pankrat sighed” until the words “an hour and a quarter.”
Let's imagine what kind of work the human soul has done on the path to repentance, the atonement of sin; This path is like a ladder, and each step clears the conscience and frees you from the oppression of guilt. Let's name these steps and build a ladder.
Gratitude for the lesson
Atonement for sin
Sincere confession
Overcoming the fear of punishment
Awareness of fear
1st stage. Awareness, shame for an unjust deed, word, intention. You must deeply feel your guilt and understand that you have violated some commandment of God, which means you have done evil.
2nd stage, which is very difficult to climb, since it will require a lot of willpower - this is overcoming the fear of punishment and shame in front of people who find out about your offense.
3rd stage. Purely heartfelt repentance and repentance before those you offended and before God. This is not easy: after all, you need to humble your pride and self-pity. It may seem like you are humiliating yourself. In fact, you only rise in the eyes of people and, above all, in the eyes of your conscience. By sincere repentance you are cleansed and you become light and cheerful.
4th stage. But not everyone and not always manages to rise to the fourth stage of repentance. Atonement, correction of sin. Bad things happen quickly and it takes a lot of work to correct them.
5th stage. But the “Ladder of Repentance” has one more highest step - Thanks for the lesson.
Who should thank whom and how? - Answer this question at home and you will begin to thank your loved ones for the lessons, albeit strict, but helping you improve and become better.
4. Solving the crossword puzzle (drawn on the poster):
Questions
- What was the name of the main character in the fairy tale “Warm Bread”? (Filka).
- Why did the grandmother often reprimand Filka? (Unkindness).
- What was Filka’s cry when he threw the bread far into the loose snow? (Malevolent)
- What character trait was dominant in the boy at the beginning of the fairy tale? (Cruelty)
- When the grandmother told Filka a story that happened 100 years ago, what did the boy feel? (Fear)
- What did Filka want to hear from the miller Pankrat when he came to him on a frosty night? (Advice)
- What did the boy receive from the villagers for his determination to admit his mistake? (Help)
- How do you feel in your heart after doing a good deed? (Warm)
- What did Filka bring to the horse along with the warm bread? (Friendship)
- What settled in Filka’s heart at the end of the fairy tale? (Kindness)
CONCLUSION: At the beginning, Filka was a cruel, angry boy; but then through fear, help and friendship he acquired warmth and kindness.
5. Drawing up a semantic development of a word: KINDNESS.
(working with dictionaries, Figure 1)
And now we will use different dictionaries to trace what the word “kindness” means.
CONCLUSION: So, KINDNESS is responsiveness, the desire to do good to others. It was borrowed by the Old Russian language from Old Church Slavonic; Old Church Slavonic came from the Proto-Indo-European base: / dob - * dhabh /. Since the time the word entered the Russian vocabulary, its lexical meaning has not changed.
Homonyms - good, kind.
Synonyms - good nature, complacency, good-heartedness, responsiveness,
Good-heartedness.
Antonyms - evil, cruelty.
Good - kind - kindness - kind - goodness.
4. Summing up.
So, what is the meaning of the fairy tale?
What does she teach us?
How to explain the title of the fairy tale?
When were you especially worried?
What was especially interesting?
So what do the words “Giving warmth to others mean warming yourself” mean?
CONCLUSION: Warm bread is not only the gift that the “corrected” Filka gives to the wounded horse, but also the bread that fed the entire village. This is a certain symbol of changed relationships between people.
7. Grades for the lesson. Homework:
Compose your own crossword puzzle based on the fairy tale “Warm Bread” by K. Paustovsky.
Recently I was able to read Paustovsky’s story Warm Bread. As it turned out, this is a wonderful work by a Soviet humanist writer who preferred to write about ordinary people. His works have been translated into many languages. All his heroes are similar to boys and girls like us, so his stories, such as Paustovsky’s fairy tale Warm Bread for a Reader’s Diary, are very close and understandable to everyone.
Paustovsky Warm bread
The story takes the reader in wartime to a simple village where a soldier passed by with a wounded horse. He left the animal, and Pankrat, a local miller, took care of it. And after that, all the residents tried to feed the horse, which visited every courtyard and was a public one.
One day a horse came into the yard where the aggressive Filka lived. At that moment the boy was eating bread and thereby attracted the hungry horse to him. However, he did not share it with the horse, and instead, he threw away the bread and hit the horse. With his callousness, Filka almost caused a disaster, because a harsh winter with severe frosts fell on the village. All the water froze, but the mill stopped working. The grandmother told her grandson that this had already happened many years ago, when an old wounded soldier was offended. Apparently, even now there is an evil person in the village, because this happens from people’s anger.
Filka realized his mistake, went to the miller and made every effort to fix everything, including making peace with the horse, treating him to fresh warm bread.
Main characters
The central character of Paustovsky's fairy tale was a boy from the village who lived with his grandmother. He was an angry, callous and distrustful boy, constantly refusing to help his acquaintances and friends. There was no warmth or love in his heart for living beings, so he easily offended the horse, not realizing how cruelly he was treating the horse. Only after a conversation with her grandmother does Filka realize her mistake and quickly corrects everything. And here we see other features that were revealed by the end of Paustovsky’s fairy tale Warm Bread. We saw Filka as hardworking, smart, and possessing organizational skills. They saw a hero who managed to see and admit a mistake, who managed to earn the horse’s trust and forgiveness.
Another hero I would like to highlight is Pankrat. He was a miller and took in a wounded animal. This is a reasonable hero, with life experience behind him, wise and sympathetic. He does not deny the boy the opportunity to fix everything and gives the opportunity to show that even in such hooligans there is something human and good.
the main idea
In the work Warm Bread, the author’s main idea is the desire to show readers how important it is to be responsive, generous and kind. After all, kindness is the most valuable human quality, and all good deeds will respond to the kindness of other people. But callousness and indifference lead to trouble. At the same time, the writer says that each of us can be an evil Filka, but the main thing is to realize the mistake in time and repent, becoming more merciful, responsive and kind.
Often people act cruelly, and those around them suffer from their actions. In the story “Warm Bread,” the writer teaches a lesson when the actions of one boy, Filka, almost led to disaster. This story is similar to a fairy tale, because there are elements of mysticism. But the desire to correct your mistakes can help you correct everything. And kindness will correct even the worst deed.
The main character of this work, with the help of which Paustovsky shows us his thoughts, is the boy Filka.
Characteristics of the hero
Filka appears at the beginning of the story as unsociable and angry. If the neighborhood kids asked him for help, he refused to help them and answered rudely and harshly. His phrase, uttered at the same time, became the boy’s nickname: “Fuck you!”
The image of Filka at the beginning of the story is well shown in his behavior with the horse.
Once a horse, wounded at the front, hobbled into the village and was sheltered in his yard by the miller Pankrat. Thanks to the miller's care, the horse recovered and began to diligently help his good savior. But due to poverty, he could not feed his four-legged assistant well. Therefore, the horse walked around the village every day, begging or looking for food.
One day he wandered into Filka’s yard, hoping that the boy would give him something to eat. Filka treated the horse cruelly. First, luring the animal with bread, the boy hit the animal on the lips. And the bread that he held in his hands was trampled into the snow. The horse neighed offendedly. At this moment, even nature itself was probably offended by Filka’s prank along with the horse. A cold, strong wind blew in, bringing with it a bitter cold. Due to severe cold, the river froze and the village mill stopped working. The villagers were in danger of starvation without bread. Not only did they not have flour now, they also did not have water, because the wells were frozen. This was the price to pay for one man’s heartlessness.
The grandmother told how, once upon a time, such a cold also happened due to the cruelty and rudeness of a soldier. And then many people died. The person responsible for the incident was scared. With the help of other village boys, the boy tried with all his might to change the situation. First he came to the miller with the question of how to save people. He advised Filka to look for ways to correct his behavior himself. Then the child ran to the village and began to call everyone to cut through the ice in the pond near the mill so that the mill could be started and the grain could be ground for bread. When people cut through the ice and the mill started working, the cold also receded.
Filka realized his mistake and corrected it. He still ran home, waited until the bread was baked and brought warm bread to the horse, apologizing to him. The horse forgave the boy because he took the treat from his hands.
Character image
The boy at the beginning of the story appears cruel, angry, harsh. And then, after his grandmother talked to him and told him that such a disaster had already happened in the village because of the cruelty of one person, the boy realized his mistake. This ability of his helped the boy to change. This speaks of the boy’s ability to think and analyze his behavior and understand that only kindness helps save the world.
The scene when the boy asked the horse for forgiveness speaks of the presence in Filka’s character of willpower, the ability to overcome himself and admit his mistakes. And his work at the mill shows the boy’s hard work and organizational skills.
This story teaches people kindness and the ability to love people, animals, and nature.
Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich - What does K. G. Paustovsky’s fairy tale “Warm Bread” teach?
What does K. G. Paustovsky’s fairy tale “Warm Bread” teach?
chemu-uchit-skazka-teplyj-hlebwhat does K. G. Paustovsky’s fairy tale “warm bread” teach?
K. G. Paustovsky most of all loved to write about ordinary people, about village children. His fairy tales are very similar to ordinary life, and the heroes are very similar to the readers themselves, boys and girls.
The boy Filka, nicknamed Nu You, also did not stand out among his peers in anything special and did not look much like a hero. But what happened to him makes me think about a lot. The fairy tale teaches you to fight evil in yourself. There are bad qualities in the character of any person. But if we give free rein to anger, bad thoughts and harsh words, they can turn into disaster. This is what happened to Filka. Because of his rudeness and mistrust, an entire village almost died out from cold and hunger. But Filka corrected his mistake. It was difficult for him to confess and submit to people. It was not easy to regain the trust of people and the offended horse. But he managed to overcome the gloomy boy Well You, who had never cared about anyone before. The writer showed that there is something good in every person. And you should turn to people, to animals, to nature with your best side. Otherwise there will be trouble. “From the cooling of the heart,” “from the malice of men,” evil deeds are happening on earth. This is what his grandmother teaches Filka. And Paustovsky’s fairy tale helps us understand this and not multiply evil on earth either by word or deed.
Description of the presentation by individual slides:
1 slide
Slide description:
Author of the presentation: teacher of Russian language and literature MBOU "Lyceum No. 1" r.p. Chamzinka of the Republic of Mordovia Svetlana Petrovna Pechkazova What does K. G. Paustovsky's fairy tale "Warm Bread" teach? Didactic material for a literature lesson in the 5th grade
2 slide
Slide description:
LESSON OBJECTIVE: to help students analyze A.P. Platonov’s fairy tale “Warm Bread”, understand the theme, idea, moral lessons, features of visual and expressive means
3 slide
4 slide
5 slide
Slide description:
The author of the fairy tale “Warm Bread,” Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky, is known as a humanist writer who, with the help of subtle humor and precise words, knows how to awaken the best in a person: kindness, empathy, compassion. V.P. Astafiev It seems to me that real writers always have a particle of something fabulous in their feeling of joy from a completed work. It was as if the writer took his friend’s hand tightly and led him into life, into a country full of events and light. "Look!" “he says, and the doors of houses open in front of his friend, and he sees touching and sad, funny and heroic stories.” K. Paustovsky (“The Joy of Creativity”)
6 slide
Slide description:
Fairy tale “Warm Bread” What is the plot line of the fairy tale “Warm Bread”? When the cavalrymen passed through the village of Berezhki, an enemy shell exploded on the outskirts and wounded a black horse, and it remained in Berezhki. And then the war ended with our complete victory. The old miller Pankrat took out his wounded horse and, with his help, restored the mill. People were able to grind grain and bake bread from flour. Life in the village began to improve, but the boy Filka, nicknamed “Well, You,” offended the horse - he did not share the bread, and even threw a piece of bread on the ground. Suddenly a severe frost set in, everything was covered with ice, even the mill wheel became icy. And it would have been bad for everyone if Filka had not thought of asking the horse for forgiveness and bringing warm bread for reconciliation. The sun shone and the ice began to melt.
7 slide
Slide description:
Fairy tale “Warm Bread” Boy Filka, nicknamed “Well, you” Who is the main character of the fairy tale “Warm Bread”? What can his nickname tell about Filka? The main character of the fairy tale appears to us as “silent, distrustful,” and the nickname “Well, You” speaks of his laziness, selfishness, “unkindness,” and even rudeness. These features of Filka showed up especially clearly in the scene with the horse: “Fuck you! Devil!" - Filka shouted and hit the horse in the mouth with a backhand.”
8 slide
Slide description:
Fairy tale “Warm Bread” Boy Filka, nicknamed “Well, you” at the beginning of the fairy tale, rude, angry, proud, indifferent
Slide 9
Slide description:
Fairy tale “Warm Bread” Why did Filka hit the horse? The miller Pankrat took pity on the wounded horse and gave him shelter. But it was not easy for the elderly man to feed his horse in winter. All the residents of the village of Berezhki fed the animal: they brought him stale bread, carrots, beet tops - whoever could. Only the indifferent boy Filka did not feed the animal. Filka hit the hungry horse on the lips, which reached for the edge of the bread, and threw the slice into the snow.
10 slide
Slide description:
Fairy tale “Warm Bread” What is the retribution for a cruel act? Nature seemed to rebel because of such cruel treatment of the horse. From this moment on, fantastic events begin to happen in the fairy tale. The horse “swished its tail and immediately... a piercing wind whistled, the snow blew up...”. A snowstorm immediately began and the water at the mill froze. And now the whole village risked remaining hungry, since there was no way to grind grain into flour and bake delicious buns from it.
11 slide
Slide description:
Fairy tale “Warm Bread” What story does grandma tell? The story told to Filka by her grandmother is also similar to a fairy tale. The grandmother remembered a similar act towards a legless, hungry soldier. The culprit of that incident soon died, and the nature of the village of Berezhki did not please with either a flower or a leaf for another 10 years. After all, then there was also a snowstorm and it became sharply cold.
12 slide
Slide description:
Fairy tale “Warm Bread” Who did Filka turn to for help? Filka realized his bad deed and decided to improve. In the bitter cold, he went to the miller Pankrat for help. Pankrat advised the boy to invent an escape from the cold and gave Filka an hour and a quarter to do this.
Slide 13
Slide description:
Fairy tale “Warm Bread” What did Filka come up with? Frightened by such consequences of his action, Filimon gathered the guys to break the ice around the mill with axes and crowbars. Old people also came to help. Grown men were at the front then. People worked all day, and nature appreciated their efforts.
Slide 14
Slide description:
Fairy tale “Warm Bread” How did the boy atone for his guilt? In the village of Berezhki, a warm wind suddenly blew, and water poured onto the blades of the mill. Filka's grandmother baked bread from the ground flour, the boy took one loaf and took it to the horse. He did not immediately, but took the treat and made peace with the child, placing his head on his shoulder.
15 slide
Slide description:
Fairy tale “Warm Bread” Boy Filka, nicknamed “Well, you” at the end of the fairy tale is soft, kind, soulful, merciful
16 slide
Slide description:
Fairy tale “Warm Bread” What good advice from Paustovsky sounds in the fairy tale? Know how to make a mistake - know how to get better. (Proverb) To correct, to stop evil, you must do a good deed. When people get down to business together, they can do a lot. Man and nature are inseparable, and man should not forget about this. You cannot be indifferent to the world around you. You need to treat people kindly, and then life will become easier and more interesting. You must be able to forgive mistakes, because everyone can make mistakes...
Slide 17
Slide description:
Fairy tale “Warm Bread” Name the compositional parts of the fairy tale BEGINNING OF THE FAIRY TALE (development of the action) Ending fairy-tale and real events fairy-tale and realistic A wonderful combination of persistent efforts of people and the fabulous intervention of magic and fantasy turns an interesting story about a wounded horse and the boy Filka into a wonderful fairy tale that helps us think about your actions and become kinder and friendlier.. realistic (what, where and when)
