Municipal budgetary general education
institution - secondary school No. 5
Class hour on the topic:
Classroom teacher:
Class hour on the topic:
"Kuban Cossacks during the Great Patriotic War"
Event progress:
I. Presentation "Kuban during the Great patriotic war»
II. Kuban Cossacks during the Great Patriotic War
III. Christmas "Requiem"
IV. The song "The Kozachens whistled"
V. Teacher's words
VI. The exploits of the Kuban Cossacks during the Great Patriotic War
Brothers Drozdov
Brothers Ignatov
VII. Teacher's words
VIII. Song "Soldiers"
IX. Teacher's words:
I. Presentation "Kuban during the Great Patriotic War"
II. Kuban Cossacks during the Great Patriotic War
The Great Patriotic War demanded unprecedented sacrifices and suffering from the people. It was the most difficult of all the wars that the history of our Motherland knew. At the same time, it was also the heroic period of this history. The great goal of defending the Fatherland gave birth to great energy. Enforcement forces arose, full of unparalleled courage and selflessness. The unfading feats of the Soviet people committed at the front and in the rear, in the struggle for the honor, freedom and independence of our Motherland will never be forgotten and will live forever in the memory.
The second summer of the war with Nazi Germany turned out to be very difficult for our country. German troops broke through to Voronezh, Stalingrad and the North Caucasus.
When the flames of war raged, together with the entire Soviet people, cities and villages, farms and auls rose to defend the Motherland Krasnodar Territory. Anger and hatred for the vile enemy, an indomitable desire to do everything to defeat him filled the hearts of the Kuban people. Like an alarm bell, a battle wedge sounded:
Get up Kuban! People's anger
Burley, rage, rage, boil.
Call for mortal combat with the enemy
Their sons are brave, bold.
Get up Kuban! Kuban, get up!
Death to the enemy pack brutalized!
III. Christmas "Requiem"
Oh why are you red sun
You're all leaving - don't you say goodbye?
Oh, why from a joyless war
Son not coming back?
I will help you out of trouble
I'll fly like an eagle quickly
Respond, my blood!
Small, the only one.
White light is not nice
I got sick.
Come back, my hope!
my grain,
my little dawn,
My goryushko
Where are you?
IV. The song "The Kozachens whistled"
V. Teacher's words:
The battle for the Caucasus is one of the brightest pages in the history of the Great Patriotic War. As you know, the Nazi troops launched an offensive in this direction in the summer of 1942. The enemy rushed to the inexhaustible natural and other riches of the Caucasus. He sought to seize his oil regions, which by that time gave the country a decisive share of all oil and oil products. He sought to capture one of the richest granaries of our country - the grain-growing regions of the south Russian Federation, and above all its pearl - Kuban. The enemy expected that with the capture of the Caucasus, Turkey would move from a wait-and-see position to direct military operations against Soviet Union and at the same time, opportunities will open up for fascist Germany to expand aggression in the direction of the Near and Middle East. Thus, the struggle for the Caucasus was of vital importance for our Motherland, and the struggle itself took on an extremely fierce character.
The German fascist hordes hung over the south of the country, and a powerful new wave of patriotic movement arose in the Kuban. Ten months of active action continued. During this period, the troops advanced with battles almost 800 km and liberated from the Nazi invaders a huge territory - 200 thousand square meters. km.
The enemy brought innumerable disasters and devastation to the North Caucasus. For about two years the flames of war raged on its territory. The battle for the Caucasus went down in history as an example of the courage and valor of the heroic people in the struggle for their independence. The names of our countrymen are inscribed in golden letters in the history of the Great Patriotic War.
VI. The exploits of the Kuban Cossacks during the Great Patriotic War
On the day Volodya Golovaty died, there were seventeen boyish
years. Short but bright was the life of a young hero. Volodya arrived in Krasnodar in 1939. with parents.
Volodya was fond of youth work, in high school football, volleyball, photography. He had the ability to win people over. Under normal circumstances, he was modest, shy, hardworking, purposeful, not very noticeable.
Immediately after graduating from school, Volodya began working at the Krasnolit plant.
In August 1942 Krasnodar was captured by the Nazis. Hungry prisoners of war behind barbed wire, shooting at people on the streets, robbery - everyone saw it Soviet people in my city. I saw Volodya Golovaty and his friends, who did not have time to leave the city with units of the Red Army. On his initiative, an underground group of seven people was created. Underground workers rescued and sheltered the wounded of our army, distributed reports of the Information Bureau.
During the raid of Soviet aircraft, when the Germans hid in bomb shelters, the guys set fire to the fuel depot. The workshops in which the fascist tanks were being repaired also took off.
At the end of January 1943 The Nazis were on the trail of the underground. Volodya Golovaty was arrested by the Gestapo. He was tortured, hoping to get meeting places, lists of underground workers. But the young hero did not give up.
The body of Volodya Golovaty was found in the ditch after the liberation of Krasnodar. It showed signs of torture, his hair turned gray. Volodya pressed a three-year-old girl to his chest, covering her with his coat from the cold at the hour of death.
In honor of Volodya Golovaty, Yarmarochnaya Street was renamed Golovaty Street, a memorial plaque was installed on the facade of the building of secondary school No. 42, where Volodya studied.
Brothers Drozdov
All the brothers of the working family of the Kuban, railway workers were members of the Leninist Party. From a young age, the middle member of the Drozdov family, Mikhail, connected his life with the revolutionary labor movement. Member of the RSDLP since 1902, he was the founder of one of the first social democratic circles in the Kuban. Under his leadership, the first strikes of railway workers took place, Mikhail Drozdov, a working turner of the Yekaterinodar railway depot, brought up many staunch revolutionaries.
For active participation in the revolutionary movement, Mikhail Drozdov languished for eleven months without trial or investigation in the Ekaterinodar prison. Then seven years of exile to Irkutsk, to the Alexander Central...
Mikhail Drozdov after October revolution he heads one of the Red Guard detachments, then, during the period when the White Guards occupy Ekaterinodar, he participates in the partisan movement. Mikhail died by August 1918 near Gelendzhik.
Filipp Drozdov bravely fights against the White Guards - Kornilovites and Denikinists. In incredibly difficult conditions, through the sultry Astrakhan steppes, he leads caravans with weapons and ammunition to Mozdok. He was not even thirty when, in the same 1918, an enemy bullet struck him near Astrakhan.
For several years, older brother Nikolai Drozdov was a messenger at the station. He independently learned to read and write, and became a railway telegraph operator. In 1901 he was drafted into the army. For organizing a rally in December 1905, the military court deprived N.
A. Drozdov of non-commissioned officer rank and sent him to correctional convict departments for a period of five years.
After graduation civil war Nikolay Drozdov was at trade union work. In 1942, he tragically died.
Contributed to the establishment Soviet power on the. He is one of the first deputies of the Yekaterinodar City Council and secretary of the executive committee. Subsequently - the red military commandant and commissioner of the Yekaterinodar railway station. In 1922, Pyotr Drozdov was a delegate from the Kuban-Black Sea party organization to the XI Congress of the RCP (b).
Petr Andreevich successfully completed the courses of transport engineers, proved to be an outstanding organizer. In 1930 he was brutally killed by bandits in Grozny.
The memory of the heroic family lives on. The beautiful Palace of Culture of the railway workers in Krasnodar bears the name of Mikhail Drozdov today. A memorial plaque has been installed on the house number 12 on the former Vokzalnaya Street, where the Drozdov family lived. In the locomotive depot of Krasnodar, where Mikhail Drozdov worked as a turner for many years, a commemorative marble slab with his photograph was installed. At the request of the public, the Krasnodar City Executive Committee decided to rename Vokzalnaya Street to the Drozdov Brothers Street.
Brothers Ignatov
A few years before the start of World War II, the family of Peter Karpovich and Elena Ivanovna Ignatov settled in Krasnodar. In their youth they lived in Petrograd, participated in revolutionary movements. Pyotr Karpovich and Elena Ivanovna fought in the civil war near Tsaritsyn and on the Don.
The Ignatovs had three sons - Evgeny, Valentin and Genius. By 1941, the 25-year-old senior engineer Yevgeny already had his own family. He worked as a designer at the Glavmargarin plant. Medium - Valentin served in the Red Army, and Genya moved to the 9th grade, he was 16 years old, .. When the Great Patriotic War broke out, Valentin Ignatov defended his homeland on the western border, then fought with the Nazis in the Crimea.
The enemy was rushing south, into the depths of the North Caucasus. There were fierce battles in other sectors of the Soviet-German front.
The entire Ignatov family joined the partisan detachment commanded by Pyotr Karpovich Ignatov. Changing from time to time the location, the detachment delivered tangible blows to the enemy. Particularly much attention was paid to sabotage on the railway and highways near the Severskaya station, in the areas of the villages of Novodmitrievskaya, Afinskaya, Smolenskaya, and Krymskaya. Brothers invariably participated in daring sorties. Ignatov - Evgeny and Genya.
The brothers died a heroic death while performing one of the combat missions. In October 1942 they intended to lay mines under the railway bed, paralyze traffic in the area of the village of Georgie-Afipskaya, and at the same time blow up a large military echelon of the enemy. But it turned out that the echelon would pass much earlier than expected. In the darkness of the night, when there was no time left for a more thorough preparation of the explosion, the brothers, just before the approach of the heavily laden train, rushed to the train. Without agreeing, both of them threw grenades into the "wolf mine" in order to cause its detonation. An explosion of terrible force thunders. A steam locomotive, wagons are flying down a slope ...
Yes, the price own life the Ignatov brothers thwarted the enemy's plans to deliver reinforcements to the Novorossiysk region, destroyed a lot of military equipment, as well as enemy manpower. For this feat they were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
M
Mikhail Kornitsky - our fellow countryman - was born in 1914 in the Goryach - Klyuchevsky district. He studied at school, was an active member of the Komsomol, worked at the Krasnodar saddlery factory. On the eve of the Great Patriotic War, his cherished dream came true: he was drafted into the Navy. Krasnoflotets Kornitsky became a class specialist, junior sergeant - squad leader.
From the first days of the war - at the front. At first, he fights with the enemy at sea, and then Kornitsky is enrolled in a special-purpose landing detachment, commanded by Major Caesar Lvovich Kunikov. Here, on the eve of the Little Land Operation, Mikhail was admitted to the party.
Naval landing of the Kunikhovites on the night of February 3-4, 1943. landed on Myskhako near Stanichki, seizing a bridgehead on the move and gaining a foothold in the immediate vicinity of Novorossiysk. The department of junior sergeant Kornitsky burst into the territory of the fish factory with a swift throw, throwing the Nazis out of here.
Developing the offensive, the Chernomorians captured the three-story Skoda building. Junior Sergeant Kornitsky and his comrades blew up several tanks. On the only escape route for the Red Navy, a large group of Nazis was waiting, hiding behind the school fence. It was then that Mikhail Kornitsky made a heroic decision: at the cost of his life, give his comrades the opportunity to get out of the enemy ring. With a bunch of anti-tank grenades, the communist Kornitsky, making his way under the curtain of fire to the fence, rushed into the thick of the enemies. The explosion scattered the Nazis. The Chernomorians escaped from the encirclement. The junior sergeant was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
dear to us, the Kuban people, as well as the names of warrior-heroes who gave their lives for the liberation of the Kuban from the fascist invaders.
The name was given to the Novorossiysk school, near which he accomplished his immortal feat. Streets and pioneer detachments bear his name, And the trawler "Mikhail Kornitsky" plows the distant seas and oceans. The bust of the Hero was installed at the Krasnodar leather goods factory, in the homeland of Mikhail Kornitsky - in the village of Suzdalskaya, a memorial plaque was erected to him.
For the inhabitants of Krasnodar, the morning of August 9, 1942 was perhaps the most dramatic. All night long, artillery cannonade thundered over the city, enemy bombers literally hung over the railway and highway bridges, over the (Pashkovskaya, Kozetskaya and Maryanskaya) ferry crossings. Cotton industrial facilities were put out of action.
At dawn, on the northwestern outskirts of the city, at the intersection of Lugovaya Street and Barracks Lane, a military truck stopped. A tall soldier in a wet tunic jumped to the ground and hurriedly unhooked a cannon from the car. With great difficulty, he deployed it with a barrel along the alley and began to bring shells to it. He dragged and dragged steel ingots. Two guys came running, things went more fun. When about fifty shells were stacked in two piles, the soldier drove the car around the corner. He returned, wiped his sweaty forehead with a cap.
Thank you, brothers... And now - get out of here... The soldier rushed to the cannon. Before the boys had time to scurry past the nearest gate, the first shot caught fire and drove the armored car to the side, and the second blew the motorcycle.
When a tank appeared at the end of the alley, the driver-gunner bent over, hiding his ungainly body behind a shield, with short breaks fired three times at the tank. Then, jumping into the cab, the truck jerked off towards the tank. The windshield of the car shattered with spray, the car was thrown across the road. A soldier got out of it. He stood up to his full height and in the next moment collapsed on his back.
Residents of nearby houses buried him. The grave was dug under the poplars, near the warped cannon. Its bottom was lined with grass, covered with an overcoat. On the board, someone drew with an indelible pencil: “Here lies a Russian soldier from Ivanovka.” On shreds of the Red Army book it was indicated that the deceased was born in the village of Ivanovskaya
After the liberation of Krasnodar from the invaders on February 12, 1943, the remains of the unknown soldier were reburied with honors at the military cemetery in a mass grave.
The name of the soldier-hero was established later as a result of a painstaking search.
The man who shook the hearts of many people with his feat was a thirty-two-year-old tractor driver from the village of Ivanovskaya, Krasnodar Territory, Stepan Dmitrievich Perederiy. In his youth, he was an activist in collective farm construction, one of the first in the Kuban he mastered driving a tractor. From the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, he fought as part of the units of the South-Western Front.
Petr Iannuarievich Seleznev was born in the village of Timashevo in the Kuibyshev region in 1897. At the age of eighteen, he joins the ranks of the Bolshevik Party. For underground revolutionary activity he was sentenced to hard labor. During the period of preparation and implementation of the October Socialist Revolution, he was the organizer of the Red Guard detachments, Soviet bodies in the Samara province.
During the fiery years of the civil war, he was active in party political work in the ranks of the Red Army, being an instructor in the political department of the 15th Army on the Western Front. his industriousness, deep knowledge of party affairs, bravery and courage in battles with the White Guards won the love and respect of soldiers and commanders. Since 1920, at leading party work in Samara, Orenburg, and Moscow. From 1935 he worked as a deputy head of a department of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, and from February 1939 until the last days of his life
Pyotr Iannuarievich Seleznev was the first secretary of the Krasnodar Territory Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In this post, he contributed a lot for the development of the national economy of Krasnodar and the entire Krasnodar Territory. As a member of the Military Council of the North Caucasian Front, chief of the Southern Headquarters of the partisan movement, during the Great Patriotic War, one of the organizers of the struggle of the workers of the Kuban against the Nazi invaders.
was repeatedly elected to the Supreme Soviets of the USSR and the Russian Federation. For outstanding services to the Motherland, he was awarded two Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree and many medals.
VII. Teacher's words:
I wish you, dear, dear
Do not see the destructive war.
But suddenly it happens, they will say their word
And the army will rise again
Kuban our glorious sons!
VIII. The song "At the dawn of the Cossack watered the horse"
IX. Teacher's words:
I am a history teacher.
Fascists got hot baths in our Kuban
I'm talking about this guys
Always say
And I adore the defenders of the Motherland.
Yes, the ground was on fire. The metal was torn.
Only to the death of a soldier in the Kuban stood.
Obelisks are proof of this, tanks.
Aircraft. Weapons, human remains.
I send children to museums and archives.
I visit fraternal graves with them.
Do not let us forget the bloody wounds
For several years now, after school, the boys,
Like their great-grandfathers, grandfathers,
To protect the country
They go to Chechnya to go to war, to go to war.
My children do not shame
Honor our Kuban.
They receive orders and medals.
Yes, I pay attention to the topic of war.
Those who fell, I remember a moment of silence.
moment of silence
Ministry of Education and Science of the Krasnodar Territory
State budget professional
educational institution Krasnodar Territory
"Ventsy-Dawn Agricultural College"
class hour
Subject: " KUBAN DURING THE WAR »
group
181-t
classroom teacher:
Svetlichnaya Ludmila Sergeevna
Lecturer in natural sciences
Svetlichnaya Ludmila Sergeevna
v. Venets
2015
Preface.
In the context of the formation of civil society in Russia, the main goal of education is to form a professionally and socially competent personality capable of creativity and self-determination in a changing world, with a developed sense of responsibility and a desire for creation. In this concept, education is understood as a purposeful and systematic activity of secondary special education organically related to education. educational institution, focused both on the formation of socially significant qualities, attitudes and values of personality orientation, and on the creation of favorable conditions for a comprehensive harmonic, spiritual, intellectual and physical development, improvement and creative self-realization of the personality of the future specialist.
The value-semantic core is the civic-patriotic education of students. Raising love for the motherland, pride in their country and its citizens. The development of these qualities is of great importance for the development and the most important tool for the spiritual and moral development of the individual.
This event requires some preliminary preparation. It is required to design an audience according to the topic class hour choose the musical arrangement of the event. Collect documentary materials. Provide technical support class hour. In the preparation to actively involve the students of the group. To write a letter to a friend in the shape of a triangle, provide students with sheets of paper.
Event plan
Subject: " KUBAN DURING THE WAR»
Target: Introducing students to the great historical events our Motherland. to acquaint with historical information about the war in the Kuban.
Tasks: formation of respectful attitude to the history of the native land, veterans, WWII education of patriotism
Conduct form: Classroom hour.
Location: audience.
Time spending: extracurricular.
Equipment: class hour script, information support, posters for decorating the audience.
Class hour script KUBAN DURING THE WAR»
Presenter 1: War... pronounce this word - and terrible pictures arise in our imagination. The Great Patriotic War lasted 1418 days and nights...
The war entered every family, brought severe trials and suffering, the bitterness of loss of relatives and friends.
How difficult it was to survive, to provide the army with everything necessary for the Victory! Victory at the front largely depended on success in the rear. At the enterprise, both old and young went out into the field, forged weapons of victory, grew bread.
Figures, facts, events confirm that the Kuban people are heroic. 469255 fellow countrymen incl. 2952 women did not return to their loved ones, friends, relatives, loved ones.
Like millions of Soviet people, they remained on the battlefields from the Volga to the Elbe, from Stalingrad to Berlin.
The ashes of 61,557 dead Kubans rest on the territory of 36 states of near and far abroad. To our deep regret, we know the names and surnames of only half of the brave who died.
War.. it will not be erased from the memories of those who were trusted to fight. And we, the descendants of the victors, know, remember, honor? ... in the history of mankind, unfortunately, there are many wars, large and small. This will later be the Kulikovo field for History. Borodino, Prozhorovka. And for a Russian soldier, this is all his native Russian land. You need to stand up to your full height, and go on the attack, and die in an open field under the Russian sky. This is how the Russian people fulfilled their duty from time immemorial, the duty of the defenders of the fatherland...
We remember those who paid an exorbitant price in the name of our Victory, we remember the living and the dead, and first of all, those who are destined by nature to continue life.
Atrocities of the Nazis on the Kuban land
Host 2: Of course, you all know that the war did not bypass ours either. small homeland Kuban. On February 12 of this year, we celebrated the 65th anniversary of the liberation of Krasnodar from the Nazi invaders.
Having occupied most of the regions of the region, the Nazis tried to win over the Cossacks to their side. For 6 months they managed to form several detachments with a total number of 800 people. Having been defeated in "flirting" with the local population, the Nazis began to act with particular cruelty. For one German killed by partisans, up to 40 hostages were shot. In Krasnodar, the occupiers for the first time began to use gas chambers, with the help of which they tortured more than 6,000 people, in the villages of Mikhizeeva Polyana, Farsk, all residents were burned alive. From the territory of the region, 130,581 people were taken to Germany, including 81,089 women, 38,022 children under the age of 16.
Malaya Zemlya
Presenter 3: Here is not a monument, but simply in holes,
exactly lace, all through
a wagon island crippled by war.
He's hurt, he's cut
mangled at random.
If it happened to iron,
how did the people here have to!
The most fierce battles took place in the defense of the Kuban cities of Novorossiysk, Tuapse, in the Crimean and Abinsk regions. The great feat of mercy was performed by medical workers in Sochi, returning 336,000 wounded and sick soldiers to service. For the liberation of the city of Novorossiysk in February 1943, troops were landed on the left bank of the Tsemess Bay. 225 days on a tiny piece of land called Malaya Zemlya, or bloody battles during which 30,000 enemy soldiers were destroyed. 21 small-land warriors were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, 6268 fighters and commanders were awarded orders and medals.
For courage, heroism, selflessness shown by soldiers and residents, Novorossiysk was awarded the title of "Hero City" and the Order of Lenin. In addition, the city was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, I degree, as well as the cities of Sochi and Tuapse.
. The role of youth in the war
Host 2:
The sky over the Kuban was black,
oil swirled hellish blizzard,
boys without military rank
fought on the Kuban coast.
With skinny (behind fragile shoulders)
duffel bags collected at home,
in caps, in short jackets,
with heavy rifles in hand
hot august day
the boys were under fire.
Not heroes, not giants,
under the pressure of frenzied attacks,
falling to the yellow slopes of clay,
three days passed like this...
The lads of the militia were dying
A stone's throw from familiar streets.
They were scared and hurt...
But they could not do otherwise.
They went great and
School from home is not far away ...
…The waters run in a whirlwind,
the old coast of the new new life,
and grows with quarters immortal
cute Krasnodar boys.
And you look that there, where the dam
asphalt-filled rushing way
a monument will be erected by a giant
a boy with a rifle in his hand.
In the prewar years, the Komsomol organizations of the Kuban quite effectively engaged in the patriotic education of young people. This is confirmed by the mass impulse of young men and women who voluntarily went to the front to defend their homeland from enemy invasion.
Already in 1914, in the first days of the war, more than 82,000 Komsomol members of the Kuban, half of the regional Komsomol organization, went to fight the enemy. 952 Komsomol members fought against the invaders in partisan detachments.
The school became the center of patronage. The Timurovites paid special attention to the families of front-line soldiers and war invalids.
Students worked in hospitals, holding concerts, caring for the wounded, repairing wards. Schoolchildren also made a great contribution to the collection various kinds secondary raw materials.
They collected non-ferrous and ferrous metals, bottles for incendiary liquid. During the war years, teachers and schoolchildren of the region collected 112 tons of medicinal raw materials necessary for the treatment of wounded and sick soldiers. They raised funds for the construction of nominal tank columns and air squadrons. At the end of 1944, 40 Kuban teachers were awarded orders and medals for selfless work during the Great Patriotic War.
Kuban pioneers also contributed to the victory over the enemy. On the heroic Malaya Zemlya, Vitya Kovalenko, Kolya Tkach, Zhenya Borabash fought as signalmen, and Vitya Chalenko and Vanya Savinov fought in the marine battalion. All of them were awarded orders and medals, but unfortunately, they did not live to see the Victory.
For helping the partisans, he was buried alive in the village of Kavkazskaya - Fedya Tokarev, Shura Belik was burned alive, Zhora Erosko was hanged, Lenya Taranik was shot near Goryachiy Klyuch, Zhenya Popov in Maikop, Katya Solovyanov in Anapa, Vitya and Lena in the village of Bryukhovetskaya Golubyatnikovs, in Krasnodar - Volodya Golovaty.
Russian soldier
Presenter 1: Nikolai Masalov, our countryman, walked many kilometers along the roads of war. He saw a lot of blood and tears on these roads. And here he is in the very heart of Germany - at the walls of Hitler's Berlin - the enemy capital.
After a hard fight, there was a lull. Suddenly, the soldiers heard a child crying. Nikolai Masalov rushed to help the child. The Nazis opened a terrible fire. But the soldier forgot about death. He crawled towards the bridge. There was a little girl crying.
The whole world knows about this feat. In Berlin, in Treptow Park, there is a monument to a Russian soldier. He has a German child in his arms.
Presenter 3: Terrible reprisals against the civilian population of the Kuban were carried out by the Nazis during the days of occupation in 1942-1943.
For the first time in the history of the war, it was in the Kuban that the fascists used their barbaric invention - a gas chamber machine. They were large trucks with a covered body. Poison gas entered the body through a special pipe, and after 10 minutes people were dying of suffocation. So in the Ust-Labinsk region, the Nazis destroyed 320 sick children. They were herded into a car straight from the hospital, wearing nothing but shorts and T-shirts. They closed the doors of the “gas chamber” and released lethal gas.
The Nazis deliberately and with particular cruelty destroyed children. After all, children, that is, you, are our future. If there are many children in the country, it means that the country lives, will live and prosper. And this was not part of Hitler's plans.
Mother Glory City
Host 2: So they call Timashevsk. Here is the only memorial museum in Russia that tells about tragic fate mother Epistinia Feodorovna Stepanova. The war took away her most precious thing - her sons: Alexander Sr. and Alexander Jr., Nikolai, Vasily, Philip, Fedor, Ivan, Ilya, Pavel ... The postman came to her house nine times with funerals. And now, nine silver fir trees grow near the Mother's monument - nine lives of her sons. A monument from the word memory - to remember and never forget.
Presenter 1: Today we remembered, and maybe even learned about some of the events of the war. About the events of the war years concerning our native land. And I suggest you write a letter to a friend - a very small one - a few words.
“Now I know what war is. War is…” - please continue the sentence!
(blanks for an essay can be made in the form of letters from the war years - triangles. Writing time - 3-4 minutes.)
In conclusion, I would like to say: “Mankind lives by preserving traditions,” wrote our Krasnodar poetess Nadezhda Tananko. There is such a tradition among our people. It's called a moment of silence. It is held in memory of the dead - standing and silent. Let us, following this tradition, honor the memory of the heroes of the Great Patriotic War with a moment of silence.
People, as long as their hearts are beating,
Remember at what price happiness is won!
Conclusion.
Years, decades pass, and few living eyewitnesses and participants of that terrible war. But we the next generations left a memory. We must not forget and not remember those heroic pages in the history of our people, our region. A person comes into this world for creation, creativity, love. Love for family and friends, love for the Motherland, big and small. Earth is a beautiful world among its neighbors, which humanity has received as a gift. But until now, explosions rumble here and there, people die.
Can't we save for future generations what our ancestors saved for us, paying an exorbitant price for the blue sky above our heads. No! We will not allow this terrible disaster in our homes. We will forever honor the memory of our fathers and grandfathers.
Used Books
Chetunova N., Bobrovskaya E. Soviet patriotism and Soviet literature // Soviet book. 1946. No. 2.
Poltoratsky V. Andrey Platonov at war Platonov A. There is no death! Stories. M: Soviet writer, 1970.
Ortenberg D. Facets of Courage Literary Russia. 1973.4 May. D. Guy, V. Snegirev “Invasion. Unknown pages of an undeclared war, Moscow JV IKPA, 1991;
Soviet Military Encyclopedia Moscow Military Publishing 1976;
Correspondence trip to the places of military glory of the Krasnodar Territory.
Purpose: 1. to acquaint with historical information about the war in the Kuban;
2. formation of a respectful attitude to the history of the native land;
3. fostering a sense of patriotism for the Motherland.
Download:
Preview:
Class hour
Theme "External travel on the map of the Krasnodar Territory to the places of military glory"
Target: to acquaint with historical information about the war in the Kuban;
formation of a respectful attitude to the history of the native land;
Raising a sense of patriotism for the Motherland.
Student Preliminary Work:search for historical material, a creative literary task in poetic form, dedicated to historical facts that took place in the Kuban during the Second World War.
Equipment: multimedia presentation.
Lesson progress:
Introductory speech of the teacher:
Guys, what do you mean by the word Motherland? (student answers)
And what meaning do you put into the word patriot, patriotism? (student answers).
A patriot is a person devoted to his fatherland, to his people, ready for any sacrifices and deeds in the name of the interests of his Motherland.
And there is a time when this term is applicable to every person living in their own country and especially sharply manifests itself, its meaning - this time is war.
War... pronounce this word, and terrible pictures arise in our imagination. The Great Patriotic War lasted 1418 days and nights...
The war entered every family, brought severe trials and suffering, the bitterness of losing loved ones.
How difficult it was to survive, to provide the army with everything necessary for the Victory! Victory at the front largely depended on success in the rear. At the enterprise, both old and young went out into the field, forged weapons of victory, grew bread.
Figures, facts, events confirm that the Kuban people are heroic. 469255 fellow countrymen incl. 2952 women did not return to their loved ones, friends, relatives, loved ones.
Like millions of Soviet people, they remained on the battlefields from the Volga to the Elbe, from Stalingrad to Berlin.
The ashes of 61,557 dead Kubans rest on the territory of 36 states of near and far abroad. To our deep regret, we know the names and surnames of only half of the brave who died(slide)
Kuban - your cup has not yet spilled,
Enemies have not yet touched the wealth.
The fascist has already set off to burn our villages.
Your fields were trampled by boots!
By July 1942, when the war came to the land of the Kuban, every fifth inhabitant of the region had left
to the front. Of the volunteers, more than 90 fighter battalions and three Cossack formations were created - the 50th separate cavalry division, the 4th Kuban guards cavalry corps and the Krasnodar plastunskaya division.
Those leaving for the front were given an order: “Again you took up the blades and sat on the war horses,
in order, as in previous years, to defend our land, our Motherland from the enemy. We believe you and are proud of you - you will faithfully fulfill the military oath you have taken and return to your native villages only with victory ... And if any of you have to give up your life to your native land, give it up like heroes ...(slide)
At the end of June 1942, the Nazis launched an offensive in the direction of the Volga and the North Caucasus. In the course of stubborn fighting, the Nazis managed to occupy almost the entire territory of the Krasnodar Territory by the beginning of September, with the exception of the cities of Sochi, Tuapse, Gelendzhik and
areas adjacent to them. The occupiers, who first tried to present themselves as "liberators" of the Cossacks and the Caucasian peoples, tortured and killed 61 thousand Kubans, about 32 thousand young men and women were driven to hard labor in Germany. Here, the SS-10A team committed atrocities with the probe, and gas chambers were used for the first time. About 6.5 thousand residents of the region went to the partisans. The activities of 73 detachments were led by the headquarters of the partisan movement, headed by P. I. Seleznev. A wide network of underground unfolded. Partisans and underground workers provided serious assistance to the Red Army, destroyed enemy manpower and equipment.(slide)
- The students of our class found and prepared for us a small historical background about the fighting of the partisan detachment called "Resolute", which operated in our city of Timashevsk (at that time, the village of Timashevskoye).
(Student report) (slide)
The defeat of the Nazis near Stalingrad created the conditions for the liberation of the North Caucasus. Bloody battles broke out on the 110-kilometer Blue Line.« The Nazis called the blue line the defensive belt in the lower reaches of the Kuban. At this turn were built: 577 closed firing structures, 37.5 km. minefields, up to 500m wide, with a density of 2500 mines per 1 km., 87 km. of wire fences, 12km. forest blockages, here for the first time the enemy used a powerful trench defense. The center of this section was a height of 121.4 m. The assault on the height began on May 26, 1943. Hundreds of planes, tanks, mortars mercilessly threshed this long-suffering land around the clock. It was the main node of resistance. The enemy defended desperately. Along with the ground battle, dynamic air battles unfolded. Up to a hundred planes were in the air at the same time. The largest air battle took place here, in the sky of the Kuban, on the Hill of Heroes.(slide)
In the spring of 1943, one of the largest air battles took place in the skies of the Kuban, in which more than 2 thousand aircraft took part. The Nazis lost 1100 aircraft. 52 Soviet pilots were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Among them A. I. Pokryshkin, former student of the Krasnodar flying club. In the sky of the Kuban, he shot down 20 enemy aircraft. The appearance of Pokryshkin, which terrified the Nazi pilots, was always accompanied by the cry of observers on the air: “Attention! Attention! Ace Pokryshkin is in the air!”(slide)
When you dreamed of flying a plane
I did not think that these childhood dreams
Incarnate in reality, and you will become a pilot
And you will look at the Earth from above.
Yes, only, this Earth is flooded with blood,
The enemy wants to destroy it completely
And a lot of Germans have already been shot down by you -
Your duty to the Motherland was clear to everyone!
In Krasnodar, for the first time, the invaders began to use gas chambers with which they tortured more than 6,000 people; in the villages of Mikhizeeva Polyana and Farsk, all residents were burned alive. From the territory of the region, 130,581 people were taken to Germany, including 81,089 women, 38,022 children under the age of 16.
And in the Crimean region there is one memorable place - this is the former farmstead Zapadny-2, located not far from the village of Troitskaya. The students of our class found historical material that tells about the terrible events that took place in this place, about the resilience and heroism of the inhabitants of this farm (student report) (slide).
The liberation of the region was completed during the Novorossiysk-Taman operation. After 30 years, the memory of the heroes of the battle for Novorossiysk was immortalized with the "Gold Star". For the liberation of the city of Novorossiysk in February 1943. troops were landed on the left bank of the Tsemess Bay. For 225 days, bloody battles took place on a tiny piece of land called Malaya Zemlya, during which 30,000 enemy soldiers were destroyed, 21 small-earth warriors were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, 6,268 fighters and commanders were awarded orders and medals(slide).
You fought desperately, bearing losses,
Surrounded by German troops.
You defended your honor without asking for anything,
You fought steadfastly for Russia.
This small piece of native land
Dear to the heart of any soldier.
And so they were able to survive, to survive -
The world of Kuban is a holy reward!
After the expulsion of the Nazis, the restoration of the destroyed economy began. In 1943-1945. the government allocated 110 million rubles. The workers of the Urals came to the rescue,
Georgia, Dagestan. Already in the autumn of 1943. the main railway lines operated in the region. In 1945, the output of gross industrial output amounted to 1/3 of the pre-war level. Kuban again became the largest grain-producing region. The victory over fascism went to the Soviet people at a high price. The Kuban laid the lives of almost 500,000 of its daughters and sons on the altar of Victory. Eternal memory to them! 356 Kuban soldiers were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and E. Ya. Savitsky, T. T. Khryukin, V. A. Alekseenko and V. I. Kokkinaki were awarded this title twice. About 40 participants in the war were awarded the Order of Glory of three degrees(slide).
War.. it will not be erased from the memories of those who were trusted to fight. But do we, the descendants of the victors, know, remember, honor?... In the history of mankind, unfortunately, there are many wars, large and small. This will later be the Kulikovo field for History. Borodino, and for a Russian soldier, this is all his native Russian land. You need to stand up to your full height, and go on the attack, and die in an open field under the Russian sky. This is how the Russian people fulfilled their duty from time immemorial, the duty of the defenders of the fatherland...
We remember those who paid an exorbitant price in the name of our Victory, we remember the living and the dead, and first of all, those who are destined by nature to continue life(slide).
Final word from the teacher:
Guys, today our entire class hour was devoted to the patriotism of our people during the Great Patriotic War in the Kuban, we visited places of military glory in absentia, honored the memory of the dead, all those who gave us the opportunity to live in a free country.
What conclusions can be drawn from all of the above?
Let the sky be bright blue
Floats over my Motherland!
Fields, forests - everything is native here.
I am a patriot of my land!
“Class hour in class 4 “B” On the topic: Our fellow countrymen during the Great Patriotic War. Objectives: to acquaint students with the events that took place in the Kuban during ... "
Class hour in 4 "B" class
On the subject: Our countrymen during the Great Patriotic War.
Objectives: to acquaint students with the events that took place in the Kuban during
the time of the Great Patriotic War; developing feelings of compassion, gratitude
to the defenders of our Motherland; develop respect for veterans.
Guys, today we want to start our class hour with the words of the Kuban poet
Viktor Podkopaev (Slide number 1)
Today we will talk about a very serious topic, about the time when the Great Patriotic War became the most difficult test for all the peoples of our country, when the question of life and death was decided not only for our native Kuban, but for the whole country. From the very beginning, the war on our part had a just defensive character and ended with a victory over the fascist invaders.
Tell me, did our village fall under hostilities? What about our region?
The war engulfed the whole country, our entire region. How the occupation took place in the Kuban, about what part our fellow countrymen took part in this war, we will find out today.
1. The teacher's story about wartime. (Story to the music of "Holy War")
Guys, when did the war start?
On June 22, 1941, at 4 o'clock in the morning, on Sunday, German bombs and shells hit Soviet cities and villages. In the harsh years of the war, all the people stood up to defend their homeland. All countries and our country, native Kuban, chose the main motto at that time: “All for the front, all for victory!” (Slide #2)
Our compatriots - Kuban managed to grow an unprecedented harvest, harvested at a rapid pace for the defense of the region. The brave sons of the Kuban fought both in their native land and far from their beloved cities and villages. But, no matter where they fought, everyone knew that he was protecting both our entire vast country and our fatherland: the Kuban golden fields, clear rivers, gray mountains.
Many glorious pages were written by the Kuban people in the history of the Great Patriotic War.
Stubborn resistance to the enemy at the very beginning of the war was provided by the defenders Brest Fortress. Among them are Ptr Gavrilov, whose name is one of the streets of the regional center, and many other Kubans. (Slide number 3) The Kuban also fought heroically in the battle for Moscow.
In the spring of 1942, the Nazis launched a powerful new offensive in the south. The enemy has approached the borders of our region. In the battles for the Kuban, the fighters of the 4th Kuban Cossack Cavalry Corps distinguished themselves.
(Slide No. 4,5) In the Red Army, soldiers and commanders began to be called to fight the way the Kubans fight: to beat the enemy, to defend every inch of land, as the Cossacks do. But the Cossacks failed to push back the enemy. Terrible days of occupation and terror came to the Kuban. The Nazis established a brutal regime, punished for the slightest offense, forced to work for the new masters, for Germany. In the Kuban, the Nazis wanted to carry out the so-called "Caucasian experiment". They promised freedom of religion, the revival of Cossack liberties and much more. In fact, the Nazis wanted to capture the Kuban, and then capture the entire Caucasus.
Guys, why do you think?
The Kuban is the granary of our entire country, we have many minerals, a rich natural resource, a unique place - two seas, and the Nazis needed oil, food, which Germany needed, to establish contact with the Turkish army.
(Slide number 6) In August 1942, the city of Krasnodar was captured. On August 6-9, a “Sonderkommando” was sent here to exterminate people in the “gas chambers”.
What do you know about these events?
60-80 people were placed in cars at the same time, and people were killed in 8-10 minutes. So 7 thousand people were destroyed.
In these terrible months, such a poster appeared. (Slide number 7) There are such terrible pictures of the past in our history. How hard it was for civilians: the elderly, women and children. All who could hold a weapon in their hands stood up against the enemy. 86 partisan detachments were created in the region.
Guys, do you know who the partisans are?
Partizan - a member of the people's armed detachment, independently operating behind enemy lines.
The most famous detachment under the command of Peter Karlovich Ignatov. His sons - Evgeny and Gennady, very young guys - died during a sabotage on railway. In this sabotage, 500 German invaders died at once. And they died on October 10, 1942, it was my father's birthday. In March 1943, they were awarded the titles of Heroes of the Soviet Union, as our country was then called. Streets and libraries are named after them. (Slide number 8) Six months later, when the enemies invaded the city, after 186 days, deliverance finally came.
On February 12, 1943, the city of Krasnodar was liberated. (Slide number 9). 61 thousand people on the territory of the region were tortured in the dungeons of the Gestapo.
A monument to the victims of fascist terror was erected in Krasnodar.
(Slide number 10)
This is how civilians fought. And how did the soldiers fight at the front.
2. Acquaintance with the heroes of the war.
Ltchik - Alexander Ivanovich Pokryshkin.
You see a portrait of the famous pilot A.I. Pokryshkin.
How many planes did Pokryshkin shoot down?
What was on the radio when Pokryshkin took to the air?
D. Sviridenko will tell us a little about his life.
(Slide number 11) Alexander Ivanovich Pokryshkin was born in 1913. The family lived in Krasnodar on Sedina Street. In his youth, Sasha read a lot, he devoted all his time to self-education. But my favorite pastime was sports. From childhood he dreamed of being a pilot. Even before the war, he entered the military school.
As soon as he graduated, he received a referral to a fighter regiment, where he met the Great Patriotic War. He received such combat training that from the very first days of the war he could compete with the German aces.
His combat prowess was especially pronounced in 1943.
A message came to the division: German bombers, accompanied by 12 fighters, were approaching our positions. At this time, Pokryshkin and his fighting friends were in the sky. A battle began in which 8 enemy fighters were destroyed. Pokryshkin himself shot down 4 of them. The pilots of the German bombers flying behind did not turn back, but decided that the Soviet fighters would leave for refueling, and they would freely drop their deadly cargo onto our territory. But Pokryshkin urgently called into battle the squadron of Captain Glinka, which, like a tornado, flew into the enemy and destroyed all enemy aircraft.
Pokryshkin came up with the "Kuban bookcase". The point was that our planes entered the battle at different heights and in turn approached the enemy from the side of the sun. In these battles, victory was always on the side of our fighters.
A.I. Pokryshkin made 600 sorties during the war, took part in 156 air battles and personally shot down 59 enemy aircraft, 20 of them in air battles in the Kuban. (Slide number 12) Along with men, Kuban women entered the fight against the invaders.
The amazing story of the 46th Taman Air Regiment, in which only female volunteers served. This regiment was in Taman. (Slide number 13)
E. Ablemitova will tell us about the air regiment.
Who was the commander of the regiment? (Slide number 14)
Which of our countrymen fought in this regiment? How many sorties did she make?
Gamzaeva E. will tell us about the life of E.A. Zhigulenko (Slide No. 15) Zhenya was born in 1920. Childhood and youth were spent in the city of Tikhoretsk (map). Here she studied, went in for sports, jumped from a parachute tower. After leaving school, Zhenya enters the Moscow Airship Building Institute and at the same time studies at the Central Aeroclub. The girl volunteered for the army and asked to be sent to the women's aviation regiment. Together with the air regiment she returned to her native Kuban.
Participated in the liberation of the city of Novorossiysk. When our amphibious assault landed in Kerch, on the territory occupied by the Nazis, Yevgenia Zhigulenko helped the paratroopers: she and other pilots dropped ammunition and food on a tiny piece of land. She spent three years at the front. (Slide number 16) After the war, Evgenia served in aviation for another 10 years, then worked in the city of Sochi. And then she graduated from the Institute of Cinematography, became a director and made a wonderful film about her front-line girlfriends.
This film was called - "In the sky" night witches ".
Teacher. After all the ordeals that fell to the lot of the Kuban, the long-awaited day of liberation from the Nazi invaders has come. And it happened on October 9, 1943. 470 thousand Kuban died defending our homeland.
During the war years, many feats were accomplished by soldiers and civilians. In every city, village, on a farm, military operations took place. 4 years of a terrible war did not pass without a trace. In every city, farm there is a monument to the warrior-liberator. And everyone has their own story.
I would like to end our class hour with the words of the Kuban poet V. Podkopaev, already familiar to us. (Slide number 17)
1) Reading an excerpt from the poem by V. Podkopaev “It will never be forgotten”
The poem is read by Gomozov S.
The history is not all covered by the eyes of books and films ... The guys who did not know the war, look at this monument.
The son of the invincible Motherland, the brother of epic heroes, smelling of gunpowder and smoke, stands on Soldiers Square.
Soldier. Hero. Liberator.
He is kind to friends.
He is strict with his enemies.
Here he stepped out of the heat of battle.
Here he saw the distance.
And all passed in a cruel fire, Shed sweat and blood in battles ...
To him for this - a tribute to descendants:
Flowers and eternal love!
2) Reading the poem "And for you and for me" (Pryadchenko A.) We must remember the feat of our soldiers. Respect the veterans who are left behind
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Development of a class hour dedicated to the 75th anniversary of the liberation of the Kuban "The glory of the Kuban does not fade - traditions live"
During the classes:
Introductory speech of the teacher
75 years have passed since the liberation of the Krasnodar Territory from the Nazi invaders and the end of the battle for the Caucasus. Time moves inexorably, there are fewer and fewer names of witnesses of that time. Children were born, after the war they already became adults, they had children, grandchildren, and the war is gradually becoming a thing of the past, becoming a page of history.
Today we dedicate our lesson to the memory of our countrymen who fell on the battlefield. Surviving home front workers, widows, children of war.
Sounds like a declaration of war
Sounds recording of the song "Get up the people's war"
What happened, tell me the wind?
- What a pain in your eyes.
Doesn't the sun also shine, or the grasses in the meadows wither.
Aren't the stars so sparkling
Maybe the birds' voices are quieter
Aren't more girls dreaming
Happiness scarlet sails.
- How anxiously the planet groans
How gloomy silence hangs
What happened, tell me the wind
Is this a war
On June 22, 1941, at 4 o'clock in the morning, fascist Germany treacherously attacked the Soviet Union without declaring war. To implement the plan of attack and destruction of the USSR, under code name"Plan Barbarossa".
Thus began the Great Patriotic War, which lasted 1416 terrible days and nights.
Vocabulary work. (Guys, you heard the new phrase "Plan Barbarossa" - this is a plan for the complete destruction of the USSR. The plan began to be developed by order of Hitler in December 1940).
Millions of Soviet citizens at loudspeakers, with anxiety and pain, listened to the words of the message about the beginning of the war. At the same time, a broad volunteer movement developed. The people of the most different ages, including those not subject to conscription, turned to the military registration and enlistment offices with a request to send them to the front.
The initial period of the Great Patriotic War was a real national tragedy for our country. The losses were huge. The territories of Belarus, Ukraine, the Baltic states, parts of the Russian Federation, including the North Caucasus, were occupied by invaders. The country has lost many sources of raw materials, thousands of enterprises. The human losses were enormous. In order to get out of the most difficult situation, it took the utmost exertion of forces, the exceptional courage of the people. Our people went to victory through the bitterness of terrible defeats and retreats, countless human sacrifices, hardships and hardships.
During the war, all Soviet people lived according to the principle “Everything for the front! Everything for the Victory! They worked every day for 12-14 hours a day. Behind the machines were women, old people, children. By the middle of 1942, the vast majority of industrial enterprises had mastered the production of artillery shells and mines, grenades, mortars, machine guns, as well as equipment and uniforms for the Red Army. The bread grown and harvested in the summer of 1941 went to the defense fund.
The Nazis managed to occupy 40% of the territory of the Soviet Union, which was more than 1.5 million square kilometers, with a population of more than 80 million people.
During the occupation, the Nazis destroyed and plundered 1710 cities and towns, burned more than 70 thousand villages and villages. They destroyed, in whole or in part, about 32 thousand industrial enterprises, destroyed 65 thousand kilometers of railway tracks. No country in any war had such losses and destruction.
At the cost of incredible losses, our compatriots defeated the fascist hordes.
German soldiers could kill any inhabitant on the first suspicion. 6 million people were driven into slavery in Germany. Half of them died in German penal servitude. The war claimed 27 million lives.
During the war, the Kuban visited both the deep rear, and the front line, and the theater of military operations.
At the beginning of the war, the Kuban people widely supported the patriotic impulse of the Soviet people to create volunteer units. In just one month, 17,000 applications from volunteers were submitted to the military registration and enlistment offices of the Krasnodar Territory, of which 4,000 were from women. During the war years, every fifth inhabitant of the Kuban went to the front.
Workers, employees, collective farmers gave their money savings to the defense fund. By May 1942, 56 million rubles had been collected.
All this help helped the soldiers of the Red Army to drive the Nazis from their native land.
The Krasnodar Territory did not manage to avoid occupation. In July 1942, the immediate threat of occupation by the Nazi invaders of the Krasnodar Territory was determined. In the face of danger, the workers of the Kuban began to evacuate the population to safe areas of the country, exported valuable equipment from industrial enterprises, tractors, combines, grain, as well as oil, gasoline, and kerosene. Hundreds of thousands of cattle were driven into the depths of the Caucasus, and what could not be taken out was securely hidden or destroyed.
The battle for the Caucasus began on July 25, 1942.
During the Great Patriotic War Soviet people breastfeeding for the defense of our beloved Motherland.
The partisans disabled fascist equipment, destroyed the enemy's manpower, damaged telephone lines, and stole cattle and horses from the fascists. They took an active part in military operations.
On February 12, 1943, Krasnodar was liberated.
On October 9, 1943, the Krasnodar Territory was completely liberated.
Choked cannonade
Silence in the world
On the mainland one day the war ended
We will live, meet the dawn,
Believe and love!
Just don't forget it
Just to not forget.
This is a memory, believe me, people
All the earth needs.
If we forget the war
War will come again.
