Almost all of us like the sun, sea, tan and beach. Many people know that the sun's rays are not always beneficial and sun protection in the form of creams, oils and sprays is needed.
But not everyone knows and knows how to use sun cream correctly so as not to harm their health. Sun protection, a properly selected sunscreen or Sunscreen, as it is also called, is especially necessary for children. How to prepare for summer, choose the best one sunscreen, choose from the variety and decide which sun protection is best and will suit you and your family, understand all the nuances of SPF, as well as UV rays, and not overpay for sun cream, you will learn from today’s article.
Vitamin D and its effect on the body
Everyone knows the benefits of vitamin D, which the body receives during exposure to the sun. Vitamin D improves mood, helps combat the development of rickets in children, reduces the risk of heart diseasediseases, has a positive effect on mental health and even relieves girls from thrush. But all this is in small doses that do not exceed the norm.
We are used to enjoying the sun and it is especially difficult not to break down and lie all day on the beach under the scorching rays after escaping from a long, endless and annoying winter.
Still, after reading this article, I hope you will think about and analyze the potential benefits and perceived harms when choosing the best sun cream. 
According to WHO, only a small percentage of Russians are diagnosed with melanoma and therefore, the incidence of this type of cancer in our country is very high, because it is detected
usually quite late.
On the one hand, the rules for staying in the sun are simple and understandable to everyone: do not be in direct sunlight from 10 am to 4 pm, wear a hat and shirts with sleeves on children (or a rash guard), keep children under one year old in the shade under an umbrella and Don’t forget about drinking regime, monitor the UV index.
On the other hand, who follows these rules?
Let's first understand the terminology and what the labels on sunscreen packaging mean, so that, firstly, you can choose the best sunscreen, and secondly, you won't overpay for the tricks of sunscreen manufacturers.
Sun protection – how to choose sunscreen?
Sun protection is divided into types. There is chemical and physical protection from the sun.
Chemical sun protection filters contain oxybenzone, avobenzone and other “ons”.
Physical filter protection is usually provided by talc, titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. That is, it’s not for nothing that Thais generously sprinkle themselves and their children with dioxide-based talc
titanium and zinc oxide.
Disadvantages of Using Physical Filters
– are poorly absorbed, cover the skin with a thick film and are quickly washed off. It is enough to take a swim in the sea or pool once,
and again you need to sprinkle yourself from head to toe with talcum powder and powder.
Pros of a chemical sun protection filter the fact that it is a pleasant viscous mass (cream or lotion, spray, oil), which is perfectly absorbed, smells great and is not felt on the skin.
Minus– sometimes, under the influence of sunlight, oxybenzone and avobenzone mutate into free radicals and can cause tumors on the body.
There is an option when a sunscreen cosmetics manufacturer combines these two types, chemical and physical, for better sun protection and absorption.
Sun protection – What does the inscription “SPF” mean?
SPF is an abbreviation that stands for Sun Protection Factor, which means sun protection factor.
Magazines, newspapers, television remind us that in the summer or while on vacation in hot countries we need to protect our skin from the sun and UV rays.
SPF (UVB sun protection factor) is what you should first pay attention to when choosing a good sunscreen to prevent sunburn.
!Important!
Many people mistakenly believe that the SPF scale is 2, 5, 15, 30, 50, etc.; is the amount of time you can spend in the sun without harm.
The SPF index means that you can withstand 15, 30, 50 times more sun protection than without it.
A well-known method for determining the SPF factor you need is as follows: you need to multiply the number of minutes in which you will burn in the sun without a product by the estimated SPF protection factor and get the number of minutes that you can safely spend in the sun.
However, WHO does not agree with this interpretation and recommends that absolutely any cream, spray, oil, or sun stick should be renewed at least every two hours
Sun protection – Consumer deception or the difference in – SPF 30 and SPF 100
This information is known only to those who have dug deep into the topic of sun protection and sunscreens.
It is unlikely that you are aware that the difference in a sunscreen with a factor of 30 and in a cream labeled 70-100 is only a few percent.
Moreover, in most countries it is strictly forbidden to indicate an SPF greater than 50 on a jar or tube, as this is a clear deception of the consumer.
The difference in SPF 50 and SPF 100 is negligible, and inspired by the numbers and the price per bottle, people mistakenly try to spend unlimited time under the scorching rays.
Speaking of price. You've probably noticed that sunscreens with a factor of 50 and higher cost some astronomical money.
Don’t feed the industry, buy sunscreen with SPF 30 - this is the best option, since 50 differs from it in the level of protection from 1 to 2%
SPF 30 – protects skin from ultraviolet radiation by 96%
SPF 50 – protects skin from burns by 98%
And the price difference between them is several hundred rubles.
The thickness of the sun cream is also important. No matter how much you want to look beautiful and graceful on the beach, dermatologists do not advise rubbing sunscreen until absorbed; it is better to leave a thick layer on the surface of the skin to create a denser “screen” of sunscreen.
Choosing sunscreen for yourself and your child
I have already eaten more than one dog buying sunscreen creams, sprays, sticks, gels, and oils.
Living in a hot country, I can responsibly say that expensive sunscreens are often better than cheap ones.
To my great regret, the best remedy from the sun that I came across is more expensive than all the others. It is produced by Banana Boat.
Pay attention to the number of plus signs on the PA marking - ‘this is the maximum
This Australian company produces sunscreens of all types and types. For babies, children, adults, for face and body and its main advantage is that you can spend active time in the sun
without fear of getting burned.
When talking about activity, I mean playing sports, running, sweating and not smearing yourself every 5 seconds.
It is Banana Boat that I buy for Masha for tennis, only a spray with SPF 50 and UVA and UVB ++++ protection copes with the hot and radioactive Thai sun.
This spray costs 720 baht in pharmacies and 7/11, that is, about 1200 rubles. Expensive, yes. Enough if you use it every day of the week for 3-4.
The Banana Boat line also has a good cooling spray for burns, but I usually don’t buy it, since aloe gel copes with sunburn just as well and quickly reduces skin peeling to a minimum
healing and saturating the skin with moisture.
Buying a good sunscreen spray is important, since the appearance of freckles, new moles, their growth and quantity is not something cute and useful, but a reason to think about whether you are doing everything as needed.
I already wrote about sunscreens on the site and recommended creams and sprays from Boots. I take my words back. They are not bad, but not worth the money. 
Besides Banana Boat, in my opinion, one of the best sun creams is produced by Nivea. Not even a cream, but a spray, the same as Banana Boat.
Nivea is slightly cheaper in price, SPF 50.
Sometimes, very rarely, both Nivea and Banana Boat have sales and you can buy two bottles for the price of one at the Thai pharmacy Boots or Watsons.
I think you know that it is better not to apply sunscreen to babies under 6-8 months, so as not to tempt fate.
But when the expected harm is greater than the expected benefit, you should, of course, use sun cream or at least sun powder.
For children, creams and sprays are usually produced that are opaque and non-transparent. white. Often blue or green, so that you can see all the places where you still need to apply the cream.
You need to apply sun cream to your child 30 minutes before going out into the sun. This rule applies to everyone.
Personally, my favorite sunscreens come in spray form. It’s easy to apply, convenient to smear, your hands don’t get dirty like cream and especially oil.
The probability that the jar will leak and stain the bag is 0.
I’ll say a few more words about cheap sunscreens. Usually it's a pig in a poke.
It is unknown who produced and under what control, all products within the cost range of 100-300 baht showed themselves to be 3 out of 5.
Even SPF 50, purchased for less than 500 rubles, did not cope with the task at all. This is my experience. I do not rule out that yours is different.
When coming to Thailand, it is quite enough to use a sun cream or spray with SPF 15 for people with dark skin and dark hair and with SPF 50 for fair-skinned blondes.
Once again I urge you not to overpay and not buy nonsense like SPF 70 and 100
What else can you protect from the sun besides your body?
If you have moles, age spots, warts, warts or other skin formations on your body, be sure to apply cream with SPF 50, no less, before going out into the sun.
Sun protection for face and lips
If we are talking about sun protection in the city, it is not necessary to apply a thick, greasy mass on your face in the form of a cream with SPF 50.
You just need to give yourself a task and always buy all cosmetics with sun protection in the form of UVA and UVB rays.
Now the lion's share of all cosmetics contains Sanskrin.
Lips should be smeared with lipstick with SPF of at least 15. So that the lips do not crack, do not age prematurely, but look moisturized, rich and do not lose their color and density.
If you don't use lipstick, no problem. Buy hygienic gloss or lip stick.
What are the types of solar radiation and how do they work?
There are three types of solar radiation: infrared - this type creates a heat effect and warms us in the summer; the visible spectrum is the very rays of the sun,
which our vision perceives. And ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet radiation is abbreviated as UV.
When choosing the best sunscreen, sunscreen, spray or oil, the first thing you should know is which types of UV are dangerous and which are not.
The name UV waves is related to the wavelength.
UVС wave range is from 100 to 300 nm and is the most destructive. Luckily for us, the range
UVC does not reach the surface of the earth, because it would simply burn all living things.
UVB is waves in the range of 290 - 340 nm and UVB radiation accounts for up to 20% of all radiation that hits the earth's surface.
It is UVB waves that help us get a beautiful bronze tan, for which people go to warm countries.
The B wave spectrum actively affects DNA cells and causes various disturbances in its structure, which is generally not very dangerous if you do not spend hours and days under the scorching sun.
The most dangerous waves are the UVA spectrum of ultraviolet waves. The UVA spectrum, with a wavelength of up to 400 nm, represents more than 85% of all solar radiation that hits our skin.
Due to the fact that UVA waves are longer than UVB waves, they do not affect redness and tanning, but penetrate into the deep skin cells and the substances they produce remain and harm the skin much more.
2. UVA rays are everywhere, regardless of whether you are in the tropics, in the mountains or in a metropolis
3. UVA rays are harmful even when you are in the office if the sun is shining through the window
4. UVA rays pass through car windows
5. UVA rays come not only from the sun, but also from fluorescent lamps and lamps in tanning salons
What risk do we face by not protecting ourselves from UVA rays?
1. Risk of sunstroke and intoxication
2. UV A rays penetrate the skin to a depth twice as deep as group B rays
3.UV A rays can cause corneal burns, retinal damage and cataracts
4. It is UVA rays that provoke and increase the risk of developing skin cancer
5. Skin aging, thinning, dryness and fragility of the skin are associated with the penetration of UVA rays under the skin
Knowing all these parameters, the task before buying a sunscreen for yourself, children and the whole family is to choose a product that not only has high level SPF, but also protects against both UVA and UVB rays.
In Thailand, Japan, China and others Asian countries, the best UVA protection is also marked “P”
For example, P+ P++ P++++ etc. The more pluses on the sun cream, the better. Maximum protection - 4 pluses on the package.
How to Choose Sunscreen Based on Your Skin Type
Surely you are aware that the skin of all people in the world is divided into types. If you have fair skin, light eyes and burn easily, then you are at the highest risk.
The same rule applies to infants and young children, whose skin is still very thin, delicate and does not have the same natural level of protection as that of adults.
If your skin type is dark, ( dark eyes, naturally brown or black hair), this doesn't mean you don't need to wear sunscreen. Even representatives need sun cream
the Negroid race, since all people in the world not only sunbathe, but also burn. It's only a matter of time and the number of minutes spent under the scorching sun.
It is also worth noting that the closer to the Equator you are, the stronger the radiation from the sun's rays, and the greater the protection factor your sunscreen should have.
As for Thailand, even those with dark skin should use sunscreen here, for the simple reason that burns, skin aging, destruction of elastin and collagen are not the worst things.
Sunstroke, loss of consciousness, skin cancer - these are things you should be afraid of and try to avoid.
It is worth choosing a wide range of sunscreen and cosmetics with an SPF filter. Which blocks not only UVB rays, but also UVA rays.
What is Tan and where does it come from?
Surely you have thought about the mechanism for acquiring a tan. Why do some people tan better, acquire an even, beautiful, bronze tan, while others can only dream of this and are never able to tan? It's all about skin types and chemical reactions body.
Skin is a protective layer of our body, which, when exposed to ultraviolet radiation, begins to create a barrier. The epidermis contains cells called melanocytes, which are responsible for the production of melanin in the body.
A beautiful tan is just a protective reaction of the skin in response to its degeneration by UVA and UVB rays.
When exposed to the scorching sun, our skin becomes rougher, drier, darker and even English word“Tan” refers to the tanning process and working with animal skins to produce leather goods.
Dark skin copes better with the intrusion of the sun's rays into the skin, while light skin does it worse. Therefore, the lighter the skin, the more difficult it is for a person to tan and the more protection from the sun he needs.
Can tanning cause skin cancer?
This is not to say that only UVA rays are dangerous. To provoke the growth of atypical cells, UVB rays also make their “mite”.
Basal cell carcinoma is a type of benign and malignant tumors, one of the most common skin diseases, certainly associated with sun exposure.
There are studies that show that children who were severely burned at least once in infancy double their risk of developing skin cancer in the future.
Both basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma primarily affect visible areas of the body: the scalp, neck, face, and arms.
Scientists agree that uncontrolled sun exposure in dangerous watch Using sunscreen even with a high protection factor can be no less dangerous than being without it.
The thing is that not a single sunscreen, neither chemical nor physical, is recognized as completely useful and natural and cannot be recommended for use in large doses.
Does tanning and sun age your skin?
In short, yes, it makes you old. Exposure to the sun does not go without consequences, and you have probably noticed how dry, dehydrated, stretched and damaged the skin of those who are covered with a brown-black tan is. This is especially true for older people, whose skin regeneration is no longer the same as that of young people; skin damage and microcracks are more difficult to heal.
People all over the world (excluding Asia) associate tanning with health, wealth, and a successful lifestyle. It doesn’t matter where you got your tan from - from a solarium or at sea, ultraviolet light penetrates into the deep layers of the skin and destroys elastin, collagen, dehydrates and even leads to the appearance of age spots ahead of time.
While you are young and don’t think about it, spending hours on the beach under the sun, getting sunburned to the point of boiled cancer, everything seems not scary and not so important.
The effect of the sun on the skin goes unnoticed, but over the years the consequences will be not only on the face, but also on the body.
How to sunbathe safely - basic rules
If you are going on vacation with children and are going to sunbathe and spend a lot of time in the sun, try to follow at least some rules.
Infants and young children, especially those with fair skin, should not be exposed to direct sunlight from 10 a.m. to 3-4 p.m. Jaya on a cloudy day ultraviolet
penetrates our skin by 85-90%.
Apply sunscreen BEFORE leaving the house, at least 20-30 minutes in advance.
Sunscreen, spray, oil, stick should be used every 1.5-2 hours, even if they are waterproof. If they are ordinary, then even more often.
Typically, sunscreen does not last longer than one summer season as the heat breaks it down beneficial features, the cream simply “rotates”.
In the sun, the child and you should always wear a shirt with a sleeve if the stay is longer than 10-15 minutes between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.
A hat, a brimmed Panama hat, and a rashguard are the first things your baby will need on the beach.
The closer to the equator the country you are going to on vacation, the stronger and more radioactive the solar radiation.
If you do get burned, apply aloe vera gel or Bepanthen as soon as possible. Update them every 1.5-2 hours until improvement occurs.
Reduce the SPF factor of your sunscreen gradually. Starting from 30 and up to 5-10.
Many people associate the sultry summer sun not only with beautiful tan, but also with certain skin problems: burns, various irritations, allergies, increased pigmentation. All these phenomena are the result of a frivolous attitude towards seemingly harmless sun rays. Various sunscreens can help you avoid them, the most common of which is sunscreen.
Why do you need sunscreen?
Sunscreen protects your skin from negative impact sun rays, moisturizes it, relieves irritation, promotes a uniform and lasting tan, prevents skin aging and prevents skin cancer.
How to choose sunscreen?
SPF - index. This indicator is one of the most important when choosing a sunscreen and is indicated by numbers from 3 to 30 (in Lately creams with index 40 also appeared). These numbers mean how many times longer you can stay in the sun using sunscreen than without additional protection.
The more sensitive the skin is to the sun (very fair skin, skin with freckles, children's skin), the higher the SPF index should be. Also, the choice of SPF number depends on geographic latitudes. If you are going on vacation to Turkey, stock up on creams with a higher degree of protection, but if your plan for the summer is a vacation at the dacha in the Moscow region, you can buy sunscreen with a lower degree of protection. However, dermatologists recommend in any case not to use sunscreens with an SPF index below 15.
Types of sunscreens. All sunscreens come in two types: sun blockers and sun blockers.
Sunscreen that blocks the sun's rays, when applied, forms a film on the skin that absorbs ultraviolet radiation. The disadvantage of such creams is that most of them are directed against one type of ultraviolet (B), and they let through the more harmful type A. In addition, shielding sunscreen can penetrate the skin, entering the human body in small quantities, and also cause allergic reactions. 
Therefore, when choosing a shielding cream, you should pay special attention to its composition and choose a cream that contains Parsol 1789 or avobenzone - this substance protects against both types of ultraviolet rays. It would also be a good idea to test such a cream by applying it to a small area of skin to determine whether it causes this remedy allergies.
Sunscreen that blocks the sun's rays, contains zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, thanks to which the cream remains on the surface of the skin, reflecting ultraviolet rays A and B types.
Sunscreen with water-repellent effect relevant for those who are planning to spend their summer vacation at sea. The special composition of this cream is able to protect the skin from sunlight even during water procedures. However, swimmers should remember that immediately after swimming they need to dry themselves and reapply sunscreen to their body.
In addition to sun-reflective, sun-blocking and water-repellent components, sunscreen may contain vitamins, minerals, plant extracts that have a beneficial effect on the condition of the skin, moisturizing it and relieving irritation. Preference should be given to sunscreen containing vitamins A and E, extracts of green tea, edelweiss, hibiscus, aloe, chamomile and calendula.
You definitely need to pay attention to expiration date of sunscreen, and also remember that sunscreen that has already been started can be used for no more than six months.
How to use sunscreen?
It is preferable to prepare your skin for exposure to sunlight in advance, about a week before your intended trip to the sea.
Apply sunscreen to your face and body half an hour before going out into the sun– it is after this period of time that the sun filters that are completely absorbed into the skin begin to act. To apply, you need to take a small amount of cream, distribute it evenly on the skin (without rubbing or massaging), and let it absorb.
Sunscreen applications are needed repeat every 2-3 hours, even if the cream has a high protection filter. This is especially true for people with light skin that is particularly sensitive to sunlight, as well as children. Even when using sunscreen, you need to start sunbathing for 15-30 minutes a day, gradually increasing the time you spend in the sun.
You should also use sunscreen when cloudy days, when the sun, hidden in the clouds, is especially treacherous. You should avoid exposure to the sun during hours of increased solar activity - from 11 to 16 hours of the day - the effectiveness of even the most durable sunscreen decreases at this time.
Let the sun please you with its gentle rays during your summer holiday, and the right sunscreen will help prevent skin burns and give you a beautiful tan.
Protecting your face and body skin with a special sun cream is the most important element of proper tanning. Scientific research shows that ultraviolet rays are responsible for 90% of skin damage leading to premature aging (1) - and the characteristic redness of the face after sun exposure is a full-fledged burn that affects the deep layers of the epidermis.
At the same time, choosing a quality sunscreen is not just about buying a sun cream with the maximum SPF protection factor. If you plan to use such a cream primarily for the face, its composition and light texture will play a key role - although cheap synthetic ingredients will protect you from the sun, they will literally clog your facial skin and lead to the formation of acne.
We also note that the composition of sunscreens includes - in fact, it is this substance that reflects the sun's rays from the surface of the skin. Latest Scientific research showed that titanium nanoparticles persist in the body, disrupting metabolism and harming brain function and digestive system. In France, this substance has been banned as a food ingredient since 2020.
Sun protection factor
SPF ( Sun Protection Factor, English: sun protection factor) is the degree of sun protection or the proportion of solar radiation reaching the skin. The SPF10 marking means that when applying the cream, only 1/10 (or 10%) of ultraviolet rays will have a damaging effect on it, SPF50 - 1/50 rays (or 2%). Essentially, sunblock with SPF creates a reflective surface on the skin.
As a result, 10 minutes of sun exposure without sunscreen is equivalent to 300 minutes of tanning with properly applied SPF30 lotion. However, the mechanics of applying sunscreen and its regular renewal are extremely important, significantly affecting the final degree of protection - when sweating, swimming or using a towel, the cream simply wears off.
Sunscreen: SPF50 or SPF30?
For use in the city or when exposed to the sun for no more than 30-50 minutes, a face sunscreen with SPF15 protection is suitable; for regular tanning on the beach - a cream with SPF30. Products with SPF50 are necessary either for extremely fair skin or in the first days of tanning. Note that in most cases SPF30 is sufficient, since the texture of SPF50 is usually thicker and heavier.
It is important to understand that a higher SPF does not always mean more strong defense from the sun (especially in the case of body cream). No matter how high the SPF, sunscreen must be reapplied every two hours to maintain effectiveness. In addition, the density and uniformity of the applied layer also plays a significant role.
How to protect yourself from the sun correctly?
For sunscreen to truly protect your skin from UV rays, it must be applied fairly thickly - you should use approximately 2 mg of sunscreen for every square centimeter of skin. Ultimately, an amount of cream the size of a 5-ruble coin is enough to cover the face, while the entire body will need about 20-30 g.
Let us remind you once again that sunscreen for the body must be renewed after contact with water, wiping with a towel or heavy sweating. Among other things, on the beach it is important to apply sunscreen not only to the face and body, but also to the ears, as well as to use special lipstick to protect the lips and sunglasses, since UV rays can also damage the retina.
Sun cream or sunscreen?
When choosing a sunscreen for the face, it is better to opt for 2-in-1 combination products containing both SPF and moisturizing components. At the same time, remember that the presence of sun cream on the skin does not prevent tanning at all, but only blocks harmful ultraviolet rays, protecting the skin from burns, premature aging and the formation of wrinkles.
While even cheap sunscreens do protect against tanning, they often contain petroleum jelly and low-quality mineral oils. After applying such products to the face, a pronounced oily sheen effect appears and the pores become clogged, causing acne. Moreover, the higher the SPF factor of such a cream and the more water-resistant it is, the more the skin suffers as a result.
Sunscreen: rules of choice
Carefully study the composition of the cream and avoid the following ingredients: isoparaffin, hexylene glycol, lanolin alcohol, hydrogenated vegetable oil,decyloleate. If possible, try to test the sunscreen on the back of your hand before purchasing and choose one that does not make the skin sticky and is quickly absorbed completely.
- Don't chase low prices. Cheap sunscreens contain petroleum jelly, mineral oils and other comedogenic ingredients. This cream is not completely absorbed, maintaining an unpleasant sticky feeling and making the skin oily, leading to the formation of acne. This plays a critical role when using sunscreen on your face.
- Choose double protection. A good sunscreen should protect against both UVB rays, which cause redness and burning of the skin, and UVA rays, which damage DNA and affect aging. According to European standards, the packaging of sunscreen must contain a mention of what rays it protects from.
- Use the optimal factorSPF. For everyday urban use, a sunscreen with SPF15 is sufficient; for yarn tanning, a cream with SPF30 is recommended. For fair skin, sensitive to burns and untanned, use SPF50. However, remember that higher protection usually means a thicker cream texture.
- Apply the cream correctly. Sunscreen is guaranteed to work only for the first two hours (then it is recommended to reapply it), and after contact with water or a towel, part of the cream is erased from the skin, leaving it defenseless. At the same time, the disadvantage of moisture-resistant creams is that they, again, clog the skin.
- Wash off the cream thoroughly after sunbathing. The nature of sunscreens is such that they physically reflect the sun's rays due to the presence of zinc oxide, titanium and other metals. After sunbathing, it is important to remove any traces of these products by thoroughly washing the skin with a washcloth and using
And do all creams protect equally?
No, the degree of protection depends on the SPF value, which ranges from 2 to 50. The higher the SPF value, the more sun rays it filters, and you can stay in the sun longer without the risk of sunburn. For example, SPF 2 filters about 50% of UV rays, and SPF 50 filters up to 98%.Which one should you choose?
If you go out in the sun occasionally, for no longer than a few minutes, dermatologists advise How to choose the right sunscreen for your skin type. cream with SPF 15. If you are outside continuously for a long time, choose a cream with SPF 30 or higher.Also affects the degree of protection.
Isn't it easier to buy SPF 50 for any skin, since it protects so well?
No, because sunscreens are not 100% safe. Some of the substances in their composition can cause skin irritation, rashes and pimples. Others suspect toxicity and the ability to disrupt the hormonal system, although this has not been proven.The lower the SPF level and the amount of potentially dangerous substances in the cream, the better.
Don't overuse protection if you don't need it.
So the creams differ only in SPF?
No, sunscreens also differ in active ingredients in composition and are divided into chemical and physical. Chemicals are absorbed into the skin and absorb the sun's rays, then converting them into thermal energy. Physical ones create a protective screen on the surface of the skin and reflect ultraviolet radiation.And which ones are better to choose?
Chemical products do not leave streaks and are more resistant to water and sweat. However, unlike physical ones, they are more dangerous for the skin: they can cause allergies and irritation, and their protection begins only 20 minutes after application.If you have sensitive skin and don't want to apply cream before going out into the sun, choose physical creams. If you are going to swim, actively train, and don’t like greasy consistency and stains on the skin, choose chemical ones.
In addition, pay attention to what types of rays the chosen cream protects from.
Doesn't it protect against all types?
There are creams that only protect against type B rays, which are what causes us to tan and. But because both types of rays increase the risk of cancer and accelerate skin aging, dermatologists advise UVA & UVB. take creams with protection against both types. However, it is impossible to measure how effectively a cream protects against UVA rays, so simply mentioning such protection will be enough.If I swim, will the cream wash off?
It will definitely wash off, especially if it is a physical cream. Therefore, choose a cream marked “waterproof” or water resistant and pay attention to the indicated protection time. Renew the cream after this period, regardless of whether you have bathed or not.If the cream remains, can I use it next year?
The cream can be used until it expires. Do not leave it in direct sunlight or store it in a warm place, then it can be used within a year. This cosmetic will protect you from two types of harmful sun rays: UVB and UVA. The former cause sunburn, the latter do not, but both types make the skin less elastic, activate the aging process and increase the risk of skin cancer.And do all creams protect equally?
No, the degree of protection depends on the SPF value, which ranges from 2 to 50. The higher the SPF value, the more sun rays it filters, and you can stay in the sun longer without the risk of sunburn. For example, SPF 2 filters about 50% of UV rays, and SPF 50 filters up to 98%.Which one should you choose?
If you go out in the sun occasionally, for no longer than a few minutes, dermatologists advise How to choose the right sunscreen for your skin type. cream with SPF 15. If you are outside continuously for a long time, choose a cream with SPF 30 or higher.Also affects the degree of protection.
Isn't it easier to buy SPF 50 for any skin, since it protects so well?
No, because sunscreens are not 100% safe. Some of the substances in their composition can cause skin irritation, rashes and pimples. Others suspect toxicity and the ability to disrupt the hormonal system, although this has not been proven.The lower the SPF level and the amount of potentially dangerous substances in the cream, the better.
Don't overuse protection if you don't need it.
So the creams differ only in SPF?
No, sunscreens also differ in the active ingredients in their composition and are divided into chemical and physical. Chemicals are absorbed into the skin and absorb the sun's rays, then converting them into thermal energy. Physical ones create a protective screen on the surface of the skin and reflect ultraviolet radiation.And which ones are better to choose?
Chemical products do not leave streaks and are more resistant to water and sweat. However, unlike physical ones, they are more dangerous for the skin: they can cause allergies and irritation, and their protection begins only 20 minutes after application.If you have sensitive skin and don't want to apply cream before going out into the sun, choose physical creams. If you are going to swim, actively train, and don’t like greasy consistency and stains on the skin, choose chemical ones.
In addition, pay attention to what types of rays the chosen cream protects from.
