Hematoma, otherwise bruise- damage that occurs in each of us. Small bruises “pass by our attention,” but what to do when a bruise appears in a visible place (especially on the face). A person with a visible large hematoma will experience great discomfort. But, fortunately, you can get rid of bruises using folk remedies.
How does a hematoma appear? A blood vessel ruptures and blood accumulates under the skin. To get rid of a bruise, you need to “remove” the blood. There are subserous (superficial) hematoma and subdural - intramuscular, intracerebral, etc. We will get rid of superficial (subserous) bruises. Signs of subserous hematomas are swelling, pain, fever, change in color of the skin surface from yellow-green to lilac-red. The hematoma usually resolves on its own. Sometimes it can fester, become infected, or form a false cyst. In this case, seek medical help immediately.
How to get rid of bruises yourself. After the blow, immediately apply a cold compress to the damaged area (1-3 hours), you can use a vodka compress. Bruises can only be heated on the second day (for this you need to use heated salt).
With the help of leeches hematomas dissolve almost instantly. 2-3 leeches are placed on the bruised area. We need to give them the opportunity to drink until they fall off on their own. The method can be repeated the next day.
Answering the question posed, you can jokingly answer: “You.” But seriously, the leech that lives with you does not require any feeding. The leech must be hungry to come to your aid. Do not try to feed the leech sugar or honey, as some “experts” advise. The leech feeds only on blood and nothing more. Its mouthparts are adapted exclusively for biting through skin and sucking blood.
By adding sugar, you only harm the leech. Sugar promotes rapid acidification of the water containing the leech. And the water must be clean.
A leech is not an aquarium fish, don’t worry about the questions “what to feed a leech”, “what can you give it that’s delicious” so that it lives long. A leech can live up to six months without food. During this period, you will most likely already be using a leech.
Leech cleansing is the emptying of the gastric pouches of the sucked leech. Purification is used to reuse the leech. You can clean a leech using irritants: salts, acids, etc. The sucked leech is placed in a slightly salted water solution or in a solution with wine (table) vinegar. The irritants act on the leech's skin, and the leech regurgitates the contents of its stomach. Used for cleansing mechanical methods, simply squeezing the blood out of the leech with your hands. All of the above methods are used when placing leeches at home!
It is surprising that people who are far from hirudotherapy claim that leeches are reused in hirudotherapy offices.
Not used!!!
Why can't even an unscrupulous doctor reuse a leech?
This is not a profitable business, that's why. It's easier to buy leeches than to bother with cleaning them! The survival rate of leeches after cleansing is negligible. Therefore, do not be afraid that they will give you a used leech in your office. Used leech in hirudotherapy rooms is destroyed.
If you wish, you can take “your” leech with you and clean it at home. You can not clean it, but release the leeches into a jar of clean, settled water (2/3 water), cover with a canvas napkin, and secure the napkin with an elastic band so that the leeches do not escape.
By the way, the second option is preferable. Be prepared for the water to turn an unpleasant brown color. You need to change the water very often. At first, 2-3 times a day. The brown color of the water is leech excrement. A well-fed leech often defecates, so constant frequent changes of water are necessary. With the second method of keeping (a well-fed leech), the survival rate is about sixty. That is, out of ten leeches, about six survive. The next time the leech is ready to attach itself no earlier than after 3-6 months. This indicator is very individual. A leech, like any creature, is not a mechanism whose action is programmed. Leeches have different “appetites”. The most active, indiscriminate and efficient (what is required of a leech) is the glutton leech.
The leech stores food in several stomach pouches. Bags of food are consumed gradually, unused food is preserved under the influence of special substances and remains suitable for leech consumption for a long time. This is the kind of adaptive tool that leeches have in order to survive. Provisions are stored in the leech itself, so there is no need to feed the leeches.
Undesirable consequences after hirudotherapy Serious complications caused by hirudotherapy are rare. If contraindications are taken into account and the method is applied correctly, undesirable consequences, in principle, can be minimized. Frequently occurring undesirable consequences, such as pain during treatment or short-term itching, must be brought to the patient’s attention before starting therapy. Before each procedure, the patient must provide written consent to this treatment, and significant adverse effects must be specified. To accurately establish individual undesirable effects of hirudotherapy, there is only partial information from systematic studies. We took into account and collected the results of previous studies on the effectiveness of the method, published or known (to the authors) descriptions of cases, as well as reports on the work carried out contained in monographs. In addition, the Essen-Mine Clinic analyzed and documented the undesirable effects of hirudotherapy, identified in more than 1000 cases, mainly in the treatment of degenerative joint diseases. Local pain during treatment Local pain is assessed differently by patients. As a rule, patients complain of a nagging local pain that occurs immediately after the bite and lasts from 1 to 5 minutes. With an increase in the volume of saliva entering the tissue, the anesthetic effect of the saliva ingredients begins to take effect. Patients most often report the intensity of pain from a bite and o pain at the first stage of blood sucking by a leech as o mild or such that it can be neglected. But in some cases (which depends on the patient’s individual sensitivity to pain), the pain is perceived more strongly and is compared to a wasp sting. The pain perception scale begins in the “barely perceptible” range, then progresses to minor pain (comparable, for example, to a nettle sting), and finally, which is rare, ends in the range of pain reminiscent of a wasp sting. There is often a mild, sometimes more severe, rhythmically drawing pain over the next 1-3 minutes. Whether objectively strong irritation is perceived as pain or perhaps not perceived at all depends, of course, on the patient, his attention to therapy or his attitude towards leeches. In addition, the size of the dental plates (jaws), the force of the bite, the intensity of blood suction and the composition of the leech’s saliva play a certain role. People often feel nothing at all when - for example, under water - they are stung, because at that time their attention is drawn to something else. The more fearfully the patient observes what is happening during therapy, the more clearly he perceives pain. The therapist must take these facts into account when preparing and treating the patient. Sometimes the patient can be distracted. It can also be useful to “introduce” the patient to “your” leech, then in the process of manipulating the therapist with the leech, the patient will lose all his fear. Even if the therapist is wearing latex gloves for hygienic reasons, he should under no circumstances handle leeches with tweezers. The feeling of disgust often disappears if the patient can observe the “elegant” swimming style and the beautifully colorful pattern on the back of the leeches. It is also reported that the patient’s attitude towards leeches after successful treatment changes to a positive one, since the fears caused by leeches in the patient most likely correspond to archaic fears than to objective conditions. It is not recommended to kill the leech in front of the patient after treatment is completed. If leeches still need to be destroyed, they should be frozen and after a few days placed in 90 percent alcohol. Local itching Temporary itching at the sites of leech bites often occurs in the first days after treatment and should not be considered an allergy. In a study of the effectiveness of hirudotherapy for gonarthrosis, approximately 70% of patients treated with leeches reported the occurrence of local itching, which, on average, lasted more than 2 days. With the same frequency and to a more pronounced degree, many patients experience itching after treatment of peripheral joints, for example, with rhizarthrosis. Conversely, based on experimental data, less itching is felt when treating large joints and areas in the spine. Before treatment, it is necessary to draw the patient's attention to this undesirable consequence. After the first closure of the wound, you should especially avoid scratching it, as this often delays healing. As a primary measure after treatment, local cooling (curd compresses, wet-cold compresses, vinegar compresses) is recommended. In case of severe itching, for example, Fenistil ointment is applied to the affected areas and antihistamines are prescribed internally. Some therapists additionally prescribe oral antihistamines to patients if it is known in advance that after hirudotherapy they usually experience a severe reaction in the form of itching and redness. There are medical reports containing patient reports of the recurrence of moderate itching after completing uncomplicated treatment after a few months for a short time, for example, during external heat (in a sauna, etc.). d.). Hypotension and vasovagal reactions As with other invasive treatments, vasovagal reactions, including carotid syncope, may occur in patients predisposed to fainting at the beginning or during hirudotherapy. When reviewing 1000 descriptions of leech treatment in our clinic, only one documented case of a vasovagal reaction was found. Before performing hirudotherapy, it is always necessary to ask the patient whether he has had vasovagal reactions and fainting in the past, for example, after drawing blood or during acupuncture. Drinking sufficient fluids before and during treatment, performing the procedure only in a supine position, and a calming atmosphere can effectively counteract vasovagal reactions. Two outpatient cases were also reported that were accompanied by symptomatic hypotension and vasodepressive syncope after hirudotherapy. Both patients were known to suffer from hypertension and were treated with triple doses of antihypertensive drugs as usual. A few hours after hirudotherapy, both patients experienced mild short-term fainting. It is important to remember that there is a known antihypertensive effect when treated with leeches, especially if patients are taking antihypertensive drugs. medications. Patients should take plenty of fluids. In case of severe profuse bleeding from a wound caused by a leech, blood pressure should be monitored and, if necessary, the intake of antihypertensive drugs should be adjusted for some time. Blood loss Hirudotherapy is always associated with relative blood loss, which, as a rule, in most cases is clinically insignificant. In a study report by Michalsen et al, the mean decrease in hemoglobin was noted to be 0.7 mg/dL, and no patients experienced clinically significant blood loss. However, isolated cases of severe profuse bleeding with a subsequent decrease in the hemoglobin content in the blood picture have been reported, primarily when leeches were accidentally applied directly to the superficial veins. The documentation from the Essen clinic describes cases in which y 2 patients experienced a clinically significant decrease in hemoglobin (> 3 Mn/dl.). In one of these cases (treatment of gonarthrosis with 6 leeches), a blood transfusion was subsequently required. When interviewing one of the patients, it was determined that in the past she had experienced what she believed to be prolonged bleeding. In another case, it was necessary to stop profuse bleeding that lasted more than 36 hours by applying a skin suture. However, a complex diagnosis of blood clotting was then carried out and showed the absence of any special coagulation disorders. Therefore, it is very important before starting hirudotherapy to specifically ask the patient about whether he has a predisposition to bleeding. But, first of all, it is necessary to check whether the patient is taking medications with an anticoagulant effect. In situations where patients frequently take medications with low aspirin content (“heart aspirin”), as well as other new platelet aggregation inhibitors (clopidogrel, iscover, plavix) and high-dose fish oils (omacor), in initial stage treatment, it is necessary to place a small number of leeches (from 3 to 4). Before carrying out hirudotherapy, it is necessary, in any case, to draw up a hemogram. You should not place more than 12 leeches on one affected area to avoid significant blood loss. Disturbances in wound healing. Superinfection and allergies After completion of hirudotherapy, the edges of the triradiate wound swell, usually within 12-48 hours, which is accompanied by a local feeling of tension, a feeling of overheating and redness. Bruises form around the bite sites in a small radius. In rare cases, severe bruising occurs. As with a superficial hematoma, the red-purple spots turn yellowish after a few days and eventually disappear after about 2 weeks. Densely localized inflammations with nodular bulges at the sites of bites occur relatively often and are often accompanied by itching (see above), but under conditions of cooling and rest they heal quickly. I The cause of these healing disturbances is not clear. Their potential cause may be improper treatment of the wound, premature stopping of profuse bleeding, crushing the head area of the leech with tweezers, forcible removal of the leech until it is completely saturated with blood, keeping leeches in stale water. However, such undesirable consequences are reported in isolated cases and with impeccably correct treatment. Perhaps the cause of the disorders may be local infections caused by the leech symbiont bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila. However, so far in none of the cases has the presence of Aeromonas hydrophila in the secretions of a wound on the patient’s skin been confirmed by microbiological methods. Most common cause pronounced local inflammation is secondary contamination or irritation of the wound caused by scratching and rubbing. Therefore, mechanical protection of the wound should be provided and the patient should be informed in detail about this. Some cases of severe local inflammation are reported in clinic reports. We are talking about three cases. In one of the cases, erysipelas is described, in the other two - moderately severe lymphangitis. In all three cases, rapid healing occurred after the use of antibiotics (cephalosporins) and/or gyrase inhibitors. In order to minimize local inflammation, it is necessary to strictly take into account contraindications and instructions for their identification. The therapist should know that in doubtful cases, with progressive painful redness, especially with an increase in temperature, it is necessary to use antibiotics. In rare cases, a nodular rash that persists after a leech bite should be classified as pseudolymphoma caused by a reaction to a leech bite. Currently, there is no information on the frequency of manifestation of this undesirable consequence of hirudotherapy. The author is aware of a total of three such documented and verified cases. It is difficult to determine the differences between secondary wound healing disorders and allergic reactions. There is no exact information on the frequency of allergic reactions to hirudotherapy. Often local itching cannot be assessed as the occurrence of an allergic reaction. Unambiguous allergic symptoms such as short-term urticaria and distantly moving swelling are reported only in isolated cases. Local symptoms in the form of limited skin hyperemia caused by the reflex effects of hirudotherapy, or urticaria-like skin changes are most often observed in people with unstable psychovegetative disorders. One of the reports from the last century describes short-term anaphylactic shock after applying leeches to the temple area. Some therapists (as experience shows) successfully administer antihistamines, primarily in case of a local allergic reaction. But a good response to antihistamines in itself does not confirm the origin of the allergy, since taking antihistamines should be compared with taking a placebo. In therapeutic works, the issue of a possible increase in allergies to antibiotics as a result of hirudotherapy is also discussed. When interpreting local phenomena caused by leeches, it should be taken into account that proteases contained in the saliva of leeches can stimulate the release of non-immunological mediators various types. In addition, psychovegetative factors can enhance the corresponding reactions. In general, there are descriptions of a very small number of cases in which the cause of the allergic reaction is confirmed quite reliably. But allergic reactions, as in any other case of the appearance of a foreign protein, are potentially possible with hirudotherapy. After applying an ointment containing leech saliva, contact dermatitis was also observed. From time to time, after treatment with leeches, short-term reactive swelling of the proximal lymph nodes or pain when palpating these nodes is also reported, especially when wound healing is delayed. The most common localization is groin area in the treatment of knee and hip joint, as well as varicose nodes. All reports report rapid, uneventful disappearance of tumors in these lymph nodes. One report on surgical indications reported follicular pseudolymphoma occurring after hirudotherapy. Sepsis Systemic infections with sepsis through Aeromonas hydrophila, a symbiont bacterium of the medicinal leech, after hirudotherapy have been repeatedly reported in the context of the use of hirudotherapy in reconstructive surgery. So far, cases of sepsis infection in other areas of use of leeches are not known. It therefore seems reasonable to conclude that the risk of contracting sepsis through Aeromonas hydrophila only exists in cases of severe underlying disease or immune suppression, as is often the case in surgical patients. Accordingly, for hirudotherapy in the area of surgical indications, it is recommended to use accompanying antibiotic therapy. For other indications, according to the current state of knowledge, primary antibiotic therapy is not required, but the following rules must be strictly observed in case of contraindications for hirudotherapy. Antibiotic therapy during hirudotherapy Accompanying treatment with antibiotics (started at least six hours before therapy) is recommended during hirudotherapy for all surgical patients. For all other indications, according to current experience, there is no need for accompanying antibiotic therapy. Patients with complex comorbidities may receive antibiotics for three days (the best choice is gyrase inhibitors such as ciproflaxacin or cyprobe). Gyrase inhibitors are also indicated in the treatment of severe cases of inflammation that clearly extend beyond the normal tissue response, or in cases of prolonged manifestation of phlegmonous inflammation or lymphangitis.
Treatment of hematoma with hirudotherapy
Hematoma can be treated with leeches. has proven itself to be the best. Undoubtedly, the more you delay treatment procedures, the less likely they are to be effective.
The positive effects of leeches are as follows:
- Tissues in which a hematoma is observed are regenerated with great success as a result of optimization of blood circulation parameters.
- During the first day after the start of the procedure, pain is relieved.
- The affected tissue is saturated with leech saliva. The blood thins under the influence of this saliva, which creates an obstacle to the formation of blood clots in the hematoma. All this contributes to the speedy start of the process of resorption of the bruise.
Leech therapy for serious tissue damage
Of course, every person at some point receives a minor injury like a scratch or bruise. This phenomenon is quite common, but it does not bring us much discomfort. The same cannot be said about more severe injuries, such as fractures, burns, and severe bruises. But in this case a solution has been found. Hirudotherapy will help get rid of such unpleasant phenomena as scars and severe bruising. It should be noted that the use of hirudotherapy occurs without taking medications.
In case of extensive swelling caused by car accidents, falls from great heights, sports injuries, which are accompanied by a huge number of hematomas, it would be best to use hirudotherapy sessions. In case of extensive damage to the tissue, a larger number of leeches are placed on it, which contributes to a speedy recovery of the person, and not even a trace remains of the bruises.
We can say with confidence that in case of extensive bruises, accompanied by extensive swelling and bruising, the best choice for treatment will be hirudotherapy. She has high level effectiveness and absolutely safe for the patient’s body.
Hirudotherapists claim that the best help for injuries and bruises is leeches. And as soon as possible. I checked this on myself.
. Caught on the high threshold of an incorrectly installed elevator, I fell, breaking my knee and face. Loss of two front teeth. It was so bad that the lady I went to visit during Holy Week called an ambulance.
While the ambulance was driving, I was already holding a bag of frozen crab sticks near my face. No, crab sticks are not a hit at all traditional medicine. It’s just that swelling on the face appeared immediately, and it was necessary to apply cold. But the knee remained unattended. At the hospital, the doctor did not examine me; he sent me for an X-ray of my head and neck. This surprised me greatly. She refused a head x-ray. Upon returning to the emergency department, I noticed that walking had become very difficult. Having pulled up my trouser leg, I was horrified by the huge swelling of my knee. I got it while walking up the stairs to the next building to see the ophthalmologist and radiologist. I was not offered cold and this is the result - a plaster splint from the gluteal fold to the heel to immobilize the joint and intimidate the operation.
There were leeches at home. Having checked on the Internet when they could be placed: immediately or after 3 days, having seen a photo of a broken knee and an excellent outcome after hirudotherapy, I no longer doubted that I would be treated with leeches. But I only had 8 of them. I made an attachment at night and in the morning the tumor decreased by half. But treatment must be continued every day for 3 days.
The first prefix of leeches. There were seven of them. They immediately grabbed the bruise where the blood was pouring out. The tumor began to melt right before our eyes.
The second day could have made me happy if it weren’t for the monstrous “hickeys.” However, my knee didn’t hurt so much. I bought new leeches and continued. They all sat on the edges of the tumor. And leeches know exactly where they shouldn’t nibble.
In the morning I felt slightly dizzy. After the leeches I applied ice because the knee was hot. At night I did not cover my leg with a blanket. The plaster additionally warmed the leg and the bruise went down.
The third day gave excellent results. Only the top of my knee is still sticking out, but I think I can handle that too tomorrow.
