Risk.
Our life consists of constant risk, but most of us do not fully perceive this concept.
Human brain good at many analytical aspects, such as pattern recognition and the nuances of social interaction, but our brains are known to not fully process statistics and probability theory.
So, people who are afraid of flying on airplanes prefer to drive cars, although, on average, according to statistics, they would have to fly every day for 4,000 years to have a 100% chance of getting into a plane crash.
Car accidents happen much more often, and the fact that information about them is not fully reported in the media, like about plane accidents, does not mean that driving a car is safer. There are about 32,000 car accidents per year in the United States.
We are afraid to let our children go to school on a school bus, although according to statistics (for the USA), 3 deaths per year occur related to a school bus, while about 600 accidents occur every year from children being transported to school in their parents' cars.
We fear shark attacks, but your chances of being killed by lightning are 100 times greater, and the risk of dying in a car accident is 630 times greater than the risk of being killed by lightning.
So how much risk do we take from mountaineering compared to other activities?
The list below is in "micromort" units, which is a rate of one death in a million. All values in this table have been converted to micromorts per day values so we can compare the risk in mountaineering to other activities.
The scale is also graphically presented in units of measurement. The micromort is a relatively new unit of measurement that was introduced in the 1980s and can also be used to measure the risk of death.
The micromort was invented by Stanford University professor Ronald A. Howard at the end of the 20th century. 1 micromort means the probability of death is 1 in 1,000,000. Micromorts are used by insurance companies and sociologists to calculate the probability of death of a person.
For every hour of your life, you accumulate approximately 1.63 micromorts. Per day - about 39. There are activities for which “bonus” micromorts are awarded, such as smoking, drinking alcohol, living near a nuclear power plant, playing extreme sports, etc.
Of course, you will say that there is a huge difference in risk between, for example, skiing and trekking. Yes it is. And these same difficulties in identifying risks arise in each of the activities presented here.
But each value in these summaries was taken from publicly available official sources and includes different aspects of risk (these data were taken from http://utahavalanchecenter.org/), for example, the risk of getting into a motorcycle accident includes both riding a sports car. bike, and riding a moped in the countryside.
Also in the statistics, at the very bottom of the list, is given for clarity the risk of death for simply getting out of bed every morning.
Well, at the very top of the list is the most risky activity, no matter how shocking it may sound - Himalayan mountaineering at altitudes above 8000 meters.
Of course, it is worth noting that the first steps in mountaineering made a huge contribution to this fact, during its formation and development of the rules and techniques of climbing, when climbers tried everything on themselves... and often such tests, of course, ended in death.
The graph shows risk values on a logarithmic scale - for the convenience of depicting risk values, since the huge difference between the upper and lower values does not allow them to be compared on a conventional linear scale.
12.10.18 36 219 28
Lots of risk, lots of money
An industrial climber is someone who cleans skyscraper windows, installs advertising, works with lighting and metal structures at a height of many meters.
Mara Chulkina
former industrial climber
I did some of this work.
I’ll tell you how the work of a professional worker works and how much you can earn with such a profession.
Who is promalp
Industrial mountaineering, abbreviated as “promalp”, is a technology for performing work at heights, where there is and will not be any support.
An industrial climber uses conventional mountaineering equipment: ropes and cables, safety system, descenders, carbines and other things needed for safe work at height. The list of equipment and tools is standard, but the techniques for using them may differ depending on where the person works and what he has to do.
8000 R
average cost of promalpa equipment
In any city there is usually a job that only an industrial climber can do. For example, high-rise buildings have areas with a negative overhang and complex terrain, simply hard-to-reach places at high altitudes. Where it is impossible to lower a person in a “cradle” or on “scaffolding”, a promalpa is invited. You can, of course, use special equipment that will lift a person to a height, but this usually costs more than hiring a team of climbers.
The work always involves the risk of falling or injury, so only trained people are allowed to do it.
What work does a promalp perform?
The list of works is huge. Here's an example (this is just a part).
Washing windows and walls: There are separate orders for washing the walls of a high-rise building. Sometimes it is necessary to wash stained glass windows in business centers and office buildings, shopping galleries. Vertical glazing at the ends of industrial buildings or in the area of staircases in residential buildings also needs to be cleaned sometimes.
Installation and dismantling of advertising: banners, billboards, light boxes or letters. If the advertising area is large, then the contractors have to mount it on the wall piece by piece and wash it if it gets dirty during installation. And all this while suspended on a rope, without support.
Working with lighting: you need to install lamps, change burnt out lamps, hang garlands of light, decorative and festive elements.
Cleaning and painting everything that is on top: buildings, beams, trusses, communication masts, towers, bridges, trellises and so on.
Sealing joints in buildings: attention is required both to old structures that need to be patched up and insulated, and to new ones, where this work is carried out after the frame has been built.
Snow removal, ice and icicles from the roofs.
Welding and assembly of structures. Welding at height - the most complex look work for the promalpa. This is necessary when you need to assemble or strengthen an advertising structure, secure fire escapes, or weld small parts into place.
Working on tall trees: pruning and removing branches.
Inspect everything listed above: in what condition, how long will it last, what to do to make it better.
Sometimes there are non-standard orders, for example, to paint the facade of a building or to congratulate a person through a window, but this is rare.
Risks and safety rules
Quality in work is the default condition, and for industrial workers the most important thing is safety. It concerns everything: equipment, inspection of the work site, access to the roof, organization of insurance, securing tools, hanging over the edge, the work itself on the descent and assembling all the equipment. Now, in order.
The equipment must be strong, intact and protect you from falling. This means that, ideally, a full check should be carried out before each job:
- Check all seams and lines on the harness.
- Go through the entire rope in order to notice in time places of chafing, cuts or worn braid.
- Inspect the integrity of parts of descenders, belay devices and carabiners.
- Check to see if the teeth that, for example, cling to the rope, have worn out.
- Check the board you will sit on to see if it has cracked or if the rope has frayed.
The work site is also inspected before starting. This is necessary to find out how and where it will be more convenient and safe to work; where it is necessary to block access to passers-by so that something does not accidentally fall on them from above. They also always look at where people park their cars in order to warn them in time about the start of work and close this parking space.
You need to pay special attention to accessing the roof in two cases: in winter, when it is slippery and there is ice, and on a sloping roof. Usually there is always a fence at the edges, but you can quickly “drive” and fly over this fence. And it happens that it hangs on a couple of bolts and can easily fly off with you. In these cases, no matter how lazy you may be, it is important to arrange insurance.
Organizing insurance is the most important thing. Life depends on it. One rope is not enough: it may break. That’s why there are always two ramps attached to the descent. They go down one at a time, secure themselves for the second, and tie knots at the ends of the ropes.
The same applies to the belay points - the places to which each rope is tied. There should be at least two of them and both are reliable. Brick or concrete buildings, iron structures, air ducts, solid pipes, strong railings, and stairs are suitable. In this case, the belay points of each rope must be independent of each other: always expect that one belay point may fail.
Rope protectors are required. In places where the rope touches the roof elements - around pointed pipes, at the edge of the canopy - friction is created. All situations cannot be foreseen.
What happens to promalps 😱
One day our team was carrying out welding work. One drop of molten metal fell on the bitumen coating and it caught fire. For technical reasons it was not possible to go upstairs. I had to urgently come up with ways to get out of the way.
Another time we were clearing snow with a scraper on a low building with an almost flat but slippery roof. At one point, the weight of the scraper with snow pulled the man down, his legs slid along the corrugated sheet, there was no fence. I had to push off from the edge of the roof as I walked in order to jump further and dive into the snowdrift. It’s good that there were no solid objects in the snow.
In the summer, the bars on the windows of a five-story building were painted. Part of the rope failed, so I hung on one without additional belay. Everything else was observed: two rope attachment points, protectors on it.
But it turned out that the canopy over one of the windows protruded further than the canopy of the roof itself. I moved horizontally along the wall to paint the entire façade. This horizontal friction caused the rope to be cut at two-thirds of its thickness. I noticed this by accident. Holding my breath and not taking my eyes off the remaining thin part of the rope, I slowly descended. I have never hung on one rope again.
Whatever you work with should stay with you. If in the mountains a falling stone can injure several people, then in the city this danger increases. Any object falling from a height, from a self-tapping screw to a hammer drill, can damage a person, a machine and the wall of a building. You will have to pay for the property with money, and for the person you can go to jail.
All liquids at altitude should be taken in moderation and in strong, balanced containers. Light objects - tie, tie or put in a bag. Hard ones - attach them to yourself with a carabiner. It is important to pay attention to the containers. If a paint bucket has a weak handle, this will result not only in loss of paint, but also in the entire height of the building, cars and people being stained.
Start and end of work
Hanging over the edge of the roof is perhaps one of the scariest moments in the work of a construction worker. Not everyone admits this, but it is true. You go from standing securely on a solid roof to being suspended at a height of many meters. This is what the promalp checks before hanging.
How the rope is tied. Under the weight, it can move from 10 centimeters to a meter to the side and ruin the convenient position of the structure on the wall.
How the knots are tied. It’s extremely rare that things get really bad - after all, prepared people go to the roof. But the knot can “move,” that is, begin to unravel, after a certain time if it is tied incorrectly or carelessly.
Where are the protectors located? Under weight, the entire belay system stretches depending on how far the belay points are located. Therefore, the protectors can slide down, leaving the rope unprotected on the sharp edge of the roof. Better protection Tie directly to this rope. There are also protectors for the roof, when it is thin and can sag at the edge. In this case, due to the displacement of the tread, the roof may be damaged, all this also leads to injuries.
Are all the tools ready? The ones you need are taken, tied to a rope below, or positioned so that they can be taken from the edge of the roof. For example, a bucket of water is inconvenient to take with you right away. It’s good if your partner is still at the top and is ready to give you everything you’ve forgotten, but if you work in this place alone or just pretend to be professional, then it’s better to think through everything in advance and prepare.
Each type of work has its own nuances. When washing glass, you need to take into account the movement of the sun and the direction of the wind, otherwise dirty water will splash onto the clean glass. Washing hot glass under the sun increases water consumption, reduces quality and turns into a game of “Wipe it before it dries.”
After finishing the work, you need to collect all the tools, pull the ropes onto the roof, and remove the fence. This is also done carefully and carefully. When the rope is pulled, watch how it rises. If the dirty end of the rope stains the clean, washed glass, the work may be forced to be redone.
Strictly after finishing work and getting ready, you can remove the fencing below. Only after this is it considered that the work is completely finished and it is now safe to walk here.
Another story
One winter, our team was removing snow and ice from a roof on one of the central streets. There was a lot of traffic, so there was not only a fence, but also a person below.
After the command “All clear” was given from above, I began to roll up the fence and let people through. And suddenly, from above, one of the workers throws down the remaining large block of ice, which lands half a meter from the passing old woman. She gets scared, swears, but leaves, and we are left without sad consequences. It was luck and a lesson for everyone.
Gear and equipment
Equipment for an industrial climber is almost the main thing in work. Here are the main items required.
Straps from the manufacturers “Vento” and “Vertical” can be found for 1500 RUR.
Jumar, crawl, stopper, figure eight, grille, gris-gris, grasping knot. Thanks to these devices, the promenade is lowered, raised and held on a rope. They usually use equipment from Petzl, Kong, Vento, Camp and Vertical. Descenders without automatic locking from “Petzl” and “Kong” can be found from 900 R. With automatic locking it is more expensive: 4-16 thousand. For “Vento” and “Vertical” descenders cost from 470 RUR without blocking and from 1600 RUR - with blocking.
Rope clamps such as jumar and crawl, which are needed for climbing a rope, cost from 4,000 to 10,000 RUR for Petzl and Kong and from 900 to 5,000 RUR for Vento and Vertical. Some climbers note that the characteristics of the Jumars from “Petzl” and “Vertical” are almost the same.
Ropes can be static or dynamic. The first one does not stretch when loaded. Since industrial mountaineering is not rope jumping (these are jumps on ropes), the rope used here is static. The diameter is usually from 9 to 12 mm. There are auxiliary ropes for lifting loads or securing tools. Their diameter is from 4 to 8 mm. A 6 mm static rope is often used.
Russian ropes from Kolomna, Dzerzhinsk or Irkutsk can be found for 37-56 R per meter. Expensive ropes from Petzl can be found for 170 R per meter, but it’s a shame to use such ropes, especially for dirty work.
150 R
There is a protector for the rope. If you try, you can find a free one.
Protectors protect the rope in places that are dangerous for it. They are made from different materials: banner fabric with Velcro, scraps of hoses and pipes, fire hoses. In stores they cost 150-300 RUR, but you can find them for free.
Seat. Working for a long time in a hanging position has a bad effect on blood circulation in the legs. Then the whole body may still hurt. Industrial climbers use a special seat - usually a homemade board on which you can sit. For the seat you need a simple piece of plywood at least 0.8 cm thick and a piece of rope. You can buy a ready-made one in the store: in “Vertical” it costs from 1,200 RUR, and in “Petzl” - from 11,500 RUR.
Helmet According to the rules, it is required, but it is not always used. Some people are too lazy to put it on, others think it’s safe without it. In my opinion, in vain. Helmets cost from 3000 to 7000 RUR.
3000 R
there is a helmet. Wearing it is a must
Various auxiliary devices: carabiners, hooks, suction cups. Carabiners are connecting links; at heights they secure the necessary things, equipment and parts of the rope.
To secure it to the wall in one place, you may need a skyhook and a suction cup.
Skyhooks- these are hooks different sizes beak-shaped. They cling to the ledges and recesses of the wall to pull themselves to the side or hold themselves in place.
Sucker needed on a smooth surface like glass or tile. To remain motionless, the promalp sticks a suction cup to the surface and fixes itself. You can really find a hook for 550 R, suction cups in any hardware store - from 170 to 900 R.
 |  |
The cost of promalpa equipment is 8000 RUR
| Helmet | 3000 R |
| Rope 50 m | 2000 R |
| Harness | 1500 R |
| Belay device | 900 R |
| Descender | 600 R |
3000 R
Rope 50 m
2000 R
1500 R
Belay device
900 R
Descender
600 R
Training and documents
Promalpas are mainly people from mountaineering, rock climbing or speleology. But there are also those who came here from the street in the hope of earning big money. If the first ones are already trained in technology, then the second ones need to undergo training. For this purpose, there are courses for industrial climbers. They are usually carried out in training centers and vocational training centers.
Before the start of classes, you are asked to bring photographs, an application, a passport and medical certificate. Details may vary, but this is usually a basic set.
Knowledge is given on work techniques, safety, psychological preparation, and first aid. Some centers also add blueprint reading and basic electronics. There will definitely be practice with the exam. After training, you will receive a certificate of completion of the course and a high-altitude certificate, which will then need to be confirmed once every 3 years.
Upon completion of training, you will be issued an industrial climber certificate. Organizations always ask for these certificates upon admission to work.
Width="1414" height="1900" class="outline-bordered" style="max-width: 707.0px; height: auto" data-bordered="true"> Announcement of enrollment for courses, classes last 4 days, costs 10,500 Р width="1414" height="1076" class="outline-bordered" style="max-width: 707.0px; height: auto" data-bordered="true"> Tuition fees can vary greatly in different cities and different companies. Here the training costs 9500 RUR width="1414" height="1652" class="outline-bordered" style="max-width: 707.0px; height: auto" data-bordered="true"> And here it costs 20,000 RUR
Beginning of work
You definitely can’t start working alone. An experienced climber can afford to do simple work alone, but this is generally not recommended for safety reasons. If something happens on the wall and you are alone there, no one will help.
Among the industrialists, there is a well-known story about a girl at a construction site in Moscow, whose partner one day did not show up for work. The workers on the roof saw the rope and did not even think that there was a person hanging on it. They cut the rope to take it for themselves. The girl survived, but broke her spine.
A beginner promalpa has two options.
Option 1. Get a job with a company that specializes in high-altitude work. You can start by servicing residential buildings. Nowadays, management companies often employ climbers who clear roofs of snow, seal seams, paint, and so on. They usually work full time at a salary of 25,000 rubles per month. It will be hard and monotonous, but you will gain a lot of experience.
Option 2. Find yourself a more experienced partner. It's better to start by asking your friends - this way you will at least get recommendations about the person you come across. There is also the option of searching through private advertisements, but here it depends on the case: you can end up with dishonest businessmen.
A survey among climbers showed that a new person can be accepted into the team if he already knows how to do something. In terms of salary at his first jobs, he receives a little less, because a certain percentage is deducted in favor of the foreman. This is not practiced by all brigades. Much depends on the quality and speed of the beginner’s work. Often they are hired first as an assistant “give it, bring it and see how it should be done” with a lower salary.
1000 R
gets paid for a shift by a grassroots person - a person who stands below at the fence and warns passers-by about the work
There are also grassroots people - these are the people who stand below the fence and warn passers-by about high-rise work. They receive about 1000 rubles for a shift lasting 2-5 hours.
Payment. How much is it worth taking the risk?
An industrial climber does not run on the ground or stand on scaffolding; he descends from top to bottom along a rope, doing his job. This should be taken into account when determining prices for services. The more a climber can do in one climb, the cheaper the overall work will cost. Cleaning the windows above the entrance is one price. Cleaning a row of windows on one floor along the perimeter of a building is much more expensive. There are standard works where it is easy to calculate the cost, there are complex ones where the calculation is individual.
Everything that is painted and washed is calculated based on the cost per square meter. Everything is long - from the cost per linear meter and the complexity of the implementation: electrical, painting of metal structures, work on drains and air ducts. There is a calculation per piece: an air conditioner unit, an antenna or a pipe.
Everything that does not fit into the framework of conventional measurements is calculated according to the principle of N rubles per hour, day, or as agreed. This may be a small, physically demanding task that is complicated by long or difficult access to it. For example, change a couple of light bulbs on a communications mast 50 kilometers from the city at an altitude of 70 meters.
It happens that additional work comes up. For example, they come to install a slope or window sill, but instead they have to cut down a tree on the same window sill. And only because the customer was not aware of the situation.
Promalp in the company works according to one of three options: deal, salary + deal, salary. If only the salary, then in the regions on average it is 25 thousand per month with a five-day working week, if you work for a management company. In Moscow prices are higher. With this option, you will have a permanent job.
25,000 R
earn profit in regional management companies
I interviewed my acquaintances, “free” freelancers. Most are ready to go to work if they earn more than 5,000 rubles a day. In Moscow - on average $100 per hour. It can be more or less - it depends on the type of work. A good order can be found thanks to your experience, skill and extensive customer base. But such orders do not happen regularly.
The advantages of working as a commercial worker
Freedom of choice is the reason people stay in this job. And the basis of this choice is the following:
- Convenient schedule.
- Quick earnings.
- Variety of objects, types of work, partners, customers.
- High level physical activity allows you to keep good shape.
- Work at heights, where there are few people and no bosses.
- Beautiful views.
- The opportunity to find yourself in places where not everyone gets to go: church bell towers, a winter garden at the National Bank, a barracks in a pre-trial detention center, the stars of the Kremlin, a rolling shop of a factory.
Disadvantages of work
It's really dangerous. The climber faces the risk of the rope being cut by angry, drunk or mentally ill people, an object falling from above, the rope breaking under unforeseen circumstances, strong winds and hitting the wall.
Sometimes you have to “knock out” money for work. The more defects, the lower the price of the work. There is a risk of non-payment and attempts to deceive. Even proven customers can let you down.
It's physically difficult. You have to constantly go up and down with all the equipment, both on a ladder and on a rope, work in a sitting position without support under the sun, in frost, dampness, in dirt, dust and stuffiness. If work goes to mall, then only at night. As one climber with twenty years of experience said: “It’s like a professional sport with high level injuries and occupational diseases."
Variety causes tension. There will always be something missing or something new. Everything at the site may not be as described by the customer. You have to get used to the new team. Specific equipment, tools or technologies take a lot of time: you need to find it all, order it, bring it and learn how to use it.
Irregular employment if you work for yourself. Illnesses, vacations, injuries, equipment - all at your own expense.
There will be some really hard shifts, when time is running out and the project must be delivered on time. My friend once had to work continuously for 21 hours when he had to remove and put back 600 square meters banner grid on site. In total we had to climb and descend to a height of about 700 meters.
Finally
The work is hard, dangerous and dirty. Pros turn into cons and vice versa.
On the other hand, you will learn almost everything: from diplomatic conversations with elders around the house to walking on cell tower structures at great heights. You will find yourself in the most interesting places and see the world from above. Fear will always be with you, but you will learn to control it. This fear will either take you down to earth in the office, or it will become your intuition and protect you.
And one day you will begin to collect a collection of answers to the question “Aren’t you scared?”
No need to remind that mountaineering- this is one of the most dangerous sports, which can cost a minimum of disability from injuries received, and a maximum of life. So what makes us go to the mountains again and again and risk losing the most precious thing - our lives? Now remember that there are things that are more than just expensive - they are priceless - a child, a mother, a father...
When you go to the mountains for more than one year, you begin to think that you are sick, like a drug addict who cannot resist the next temptation to get a portion of crazy pleasure and adrenaline in the blood. Meanwhile, while you are in the mountains, people at home love you, wait for you and hope that you will return home safe and sound. Do we, climbers, treat those we love fairly and whose lives are sometimes more precious to us than our own?
Sitting once again on the trunks, before a very quick and long trip to the mountains, I asked myself: what will those whom I love so madly in this life do without me, if suddenly I don’t come back again? They simply won’t be able to survive this or their life will turn into a complete nightmare... And suddenly the thought flashed through my head that it was probably time to stop striving for greater extremes, looking for greater technical difficulties and greater risks. Let those who have no one (or nothing) to lose in this life “remove the stars from the sky.”
I spent almost the whole day with these thoughts, reading recent reports about incidents that happened in the mountains and never ceasing to torment myself with doubts about the correctness of the choice of my crazy passion for the mountains and mountaineering in general. And so at 10 p.m. I sat down to write this text, why? I don’t know... Probably in order to tell those who will understand me a few important points:
1) I (like many of you) will never be able to give up mountaineering, because over time it turns from a sport into a way of life;
2) If you get deeply involved in all this, then not only your habits, everyday life, and lifestyle change, but also your worldview. Therefore, we must always remember that there are those to whom this is alien and incomprehensible, or even worse, disgusting. Therefore, you must always be prepared for the fact that people close to you may not understand you or reject everything that is so dear to you;
3) Always be prepared for the fact that even the simplest climb can result in an incurable injury, which will lead to disability for the rest of your life, or, even worse, the loss of your life. This point is very unpleasant for many to hear, but it is a fact that cannot be hidden, especially for beginners, young climbers, whose heads are always initially filled with ambitions and heroism;
4) Risk - for the sake of risk. This means that if you go to the mountains, you risk not only your life, but also the destinies of those whom you leave at home. Remember this always, and then you will be less likely to have the desire to commit bold, but not sufficiently thoughtful actions. The risk must always be justified. Victory does not lie in reaching the Summit at any cost. Victory means returning from the ascent safe and sound;
5) Don't be afraid to seem like a coward. Fear is your guardian angel in the mountains. While the climber is afraid, he is able to think before committing a bold but rash act that could cost him his life. One instructor once said: “You need to take insurance not where it’s scary, but where it’s dangerous”. I believe that this expression is not entirely correct. How, for example, can a beginner understand where it is dangerous. He is usually scared everywhere, and in places where it is really dangerous, it may seem to him that everything is simple. You need to insure yourself not only where it is dangerous, but also when it is very scary, because fear often pushes people to take unconscious actions, fettering their consciousness;
6) Always remember that the mountains have stood and will continue to stand, but life is given only once. If you are caught by bad weather 100 meters from the top, and the “point of return” has long been passed, return back from the mountain. "Cold Night" - no The best way Go to the top, it can also cost you not only your health, but also your life. If we analyze the statistics of many accidents that occurred in the mountains, then a considerable percentage of deaths occurred precisely because of “cold overnight stays” - freezing on the mountain, general fatigue, dehydration, sleepless night. This often leads to loss of coordination and strength on the descent;
7) Don’t go out late to climb. As a rule, avalanches and rockfalls occur closer to noon, because the sun begins to heat up the rocks and melt the ice, and loose rocks begin to move under the soggy snow. Therefore, the most dangerous sections of the route must be passed in the morning, when frost still lingers;
8) Do not forget to take the minimum necessary warm clothes and a sufficient amount of water to the mountain, taking into account the number of participants in the ascent group. Dehydration on the route is also dangerous. The blood, not having enough water in the body, begins to thicken and then oxygen reaches the brain worse, muscles begin to weaken and the symptoms of high-altitude hypoxia may intensify;
9) Do not go to the mountains without a walkie-talkie and pre-registration with the rescue services. The idea that a strong partner (or even several) can independently lower a seriously injured participant from the mountain is nothing more than a myth. It’s another matter if the victim received a minor injury, but you don’t need to count on it;
10) Don’t forget about proper acclimatization - this is always the key to a successful climb.
It seems to me that it’s time to end with these words: Take care of yourself and remember those who love you and are waiting at home, don’t take pointless risks and never neglect insurance. This is the meaning of mountaineering.
