Do-it-yourself electric heated floor. How to choose and install an electric heated floor yourself How to choose a heated floor

The feeling of even and pleasant warmth that an electric heated floor gives provides comfort in the room. But this type of heating has become popular not only for this reason. Modern intelligent systems controls allow rational use of electricity and make this heating method economically profitable.

Types of electric floor heating

Depending on the type of heating element, electric floors come in the following varieties:

traditional cable;
innovative film;
rod-shaped

Cable models can be supplied for sale in the form of a simple skein, sections, as well as mats made of a special elastic mesh. The latter option uses a thinner cable than other models.

Electric cable flooring is only convection, while film and rod models operate on the principle of infrared heaters.

Each variety has its own installation characteristics and restrictions on use. If you decide to install an electric heated floor, choose its characteristics based on what installation method is possible in the room.

Cable electric floor

The use of cable heating has already become a classic. For the manufacture of heated floors, both resistive and more complex self-regulating models are used. The resistive cable can be single- or double-core, and the second option, due to its design features, is used for electric floor heating much more often.

The fact is that the result of the system’s operation is electromagnetic radiation, and the use of a two-core cable makes it possible to somewhat reduce its intensity. Self-regulating models are much more complex than a conventional heating cable. They are able to identify areas where overheating has occurred and reduce, or even completely turn off, the power.

Basic rules for installing cable heated floors

In general, the technology for installing electric heated floors is approximately the same, regardless of which type of floor is used. Using the example of laying a conventional heating cable, we will consider the main stages of this process. The features and nuances that characterize the installation process of other models will be discussed in the relevant chapters.

The installation of any type of electric floor begins with choosing a place to install the thermostat. A recess is made in the wall for the device and wires that will power the system. A conductor for connecting the sensor will also be placed in it.

After this, the floor surface is prepared. Thermal insulating material is laid on the leveled and cleared of debris surface. The heating sections are placed on top and secured with mounting tape.

By the way, using a cable makes it possible to choose the distance between the elements depending on the heating intensity required. For example, along a cold outer wall, sections can be laid at smaller intervals than in more protected parts of the room.

Important: Make sure that the heating wires do not intersect during installation!

After installation is completed, all electrical wiring connections are made. Then the internal sensor is installed. It must be placed inside a corrugated tube. This will protect the device from damage. The tube with the sensor and the connected wire is placed between the heating cable. All that remains is to test the system for functionality. If the resistance of the sections and the sensor corresponds to the data specified in the technical data sheet, then you can begin pouring the cement-sand screed.

After three days, the finishing coating is laid. The heated floor is connected only after the screed has completely dried - no earlier than 28 days. You can install a warm electric floor yourself, installation - the video of which is presented below - is not a very complicated process. The main thing is to follow the instructions given in this video. But if during the viewing process it turns out that you do not have any skills or you lack necessary tools, then use the services of a specialized company.

Heating mats - an option for heated floors under tiles

Warm mats are a variation of traditional cable flooring. They have the same heating element - a cable, but when making mats, models with a smaller cross-section are used. In addition, this flooring is sold ready-made - it is attached to an elastic fiberglass mesh. Most often, mats are used to heat ceramic tile floors.

The underside of the mesh is usually coated with an adhesive composition, which allows you to almost instantly fix the structure. Therefore, the installation of an electric heated floor in this case does not require the use of mounting tape. Once the heating mats are laid out and secured, the necessary connections and testing of the system are made. Then the surface is filled with fixing solution ceramic tiles and lay the finishing coat.

Infrared electric floors

Infrared flooring with carbon heating rods is gradually becoming a strong competitor to other types of electric underfloor heating systems. Only the rather high price limits its widespread use for now. This is the healthiest way to maintain a comfortable temperature in your home. Those who have already installed a rod-based heated floor give mostly positive reviews about it.

Such a floor can be laid even under a surface filled with furniture, and can also be easily moved during use. Carbon rods are not afraid of overheating because they have a self-regulating function. The carbon mat is designed for installation using screed or glue. It is suitable for laying ceramic tiles, but can also be used under other surfaces.

To increase the efficiency of the system, a heat-reflecting film backing is first placed on the floor surface. To ensure reliable adhesion of the glue or screed to the subfloor, special holes are made in the insulation. Electric heated floors are laid evenly over the entire surface. If necessary, the mats are cut in those places where the connecting wire is located into pieces of the required size. After completion of installation and testing work, the surface is covered with a thin layer of cement-sand screed or glue.

The easiest way to install a warm electric floor is a film structure. It does not require preliminary measures to arrange the surface. This floor is laid on a heat-reflecting substrate, and the selected coating is laid on top.

Electric floor control

The system is not only connected to power via a thermostat, but is also controlled using it. This device monitors floor and air heating levels by reading internal and external sensors. Internal sensors are the main ones; they are installed when installing an electric heated floor in a screed or under a covering. Auxiliary sensors record air temperature. They are usually located on the wall.

The simplest thermostat is capable of maintaining a certain temperature in the room: if certain parameters are exceeded, it simply turns off the power and allows the system to cool down. A programmable thermostat for electric heated floors operates more complex scheme. Its use allows owners to set the desired algorithm for heating the room.

Some models have a set of standard programs that take into account the time of day, weekends or weekdays.

They will independently turn on the power before the owners arrive and turn it off while no one is home. At the moment, there are already thermostats that are controlled remotely, via the Internet or a mobile phone. This allows apartment owners to adjust the program if plans change.

Of course, you will have to pay several times more for a thermostat with artificial intelligence than for a simple model. But the costs will be recouped due to the fact that the operation of an electric heated floor will be more rational and energy consumption will be more economical.

Electric heated floor: main and additional heating system

It is possible to use an electric heated floor as the main heating system only if the thermal insulation of the room has been carefully carried out. But even if this condition is met, this heating method is more suitable for areas with warm winters. In more severe conditions it will not be very effective and very expensive.

To maintain a comfortable temperature level only due to a warm floor, its area must be quite large - at least two-thirds of the entire area of the room.

Accordingly, if there is a lot of furniture in the room, the system will not perform its task fully. In addition, a power density of at least 150 W will be required.

Warm floor for heating a balcony

Electric heated floors are popular due to their ease of installation and durability. It also does not require any additional communications other than electricity, so it is successfully used in private construction. Making an electric heated floor is not difficult; its installation does not require special knowledge and takes little time. Let's look at the main steps and important nuances things you need to know when installing heated floors.

Electric heated floors are successfully used in absolutely any type of premises. These can be apartment or private houses, garages, bathhouses or loggias. It is only important to correctly select the power of the system and ensure sufficient thermal insulation. This method can be used as the only source of heating the room. But energy costs can add up significantly.

Types of electric heated floors (ETF)

All options for organizing such systems are divided into three groups.

ETP based on heating wire. The entire system consists of a thermostat, a temperature sensor and a long double-insulated wire that produces heating. This is the cheapest, but also the most labor-intensive option. The wire must be laid out on the base floor and secured in a special mounting tape. It is important to maintain the same distance between the turns of the wire and to avoid kinks and overlaps of the wire.
ETP based on heating mats. This option is more convenient to install, since the wire is factory laid in special reinforcing mats and rigidly fixed to them. You don't need to worry about laying out the wire, just lay out the mats of the required power on the base and connect them. This saves significant time and reduces the risk of error.
ETP based on infrared film. This option is fundamentally different from the previous two. Heating occurs due to infrared healing of the carbon material deposited on the film base. This option does not necessarily require the use of a cement screed; the finishing coating can be laid directly on top of the film. However, this is the least reliable and uneconomical option for ETP.

Comparative characteristics of cable and film heated floors

Signs	Film heating	Cable heating
Utility room	No need	No need
Floor thickness with screed	5-10 mm	50-100 mm
Installation time	1 day	1 day
Ready for use	Straightaway	28 days
Installation options	Floor, ceiling, walls, any surfaces	Floor. Installation on other surfaces is possible, but difficult
Reliability	If even a significant part of the system is damaged, undamaged segments continue to operate	If the cable is damaged in any way, it completely fails.
Repair costs	Minimum	Highs, 100%
Service	Not required	Not required
Freezing in winter	Absent	Absent
Health effects	Positive healing	Neutral subject to high-quality two-core cable
Heat distribution and impact on coatings	Uniform heating	Uneven temperature distribution, there are zones of increased temperature
Zoning		Possibility of organizing separate spot zones
Expenses	Relatively low initially. Energy saving	Relatively low initial, operational - according to the meter

Operating principle of ETP

In the case of heating wire and mats, the conductor is heated under the influence of the electric current flowing in it. The wire heats the screed, which in turn heats the finish coating. Heating occurs by convection.

In the case of using infrared film, heating occurs by thermal radiation of the carbon layer, which occurs under the influence of electric current. This radiation heats the finish coating and objects located close enough to the floor. They heat the air in the room by convection.

Temperature regulation is carried out using a temperature sensor and a thermostat through which the heated floor is connected.

How to choose the required power of a heated floor

Before calculating the power, you need to know whether the room will be heated only with the help of an EHP or whether it will complement the main heating system, creating additional comfort. Each ETP manufacturer indicates in the technical data sheet of its product what power must be selected in each case.

For most rooms, a value of 120-140 W/m2 is selected as a comfortable ETP based on a heating wire or heating mat. If the ETP is made on the basis of infrared film, then the comfortable value is 150 W/m2.

If the room will be heated only by ETP, then the value 160-180 W/m2 is selected for the heating wire or mat, and for infrared film the power should be 220 W/m2.

If you use a heating mat or infrared film, then the power per square meter is known in advance and you just need to choose the appropriate option. If a heating cable is used, the power will depend on the distance between its turns. You need to know in advance the area and shape of the heating surface, after which you will determine the required distance using the tables in the technical data sheet or instructions. Usually it is 10-30 cm depending on the power of the cable.

It is important to take into account the maximum possible load on the building's electrical network, and also to use switching equipment designed for the appropriate load current.

What consequences can result from errors during the installation of ETP?

A common mistake is laying ETP under massive furniture and household appliances. Insufficient cooling of the floor surface can cause the wire to overheat and fail.

Never turn on heating wires or mats until the screed is completely dry. Even short-term activation can damage the heater. Checking the integrity of the laid cable and correct connection is only possible by measuring the resistance. This does not apply to infrared film flooring; it can and should be connected to the network for testing.

Do not bend the wire, do not step on it, and avoid pulling on the wire. All this can lead to damage to the conductor or insulation and breakdown of the entire system. Also avoid damaging the heating film if you are installing an infrared ETP.

Do not forget to monitor the insulation resistance at all stages of work, especially before pouring the screed. The value should not differ from that declared by the manufacturer by more than 10%. If you see a large discrepancy in the values, stop work and locate the area of damaged insulation. If this rule is neglected, then after the screed has dried, you may be in for a very an unpleasant surprise in the form of a non-working ETP.

Do not pour the temperature sensor directly into the screed. Place it in the corrugation, which will be filled with screed. Sensors often fail and if you pour it into the screed, replacing it will require considerable effort.

When installing an infrared ETP, do not forget to insulate the current-carrying parts at the places where the film is cut. Otherwise, the protective equipment will constantly detect the leakage current and turn off the power to your ETP.

Advantages and disadvantages of ETP

The advantages of ETP are:

ease of installation of the structure. This is especially true for heating mats and infrared film. They simply need to be laid out on the base and connected according to the instructions; this does not require any special knowledge;
high reliability and durability. Provided the insulation is intact, the heating wire or mats embedded in the screed have an almost unlimited service life;
high autonomy. ETP does not require connecting the house to the water supply and even works from an electric generator. This allows it to be used in village houses and cottages.

The disadvantages of this heating method include:

relatively high cost of heating a room. EHP consumes quite a lot of power, especially if it is the only heating method;
Due to the relatively low temperature of the floor surface, the air in the room warms up rather slowly. This is relevant if the EHP is the only source of heat and does not operate constantly. For example, in country house in winter;
Since heating elements are prohibited from being placed under massive furniture, global rearrangement of the furniture will not be possible after the work is completed.

Step-by-step instructions for installing ETP

Preparing the base

ETP flooring must be laid on a clean, dry base. It is necessary to cut a groove in the wall for the temperature regulator and wires. Carefully sweep away any accumulated debris.

After this, you need to put a layer of thermal insulation on the base, for example, penofol or expanded polystyrene. If there is a heated room on the floor below, then it will be enough to lay a layer of penofol 5 mm thick. If there is an unheated room or ground under the heated floor, then it is necessary to use polystyrene foam with a thickness of 20 mm to 50 mm, depending on the severity of winters in your area. Thermal insulation is fixed using any adhesive material.

Laying heating elements

Before installation, mark the floor. It is important to highlight those areas that should not warm up. It is important to remember that a distance of 0.5 m must be maintained from walls and large furniture, and a distance of at least 0.3 m from heating appliances, stoves and fireplaces.

If you are installing a heated floor based on a heating wire, then first you need to install the mounting tape. It will fix the turns of the wire and prevent them from moving. Lay the tape over the thermal insulation and secure with dowels.

Attaching the mounting tape

Carefully unwind the heating wire and lay it on top of the thermal insulation and mounting tape, strictly observing the parallelism of the turns and the spaces between them. Secure each turn using fixing tendrils on the mounting tape. The turns of the wire should not overlap under any circumstances. After installation, measure the insulation resistance; it should not differ from the standard by more than 10%.

If you are using infrared film, carefully unwind it along the base, then connect the sheets of film together in parallel. Route the wires to the location where the thermostat is installed.

Installing a Temperature Sensor

If you are installing an ETP based on a heating wire or mat, then the temperature sensor should be located in a corrugated tube. Make a small depression in the thermal insulation layer and place a tube with a diameter of 20 mm in it. Plug one end of the tube tightly with insulation, and bring the other end above the floor level in the same place where the wires will come out.

Place the temperature sensor at the end of the tube and make sure it can be easily pulled back out. This is important for the possibility of replacing the sensor after the floor has been screeded.

If you are using an infrared ETP, you can check it by turning it on, the floor should be warm to the touch.

Filling a heated floor with screed

If you use an infrared ETP, then filling is not required, you can immediately begin installing the finishing coating.

If you use a heating wire or mat, then filling the screed is strictly necessary. It is necessary to fill the cement to a thickness of 30-50 mm. After the screed has hardened, you can begin installing the finishing coating, for example, tiles, laminate or linoleum. The first switching on of the heated floor can be carried out only after the screed has completely dried. Most manufacturers set a complete drying time of 28 days. This ensures that there are no voids around the wire, which will eventually cause the wire to burn out.

Video - Installation of heating mats

Video - Warm floor under tiles

Video - Installation of Electrolux heated floor, cable

Video - Installation of film heated floors

You can provide warmth and comfort in your home or apartment if you use electric floor heating. It is in demand due to the fact that the control system for such a floor allows you to use electricity wisely, and this makes heating profitable from an economic point of view.

Types of electric heated floors

Electric floors are divided into the following types according to which heating element is used:

cable;
film;
rod-shaped

On sale you can find cable heated floors in the form of an ordinary coil, sections and mats, which are made of flexible mesh. Compared to other models, the mats use a smaller diameter.

Electric cable flooring is only convection. Film and rod types are heated using infrared radiation.

Each type has installation nuances and restrictions on use. Depending on which installation method can be implemented in the room, a warm electric floor with the appropriate characteristics is selected. Let's figure out which underfloor heating is better, film or cable, what advantages and disadvantages they have.

Cable electric floor

Quite often a cable is used for heating. For the production of heated floors, resistive and self-regulating types are used. There are single- and double-core resistive cables. The second type is most often used due to its structure. As a result of the operation of the system, electromagnetic radiation occurs, and a two-core cable can make it a little weaker.

The design of self-regulating models is many times more complex than a simple heating cable. They can find areas where overheating has occurred and reduce the supply of electricity or turn off the power completely.

Key points for installing cable heated floors

Regardless of the kind of heated floor used in the apartment, electric or any other type of installation, the installation is carried out almost the same way. Let's look at the main steps using a simple heating cable as an example.

When installing any type of electric floor, the first step is to determine where the thermostat will be located. A hole for the device and a channel are cut into the wall, into which the wires necessary to connect the system and sensor will be laid.

Then the floor surface is prepared. It must be cleared of all kinds of debris and leveled. Next comes thermal insulation. Heating sections are laid out on top of it and secured with mounting tape.

Electric cable underfloor heating allows you to choose any gap between the elements. There are places in the premises where stronger floor heating is needed, for example, near a cold outer wall. In this case, the interval between sections can be made smaller than in the warmer parts of the room.

Under no circumstances should heating cables be allowed to cross during installation.

After installation is completed, the electrical wires are connected. Next, an internal sensor is installed, which should be placed in a corrugated pipe. This will help protect the device from possible damage. A tube with a sensor and a wire connected to it is laid between the heating cable. Now you need to check how the system works. If the resistance of the sections and the sensor matches the data specified in the technical data sheet, you can pour the concrete screed.

The flooring can be laid after 3 days. Only after the concrete screed has completely dried, which will take approximately 28 days, will it be possible to turn on the warm electric floor.

You can make an electric heated floor in an apartment yourself, because its installation is not very difficult. The main thing is to perform all the necessary steps correctly. But, if you are not sure that everything will be done as expected or you don’t have the necessary tools, then you can use the services of specialists in this field.

Heating mats as an option under tiles

Heating mats are a variation of the classic cable heated floor. They have the same heating element - cable. The difference is that in the production of mats, types with a smaller diameter are used. This floor is sold ready-made: the cable is attached to a flexible fiberglass mesh. Most often, such mats are chosen for ceramic tile floors.

The back side of the mesh, as a rule, is adhesive, which is very convenient, as it allows you to almost instantly fix the structure to the surface. Therefore, in this case, the electric floor is installed without using construction tape. After laying and fixing the heating mats, all necessary wiring connections and system checks should be made. Next, the structure is filled with cement mortar and ceramic tiles are laid.

Infrared electric floors

In the underfloor heating market, infrared floors with carbon heating rods are gradually gaining popularity. Its widespread use is currently limited only by its relatively high cost. This option for maintaining the optimal temperature in the apartment is the most harmless to human health. People who use rod-based floor heating most often leave positive reviews about it.

Infrared flooring can be installed even in places where there is furniture, which you can also not be afraid to move during operation. The carbon rods are self-regulating so they never overheat. The carbon mat is installed using screed or glue. It can be laid under ceramic tiles or any other floor covering.

In order for the system to work more efficiently, it is necessary to first lay a heat-reflecting film backing on the floor. Special holes should be made in the insulation, which are necessary to improve the adhesion of the glue or concrete screed to the subfloor. Electric underfloor heating must be evenly distributed over the entire area. Using the existing connecting wire, the mats, if necessary, can be cut into pieces of the required size. When all work on laying and checking the system is completed, the surface can be filled with a thin layer of cement-sand screed or glue.

Film heated electric flooring is the easiest to install. There is no need to carry out preparatory work on the surface arrangement. This type of heated floor is laid on a heat-insulating substrate, and the selected floor covering is laid on top of it.

Electric floor control

The system is connected to the electrical network and controlled using a thermostat. This device monitors floor and air temperature by reading data from internal and external sensors. The main ones are internal sensors. Their installation is carried out in a screed or under the finishing coating during the installation of a heated floor (more details: " "). Additional sensors monitor the air temperature. They are usually installed on the wall.

The simplest thermostat has the function of maintaining a set temperature in the room. When the set values are exceeded, it turns off the power supply, and when the system cools down, it turns it on. More complex design have programmable thermostats. They allow you to set the required algorithm for heating the room. Some models already have several standard programs that take into account day or night, weekends or weekdays.

They themselves are able to turn on the power before the owners come home and turn it off while no one is there. There are models of thermostats with remote control via the Internet or mobile phone. This function is very convenient, because if plans suddenly change, the apartment owners can change the program settings from a distance.

Warm electric floor as the main and additional heating system

In order for the room to maintain a comfortable temperature only thanks to the “warm floor” system, it must occupy a significant part of the floor surface, that is, at least 2/3 of the entire area.

If the room is filled with a lot of furniture, then the system will not be able to perform its task in full. In addition, a power density of at least 150 W is required.

It is more advisable to use such floors as an additional method of heating a room. They are also suitable for heating glazed loggias and balconies, rooms located on the ground or first floor of a building.

The most rational option would be to use electric heated floors in the bathroom. After water procedures, you no longer have to stand barefoot on cold tiles, and it will also eliminate high humidity in this room.

A warm home is the dream of every owner. An efficient heating system in a private house or apartment will help achieve the desired level of comfort. Until recently, residential premises were equipped only with radiator heating.

Electric oil radiators were used as an alternative heat source. They are fire hazardous and consume a lot of electrical energy to operate. Oil radiators, and sometimes stationary water heating, have been replaced by heated floors.

Warm floor is a system of basic or additional heating through electrical cables or pipes with hot water. They are laid and then sealed with cement-sand screed. Both technologies have their advantages and disadvantages. Which heated floor is better to choose?

A water heated floor consists of pipes with hot water, connected into one system and connected to a heating plant or gas boiler. This heating method is often used as the main one for large rooms. It is not suitable for living rooms with an area of less than 20-25 m2.

Its installation in multi-storey residential buildings is associated with technical and economic problems. Any leak in the pipes can lead to flooding of the neighbors below and the dismantling of the entire flooring in the room. Also, additional load on the general house heating network can lead to a decrease in the average temperature of the coolant in the riser or in the house.

Electric floors are more in demand. For apartments, this is the only way to provide additional heating.

Electric floor

It consists of heating cables or mats laid under a "wet" or "dry" coating. The electric floor is connected to the general house energy network.

Advantages

Electric heated floors have a number of advantages that set them apart:

The principle of warm air convection. With radiator heating, heated air is distributed unevenly throughout the room. The batteries have a peak temperature of +60-65°C. At the bottom of the room it drops to +18-20°C, and on the ceiling it rises to +25-30°C. When a room is heated with electricity, the air is distributed evenly. At the surface its temperature is +25-30°C. Rising to the ceiling, it drops to +18-20°C. This achieves main principle comfortable indoor microclimate - warm floors and cool ceilings.
Zoning. If the heated floor is electric, then you can create several separate areas for heating the room. This is important for arranging comfortable recreation areas. The heating intensity is regulated by the number of heating elements laid on 1m2 of surface.

The apartments have radiator heating. Its power must be taken into account when calculating thermal zones.

Versatility. Electric heating is suitable for installation both in apartments of multi-storey buildings and in cottages.
Calculating power comes down to summing up energy costs.
Floor load. The electric floor is laid under a thin layer of cement-sand screed or under gypsum fiber boards. Water - requires a significant concrete flooring, which can overload the floors.
Speed. Installation work on installing a heating system takes less time than a water system.
Safety. The likelihood of an emergency occurring when using an electrically heated floor is much lower than that of a water heated floor.
Programmability. Using remote and stationary control devices, the system’s operation can be set to an economical mode: active heating at night or on weekends; an on-timer that starts the system several hours before the owners arrive. These options will help to integrate heated floors into the “smart home” concept.

Economical. Controversial parameter. If used incorrectly and illiterately, a heated floor will require a lot of electricity to operate. Savings can be achieved if the system is properly configured.

Choosing an electrically heated floor begins by considering two parameters:

power;
heating element type.

Power

This is an important parameter for answering the question of how to choose a heated floor. If the power is not enough, the room will begin to freeze, and “dead” cold zones will appear. If there is an excess of heating, then excess heat will appear and the cost of electrical energy will increase. The number of heating elements per 1 m2 of room depends on several parameters:

Climatic zone. The specifics of calculating all heating systems of residential buildings depend on it. Any territory belongs to its own climatic zone. Power is calculated from this parameter.
Rose of Wind. It indicates which side of the world the windows face.
The thickness and material of the walls, floor and roof of the building. Building materials have a thermal conductivity coefficient. It is used to calculate the heat loss of the entire structure. This parameter is used to determine which electric heated floor is best suited.
Additional thermal insulation. The power is affected by the quality of insulation of window frames and door frames, as well as the presence or absence of an additional layer of insulation on the external walls of the building.
Functional specificity of the room. The heating power varies in the bedroom and kitchen, hallway and loggia.
Temperature. For residential premises normal temperature– +19-23°С. A standard calculation is made for it, but some clients want a higher or lower temperature. This makes adjustments to the final value of the number of heating elements.

The methodology for carrying out a full-fledged thermotechnical calculation requires special knowledge and takes a lot of time. In order to calculate and select a warm floor at home, there are specialized programs. The initial data is entered into them: the area of the room, the height of the ceilings, an additional layer of insulation and its thickness, the material of the enclosing structures and their thickness, the power of radiator heating, the number of windows in the room and their area.

There is a third way - to use the average values of the number of kW required to heat 1 m2 of area in different rooms:

Bathrooms (sole heat source) – 0.13 kW/m2;
Living rooms (in addition to radiator heating) - 0.1-0.15 kW/m2;
Rooms without heating or basements - 0.13-0.18 kW/m2;
Heating of wooden floors – 0.06-0.08 kW/m2;
Floors without cement-sand screed (film heated floor) - 0.1-0.12 kW/m2;
Loggias and balconies (the only source of heating) – 0.13-0.18 kW/m2;
Floors filled with thick concrete screed (the main source of heating) - 0.15-0.2 kW/m 2.

Heating element type

This is a fundamental parameter for the design of the entire system. It determines both the efficiency of heating the room and what material costs will be needed for installation. Electric heated floors are divided into three groups according to the type of heating elements:

cable;
heating mats;
film (infrared).

Cable

This is a structure made of heating wires, a heat-insulating substrate, a heat reflector, a screed or wooden flooring, and a finishing coating. Heating of the surface occurs due to the release of thermal energy from the passage of electric current through a metal conductor.

The maximum heating temperature of the conductor is precisely calculated and should not exceed these values.

There are two types of electrical cables:

resistive. Resistive cable is the cheapest and simplest type of heating element, a good option for installation of heating at low cost.

Resistive cable can be simple or zonal:

A simple cable is a conductor with one or two cores. From the outside it is protected by several layers of thermal insulation in a metal mesh. The average surface heating temperature is +60°C. Insulation protects it from heating up to +200°C.

Single core cable is sold in a fixed length. It is prohibited to connect two ends of different elements with each other, they will burn. A simple cable is connected into a closed electrical system, i.e. the beginning and end of the heating element are at the same point. Two-core cables can be connected to each other.

A simple cable for underfloor heating cannot be cut. It is designed for a certain length and power. If the integrity of the element is compromised, the cable will fail and the entire heating system may burn out.

A zone cable is a more expensive analogue of a simple heating element. It can be cut into small pieces, depending on production needs. Zone cable is suitable for installation in small rooms. The heating temperature of its surface does not depend on the length of the section and is constant.

self-regulating. This is a self-temperature regulating cable. It maintains the temperature, regardless of external conditions. A self-regulating cable consists of two metal conductors in a plastic braid. The cores are connected to each other by special connections. When the cable heats up, the connections are broken and the temperature of the conductor drops to the standard value.

The cable with heating temperature control can be cut into pieces. Its cost is higher than that of a conventional resistive heating element.

There are carbon self-regulating cables. Their cost makes them unaffordable for most consumers.

Heating mats

This is a type of cable system where the heating elements are mounted on a fiberglass base. When attaching a conventional cable, it is difficult to maintain the same distance between rows. Because of this, surface heating may be uneven. In mats there is no such problem. They are easier to attach to the base of the floor, but otherwise the installation technologies are no different.

Important! The mats are suitable for laying ceramic granite, which is attached with tile adhesive.

Film (infrared)

This is a different heating system. It is very different from the previous two. An infrared heated floor consists of a waterproofing film into which a heating element is sealed. There is an option where the film floor consists of a cable (rod). Both types are produced in rolls. How to choose infrared heated floor?

Based on the material from which the heating element is made, infrared floors are divided into:

carbon;
bimetallic.

Carbon fibers are made of carbon fiber. It is sealed in lavsan film. This is a durable, wear-resistant and elastic material. They produce a more expensive version of the film with graphite coating. It gives the material strength and allows you to get the best infrared heated floors in its class.

Electric current is supplied to the carbon fiber through copper conductors. The system can only be connected to the electrical network in parallel.

Carbon heating film can be used to heat walls and ceilings.

Before choosing carbon heated floors, you need to know that they have a high cost. Only rich people can afford the option with graphite coating. Therefore, we need to look for alternative options.

Bimetallic infrared floors consist of polyurethane film and copper conductors with an aluminum sheath. They have a ground wire. This makes adjustments to the technology of its installation.

Film flooring cannot be laid under ceramic tiles. Copper reacts with tile adhesive and oxidizes. The entire system may fail.

Finish coating

It is necessary to choose the right heating element for the specific type of finishing floor covering.

Ceramic granite. A rod, film or cable floor is suitable for its installation. The only negative is that the heat from the cable will go up and down at the same time. To avoid this, between concrete base and a heat-reflecting screen made of foil with insulation is laid using rod heating. The energy is reflected and directed indoors.
Linoleum. A capricious material that, when heated, can swell, change color, or become corrupted. Therefore, the power of heating elements under linoleum is limited to 0.14-0.15 kW/m2. Any film or weak cable floor is suitable for its installation.

With severe overheating, phenolic compounds harmful to the body are released from the surface of linoleum.

Laminate. Reacts poorly to sudden temperature changes. Infrared film is an ideal option for installation under laminate flooring. Heating mats are also used. Installation does not take much time. A protective backing is laid on the film and the laminate is laid. If the heating system fails, the laminate can be easily dismantled, the damage is corrected, and the coating is quickly restored.
Carpet. Material that requires minimal heating. It is laid on an infrared film floor.

If you use an infrared floor as the main source of heating, you will need twice as much electricity as cable heating. Therefore, film flooring is practically not used as the main source of heat.

After a power failure, a thick screed over a cabled electric floor can warm a room using internal heat for several hours. The infrared floor will cool down in a few minutes.

Which is more durable?

Warm floors and electrical components: how to choose an option for many years? The service life of film and cable heated floors is approximately the same. First of all, it depends on the quality of installation. If the floors were laid on an uneven, torn base, then over time the heating elements will fray and the system will fail.

Voltage surges negatively affect the life of electrical components. The more unstable the network, the sooner they can fail. The problem can be solved by installing stationary voltage stabilizers.

Which is more reliable?

Infrared floor is stronger. It is more resistant to damage from mechanical impact. If the cable floor fails, the entire heating system will need to be replaced. Only one faulty section of an infrared floor needs to be replaced.

Video: warm electric floors

The article contains answers to technical side The question is which heated floor to choose. These tips should be followed when developing a plan for the main and additional heating of a room or apartment. You can install the floor yourself without resorting to the help of third parties. The main thing is to weigh everything and choose the most cost-effective option.

Recently, it has become common to install additional heating systems in the house. This role is often performed by warm floors. They allow you to decorate the room more effectively and make being in the room more comfortable. But choosing a specific type of heated floor is quite difficult, because manufacturers present different types of heating systems, including electric heated floors. Each such design provides a certain way heating and has a number of differences. Therefore, it is important to know the advantages and disadvantages of all these types and the rules for choosing them.

Device

Electric heated floors have many design features. So, this whole system includes several main parts. For film models you need to make a special subfloor. In this case, electrical elements such as cables, mats, film heaters are laid on a flat, smooth surface.

A separate element of such a system is the thermostat. It allows you to control heating parameters and independently turn the heating on and off. All heating elements and cables are connected to it, including the ends of the temperature sensors. Electric heated floors are laid under floor coverings, but some structures can be laid on a screed, or you can do without using it, but on a solid base.

Not all models of heated electric floors include thermostats and sensors in their devices. But this option may overheat and malfunction. That is why the best models are those whose device includes two heat sensors and a thermostat. The design of each specific type of heated floor varies, as do its characteristics and cost.

The system also includes a residual current device. This is a device that is designed to protect against electric shock. An electric floor heats due to the formation of heat in the heating wires. The heating elements have a special layer of insulation, which makes the system safer and more stable.

Advantages and disadvantages

All electric heated floors generally have a number of advantages. So, compared to other types of heated floors, they have a fairly long service life and at the same time provide high-quality and reliable floor heating. The floor temperature is approximately 25 – 27 degrees. This indicator is comfortable for the feet.

The heat from electric floors rises slowly and low, uniformly warming the entire floor area. Thus, in There are absolutely no drafts in the room, the temperature is distributed evenly. Another big advantage of electric heated floors is that they do not dry out the air. In a room with heated floors, air humidity is normal and acceptable for human health.

Electric flooring is much easier to install compared to other types. This especially applies to water-heated floors, the installation of which is very difficult and is not permitted in all rooms. In addition, this floor copes well with the function of an additional source of heating for large rooms when there is not enough battery power.

But in small rooms it can also be used as the main method of heating, for example, in a bathroom, in a small kitchen, on a balcony or loggia. Such a floor will be able to heat the air evenly throughout the entire room with a small area. Another big advantage of electric heated floors is that they do not interfere with the interior layout and take up very little space. Floor coverings reliably cover such a system.

The underfloor heating system as a whole is not bulky and quite compact. Electric heated floors do not have a harmful effect on floor coverings. They smoothly transfer heat to it, allowing it to warm up evenly. Thanks to this, you can not only heat the entire floor covering, but also maintain the required temperature of the floor and air in the room.

But now not all heated floors are ideal. Row electric models has disadvantages. So, they are not suitable for installation under furniture, as they can overheat it. Wooden furniture without legs with a solid facade can dry out and lose its former luster. Therefore, it should be laid only after you have decided where what furniture will be placed.

After this, you will not be able to rearrange it, since the covering will already have been laid out and a place will have already been allocated in advance where furniture can and cannot be placed. But in this case, carbon fiber floors on a rod base do not have this drawback. Another disadvantage is that each room requires the installation of a thermostat. On the one hand, this is convenient, since you can adjust the temperature for each room individually, but on the other hand, this is an extra cost.

Another negative quality is that electric floors waste quite a lot of electricity. This can add up to quite a large sum of money, especially considering that they will not replace the main heating in many rooms and thus you will not be able to save money.

How much electricity does it consume?

When choosing a heated floor system, it is important to consider the purpose of the room in which it will be installed. For the kitchen or hallway, models with a power of approximately 110-130 W per square meter are suitable. m. For a private house, especially for its first floor, more powerful models are suitable - approximately 40 W per square meter. m. For a bathroom, it is better to choose models with a power of 150 W per square meter as a heating source. For the balcony you need to choose even more powerful heated floors - 180 W per square meter. m and above. Thus, electricity consumption depends on which room you install heated floors in.

Coatings also differ in energy consumption depending on the type of their structure. Under equal conditions, cable heated floors require a power of 120 W per sq. m. m, and matte - 160 W per sq. m, so the first ones are more profitable.

If such a heating system is installed in damp rooms, you will see an even greater difference between these indicators. A carbon floor is considered the most economical, but this only applies to those cases when it is used as an additional source of heating. This is due to the fact that it has a self-regulation system that prevents electricity from being overused.

Kinds

Based on the type of heating of the room and floor, there are two main types:

Convection warm floor. They can be:

regular cable;
in the form of mats.

Infrared warm floor. They are:

film;
rod (carbon) mats.

As for convection floors, they have a constant heating cable. It is laid in a zigzag manner or in the form of a spiral under a cement screed. Moreover, a distance of approximately 10 cm is left between each turn of the cable. There are resistive and self-regulating convection floors.

Self-regulating models have a rather complex structure. They can independently determine where exactly in the underfloor heating system overheating occurs, automatically reduce the energy supply and turn off the power in this area.

A simpler device has regular heating cable. Such systems are easier to install. They are presented in the following options:

single-resistive;
two-core.

Such floors create electromagnetic radiation, and the two-wire version makes it much weaker. Installing a cable floor is quite complicated, since the cables should not intersect with each other and an equal distance must be maintained between them. In addition, all transitions must be smooth, no kinks are allowed. Floor coverings can be installed on them only 3 days after laying the heated floor.

A more convenient option is mini mats with cable included. They are a ready-made cable, laid out in the required form, attached to thin mats, which is a fiberglass mesh, reminiscent of a thin carpet. This cable is ideally positioned and does not form kinks. That is why such a system is easy to install with your own hands.

The mat is rolled out onto the finished cement screed under the floor covering. It should be especially noted that such mats are very thin. Their thickness does not exceed 4-5 mm, so they are not bulky and do not hide the size of the room. Manufacturers present models in rolls of different widths from 50 cm to a meter and even more. Moreover, the mats have a special base that can be glued by pressing; you do not have to use any adhesives.

When laying to cable warm floor connect a thermostat, temperature sensors and a device to automatically turn off the system. But when laying such mats, some problems may arise. So, in some places the mesh will still have to be cut and the cable carefully laid so that you can lay the second sheet without interrupting it. It is important not to damage the cable and place it at a safe distance of about 5 cm.

The next large group of heated floors is infrared electric floors. They only heat the floor coverings, not the air. That is why they maintain the required level of air humidity and uniform heating of the floor coverings without harming it. This effect is achieved thanks to infrared radiation. But in this regard, a number of buyers are wondering whether such radiation is safe. Many experts claim that it is completely safe for human health, even useful - infrared radiation is even used in medicine.

In addition, experts point out that infrared heated floors ionize the air and make it even more useful. In addition, they do not cause an allergic reaction, as the manufacturers claim.

As for film models, they are thin insulating polyester films of small thickness. They are practically invisible. They are only about 1 mm thick. The infrared heated floor film includes two main layers, between which there is a heating element in the form of carbon paste applied in strips. But there are also better and more expensive models in which the paste is applied in a continuous layer.

Carbon paste conducts heat well and therefore quickly converts electricity into infrared waves. Copper conductors are located along the edges of the film, which make it possible to evenly distribute electricity on heating elements. The bottom layer is a reflective heating pad that allows heat to be directed upward to warm the floor rather than the ceiling of the neighbors below.

The top of such a floor is covered with polyethylene, which allows for a greenhouse effect. Thanks to this, the heat is distributed as evenly as possible. This thin floor heating option is perfect for thick floor coverings such as laminate or board. But when such a system is installed under thinner coverings, for example, linoleum, then manufacturers recommend additionally installing a plywood layer.

The infrared floor has the following operating principle: electricity comes from the thermostat through wires that are connected by special terminals to sheets. An important and difficult task will be the correct joining of contacts, which will allow achieving ideal heating of the floors. The contacts on the edges of the infrared film are tightly clamped and brought to the desired side.

If during installation you pinch this wire or rotate it incorrectly, the system will quickly burn out and will not last more than a year. That is why when installing such a floor, it is better to contact an electrician or follow his instructions.

Infrared heated floors are the most versatile of all electric and heated floor options. It is perfect for installation under any floor covering, from natural parquet to warm fleecy carpet; you can put any rugs on it.

In terms of thickness, infrared heated floors are the thinnest compared to other types of floors. A huge advantage of this type is that when installing such a floor, a concrete screed is not required. It can be easily laid out under the finishing material for the floor. In addition, it is now planned to install infrared heated floors even on walls and ceilings. That is, this option can even replace the main heating.

Separately, the flexibility of such a system is noted, which opens up wider possibilities for planning and interior design of the room. Film infrared floors can be installed independently, especially since manufacturers present models that have special markings. It is at this point that the coating can be cut for further joining.

But this type of heated floor also has some negative qualities. So, when installing it in concrete, you have to wait a long time, sometimes this period reaches a month, since it is necessary to wait for the completion of all the chemical processes occurring in the screed.

Infrared floors do not have the highest heating temperature. This is due to the fact that they are designed for installation under natural surfaces such as wood. That is why they do not overheat above 28 degrees. If overheated, many coatings can deteriorate or become deformed.

In addition, a feature of the installation of such warm floors is that they require a smooth and even surface. This is due to the small thickness of infrared heating systems.

Rod carbon the floors are an equally interesting design. Their bases are made of carbon, which has high level heat transfer. It converts electricity into infrared heat. The rods are connected parallel to each other. Moreover, this is one of the most reliable floor heating systems, because if one of the rods is damaged, the rest will not be affected.

It is believed that the rod carbon floor is the most durable and can last more than 50 years. The big advantage of this variety is the self-regulating system of the rods, thanks to which you can achieve ideal temperature control. The system itself increases the heating temperature in those parts of the room where there may be drafts, for example, at the entrance, or, on the contrary, reduces the power near radiators and other sources of main heating.

You can easily place any piece of furniture on such systems without worrying that they will be damaged over time. There is also reflective material underneath, which allows heat to be directed upward. They can fill almost the entire area of the room.

Some classify electric heating systems as water models that operate using an electric boiler. The boiler is often installed directly on the heating system pipeline.

Which to choose?

When choosing a warm floor, it is necessary to take into account its characteristics, since different floor coverings are suitable only for a certain type of such systems. Thus, laminate has low thermal conductivity, but it heats up quickly. A film is often installed under it, but at the same time a lot of electricity is spent on such heating, since the floor will need to be kept on at all times so that it does not cool down.

As for the tiles, they take longer to heat up, but at the same time retain heat well after turning off the heating system. Therefore, a warm film system is perfect for it, which can first warm up this coating and then turn it off, significantly saving energy costs. But laying any heated floor under ceramic tiles is quite difficult, since if they subsequently crack, the heating system may also be damaged. It is better to place a fiberglass reinforcing mesh under it.

For new premises, a cable warm electrical system is more suitable, since, as a rule, only rough finishing is done in them before moving in and therefore you can install the base yourself and save significantly, for example, on the purchase of mats. Thus, you can make a cement screed yourself, but at the same time it will remove a few centimeters from the height of the room. But it will retain heat better and distribute it evenly over the surface. This way the floor will release heat more slowly.

The characteristics and method of installation of a warm electric floor are only suitable for a certain coating. Thus, the cable system is installed in a wet cement screed and is perfect for ceramic tiles, porcelain stoneware, natural stone and laminate. It is also suitable for installation under linoleum, wood and textile floor coverings.

The cable with thermal insulation boards is laid under a dry screed. Choice in favor of this warm system should be done if you want to lay ceramic tiles, porcelain stoneware, natural stone, laminate or wood. An acceptable, but not ideal option is linoleum.

As for film flooring, carbon models are perfect for laminate and parquet; installing an electric plank floor under carpet and linoleum is also acceptable. They are mounted on a dry screed. The film floor in the form of mats is placed under the tile adhesive. This system is perfect for installing ceramic tiles, porcelain stoneware and mineral stone. Laminate, linoleum and textile coverings, and in some cases also wooden coverings are acceptable for it.

The core film floor is laid on a wet cement screed. You can choose it if you want to make flooring from porcelain stoneware, ceramic tiles, natural stone or laminate.

For different rooms

Rooms with different purposes require installation different types warm floors. It is necessary to calculate the thermal power required for each specific room. In this case, it is better to purchase models with power reserves. The height of the ceilings must also be taken into account. If they are higher than 3 m in the room, then you should select heating elements with a power of more than 150 W per square meter. m.

For the most ordinary rooms, for example, living rooms, if you are installing a screed on the floor, it is better to select a cable or rod electric heated floor. For bathrooms, it is better to choose models with higher heating power. Moreover, most often a floor covering in the form of porcelain stoneware is installed in the bathroom, so a core heating system is most suitable for it. Cable underfloor heating is also acceptable. If you do not plan to install a concrete screed in the room, then the floors can be matched to laminate, linoleum or carpet, which are most often used in the bedroom or nursery. For such rooms, a film heating system is most suitable.

Calculation and installation

Before installing a warm electric floor, it is necessary to calculate the area and power of the floor system. First of all, you need to decide on the required heating power, depending on what role you assign to the floor heating. If it is necessary to ensure comfort and walking barefoot, then a floor with a power of 150 W per 1 square meter is perfect for this. m, but if this is not an additional, but a main heating system, then you need to select models with a power of about 200-220 W per sq. m. m. Depending on the purpose of the room, the calculation will also differ.

In the bedroom you need to heat approximately 180 W per square meter. m, and in the bathroom - at least 200 W. The heating rate for a living room is 150 W per m2, but if it has at least two external walls, then select heated floor options with higher values.

When calculating It is important to consider where you install such a warm floor. If there is another apartment below you in a panel house, then the minimum acceptable indicators will be sufficient, but if there is a cellar, basement or other unheated room or ground below, then you need to select models with powerful heating. The floor installed on the balcony or veranda should have even greater power, especially if these rooms are not heated.

The power of an electric floor is also calculated from the area of the heated room. But the calculation should be made by subtracting from total area premises are those areas where furniture will be located. That is why, before installing heated floors, it is necessary to plan and calculate where the furniture will be placed and subtract this area from the total. It is also better to retreat a few centimeters from all walls, and this should be taken into account when calculating the area.

After this, it is necessary to calculate the total power for heating the floor of all rooms. You need to multiply the resulting area by the power required for this location. But with such calculations, the figures will turn out to be very impressive; do not be alarmed, this does not mean at all that you will spend exactly that much electricity. You will periodically turn off heated floors, especially for self-regulating models, which, by automatically turning off, allow you to save energy.

If the main heating system works well in the room and thermostats are installed along with the heated floor, then the floor will consume about a third of the power you previously calculated. That is why, when installing heated floors at home, it is important to pay great attention to thermal insulation, which will subsequently save energy consumption.

The installation of heated floors varies depending on certain features. So, for some systems, you first need to install the screed and install them there “on the wet side”, and place the floor coverings on top. This installation option is suitable for cable heated floors, which have an additional layer of waterproofing and insulation.

The next option is to install an electric floor on top of the screed. In this way, the floors are prepared for further laying of porcelain stoneware. This is an excellent installation option for apartments located on the second floor and above. The simplest option for installing an electric heated floor is to install the system directly under the covering. This method is only suitable for film electric floors. This is the fastest and easiest option, which saves time and saves you from major work on creating a concrete screed. This method is suitable for laying under linoleum or laminate. A layer of foamed polyethylene is laid on the existing screed, and then it is covered with foil. You can also install a layer of waterproofing on it, and only then install film electric floors. All these methods have their own specifics and features.

But before carrying out installation work, it is necessary to clearly draw up a plan for arranging furniture in the room, plan where the heating elements and controls will be located. When installing, try to move away from the main heating sources, such as radiators, fireplaces, radiators. It is important to correctly determine the installation method and carry out all the necessary calculations before proceeding to the direct installation of the heated floor system.

First you need to choose a location for the thermostat. It is better to place it closer to the outlet on the wall. The thermostat can be overhead. Its installation is very simple, but at the same time it will be clearly noticeable. More complex and reliable is the installation of a built-in thermostat. It is built into a special mounting box in order to hide it from prying eyes. This way you can hide it from pets and small children who might accidentally press the button.

For a mortise thermostat model, special holes are made in the wall and, first of all, a box is installed where it will be placed. You need to supply power there and insulate the ends. After this, you need to lay a groove towards the floor in a downward direction and place the wires there for further installation of the electric floor. Temperature sensors are carried out using corrugated pipe. The groove must be placed not only on the wall, but also on the floor, at least 50 cm in length from the wall. The sensor is located in this place, and the corrugated pipe makes it safe and simplifies the process of its subsequent replacement. A sensor is installed in this place, attached to a wire through a mounting box. The edge of the corrugated pipe must be covered with a foam plug or sealed with electrical tape so that the solution does not get there during installation.

Sensor installation is complete. After this, you need to connect the wires to the terminals on the thermostat according to the instructions on the back of the thermostat. Then you can proceed to connecting electric floor heaters - cables. They connect to the terminals on the back of the thermostat. After this, you should connect the wires responsible for the power supply. This part of the work should be performed by a knowledgeable electrician, since this way you can avoid mistakes and protect yourself.

Upon completion of all this work, it is necessary to check the system for operability and stability and turn it on for a certain period of time. After this, you can pour the screed, lay the tiles, or even immediately lay the laminate or parquet board if you are using heated film floors.

How to ground?

Grounding an electrical floor is an important process because every electrical appliance poses some kind of hazard that needs to be dealt with. In addition, water can often spill on the floor, so electric heated floors must be grounded. This is especially true for wet rooms, such as a loggia, bathroom, kitchen. To do this, it is necessary to select heating elements that will be enclosed in a high-quality protective shell. In addition, it is necessary to additionally connect the ground to protect the electrical coating.

It is better to carry out this procedure in all rooms, since not all heating elements have a protective metal shell. So, for grounding, a metal mesh is laid on top of the heating elements on the electric floor. It must be connected using wires and connected to a special protective bus. Such a mesh, in addition to its protective function, will additionally make the floor more rigid and reliable, especially since electrical systems are thin. The metal mesh also allows you to evenly distribute the load on the floor covering.

When installing heated floors in a private house, it is necessary to make additional contours. It is necessary to install grounding with a depth of 1.5 - 2 m. There should be jumpers between them at an equal distance of about 1 m. This way you can protect yourself and your household from accidents and make heating the house safer.

Control

Electric floors can be controlled using a special device called a thermostat. It determines the connection of the system to the electrical network. With its help you can control the temperature of the floor itself and the air in the room.

The main role in control is played by internal sensors. They are installed in the screed or, in the absence of one, under the topmost covering during the installation process. Other sensors determine the air temperature in the room. They are not installed on the floor, but most often on the wall.

Manufacturers offer different electric floor control panels and simplify the complex process of interacting with this system. So, the simplest is electronic-mechanical regulator, which only involves adjusting the heating temperature and has a button to turn off the electric floor. You can increase and decrease the temperature by hand using the rotating wheel. Such a thermostat greatly simplifies control; anyone can handle it. In addition, there are much fewer cases of failure of such a system.

Digital thermostat involves more complex and total control of this system. It is a panel with buttons or touch controls. Additionally, it has a special control unit with electrical sensors, which collects all the necessary information about the air and floor temperature and transmits it to the thermostat.

The following type of controls is programmable thermostat. It is the latest among such systems. It allows you not only to exhibit different temperature conditions for all rooms, but also to change the temperature of different areas within one room. They can be controlled not only manually, but also remotely using a smartphone while leaving home. This way you can control the heating even when leaving the house.

All of these electric floor control panels can fit into different interiors, and some of them are more and some less noticeable, everything will depend only on your decision.

Among the control systems there are also simple thermostats, which allow you to constantly maintain a predetermined temperature in the premises. When the values you set decrease or increase, it turns on or turns off the electricity, thereby independently maintaining the desired temperature in the room.

Some models of thermostats require the installation of one of the programs that can take into account the time of day, as well as whether it is a weekend or a weekday. Such smart control systems can turn on heating in right time until the owners return home and turn it off when no one is home. But the modes can be easily configured manually if your plans change. Thus, control systems for heated electric floors are interesting and diverse. They allow you to make its use more convenient and simpler.