The “Concept of sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex in the North Caucasian Federal District for the period up to 2020” has been developed, taking into account the development programs of the district’s subjects with justified specialization that meets the specifics of natural, climatic, economic characteristics and national traditions. 4 management systems have been developed Agriculture, including “dry farming”, which was awarded the Prize of the Council of the Ministry of the USSR. In 2013, a new generation farming system was created for the Stavropol Territory, the implementation of which will help increase the production of crop products by 1.8 million tons. conditional grain.
Work is underway to develop a methodology and basis for creating new generation farming systems and agricultural technologies in a changing climate using GIS technologies and remote sensing data. An information and analytical system “Agroclimatic potential of the Stavropol Territory” has been created, which makes it possible to predict the size of the harvest. Together with the Institute of Space Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, research is being carried out in the field of application of space technologies in the agro-industrial complex using GIS technologies.
A unique collection gene pool has been formed, about 300 varieties of grain, fodder, medicinal, spicy and aromatic, fruit and berry, vegetable, flower, ornamental and tree crops have been created. The State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use in the Russian Federation contains over 130 varieties and hybrids, and about 40 varieties are being tested. About 60 basic seed farms have been created, located in all regions of the North Caucasus and Southern Federal Districts, as well as Voronezh, Lipetsk, Tambov, Belgorod, Volgograd, Samara, Penza, Saratov, Orenburg regions, the Republics of Tatarstan and Crimea, where varieties created by scientists are cultivated Center. Currently, in the Stavropol Territory, every 3rd hectare of winter wheat and winter barley and every 2nd hectare of spring barley is sown with varieties selected by the North Caucasus Federal National Research Center.
In the field of biotechnology, research is being carried out not only to create new varieties of winter wheat, but also to obtain healthy planting material for potatoes, grapes and apple trees, which will contribute to the development of the potato growing, viticulture and horticulture industries in the North Caucasus Federal District. A technology has been developed for creating highly productive multicomponent hay and pasture grass stands of unlimited longevity based on enriching the agrosteppe with varietal grasses adapted to local climatic conditions. Comprehensive studies have begun to study the effectiveness of No-Till in various soil and climatic zones of the Stavropol Territory.
Improved resource-saving technologies have been developed in horticulture for the production of fruits of pome crops in short-cycle gardens, the cultivation of branched annual seedlings of pome trees in the Stavropol Territory and cherries on seed rootstocks with a crown-shaped crown in intensive gardens, the production of vegetatively propagated apple tree rootstocks, as well as the support-free design of modern intensive fruit trees. apple tree plantings.
In the field of livestock farming, 4 breeds of sheep, 7 factory types of sheep, 3 factory types of goats, 1 factory type and 6 factory lines of pigs, 1 factory type of beef cattle have been created. Received more than 60 patents for inventions and utility models for technologies and technical means for livestock and feed production. A unique experimental base (experimental station) has been created, where there is a gene pool farm for dairy goats of the Saanen breed, the only breeding breeder in Europe for breeding shepherd dogs "Kelpie", the world's oldest gene pool sperm bank of highly productive rams and breeding goats. Patents have been received for the promising breed of sheep “Russian meat merino”, the Altai white down breed of goats, the factory type of Hereford cattle “Dmitrievsky” and the first type of dairy goat in Russia “Mari”. A wool certification center has been created.
16 breeds and 30 hybrids of silkworms have been bred, methods of feeding them have been improved, and farming models have been developed to combine sericulture with other agricultural sectors. To expand the food supply of the silkworm, 70 new mulberry varieties were created, 5 patents in the field of sericulture and 4 certificates for mulberry varieties were received.
Based on MIP LLC NPO "Oblachnye" Information Systems» , established within the framework of Federal Law No. 217, with the support of the Innovation Promotion Fund, an information and computing traceability system was developed and implemented in the Stavropol Territoryanimal movements(trace) , based on radio frequency identification techniques and free software.
Scientific qualifying work: Final qualifying work – scientific - research, expanding knowledge in the field of theory, practice, methodology of branches of science, developing specific ways to solve the problem being studied. Thesis is a type of final state certification, the form of the graduate work examination.
Introduction of the thesis Introduction is a very important part of the thesis and course work. The introduction reveals the rationale for the need to study the problem chosen by the student and presents a scheme for conducting a diploma or course research. The introduction of the thesis usually takes 3-5 pages of printed text. The introduction of the course work should be 2-3 pages of printed text.
The introduction can be roughly divided into several parts: I The relevance of the thesis (course work); the degree of development of the topic under study; Problems. II Object and subject of research. III Goal and objectives (they reveal the path to achieving the goal). IV Hypothesis. V Methods used when writing a diploma (course) paper. VI Elements of scientific novelty in the work. VII Scientific novelty and practical significance of the problem under study. VIII Brief description of the structure.
Relevance of the thesis The relevance of the topic of the thesis (course) work characterizes its modernity, vitality, urgency, importance, significance. In other words, this is an argument for the need to study the topic of the thesis, revealing the real need for its study and the need to develop practical recommendations.
The relevance of the thesis should not take more than 1.5 pages of the introduction of the thesis (from practical experience I will say that too much topicality tires the supervisors of the thesis and they will cut it for you anyway). The relevance of the course work usually takes up a little less than a page of printed text. The following words must be present: the relevance and practical aspect of these problems are related to the fact .... or the relevance of the thesis lies (or is manifested) in the following... or questions concerning this and that and that and that are very relevant. Or just the relevance of the thesis, and then start with a new proposal. After describing the relevance of the topic, you can write: the relevance of the thesis topic is associated with a significant spread of the phenomenon under study and lies in the need to develop recommendations for improving work in the area under consideration.
Object and subject of research The object of research of the thesis is a certain area of reality, a social phenomenon that exists independently of the researcher. The subject of research is the features, properties or aspects of an object that are significant from a theoretical or practical point of view. The subject of the study shows through what the object will be known. In each object of study, there are several objects of study, and focusing attention on one of them means that other objects of study of this object simply remain aside from the interests of the researcher.
EXAMPLE: the object of research is a person, the subject of research is skin. This object has many subjects of research, such as the lymphatic, circulatory system, gastrointestinal tract, etc. But for the researcher, only the skin matters, this is the subject of his direct research. So, for example, in the field of humanities, the object of study is the sphere social relations(institutional education) within which the research will be conducted. The object reflects a problem in certain social relations.
The subject in the thesis is an element of social life, with relative autonomy of existence. The object reflects a problematic situation, examines the subject in all its relationships. An object is always wider than its subject. If the object is an area of activity, then the subject is the process being studied within the framework of the thesis object. The subject in the introduction to the thesis is indicated after the definition of the object.
Objectives reveal the path to achieving a goal. Each task, as a rule, is devoted to a chapter (or paragraph) of a thesis or course work. Tasks can be entered with the words: - identify; - to uncover; - study; - develop; - research; - analyze; - systematize; - clarify, etc. The number of tasks should be 4-5. Objectives must be reflected in the conclusion, conclusions and recommendations. You can start like this: “To achieve this goal, the following tasks are set: 1., 2., 3., etc.
Hypothesis The hypothesis of the thesis (course work) is the expected result that the student plans to achieve as a result of writing the thesis. An assumption (hypothesis) can be made in the following words: - “this is possible if” - “will be carried out effectively if available (provided)” - “the creation will allow for provision.”
In the diploma and course work you can write the following methods used: literature analysis; analysis of regulatory and legal documentation on the topic of the thesis; study and generalization of domestic and foreign practice; comparison; interviewing; modeling; synthesis; theoretical analysis and synthesis, abstraction, concretization and idealization, induction and deduction, analogy, classification, generalization, historical method,
Scientific novelty and practical significance of the problem under study The scientific novelty of the thesis is formulated depending on the nature and essence of the chosen topic of the thesis. Scientific novelty is formulated differently for theoretical diplomas and practical diplomas. So, in the first case, it is determined by what is new introduced into the theory and methodology of the subject under study, and in the second, it is determined by the result that was obtained for the first time, confirmed or updated, or develops and clarifies previously established scientific ideas about the subject under study and practical achievements. Practical significance depends on the novelty of the thesis and determines the need to write it. In other words, to determine practical significance means to determine the results that need to be achieved. This is a very important element of the introduction to the thesis.
Brief description of the structure At the end of the “introduction” section, it is necessary to describe the structure of the thesis. EXAMPLES: 1. “The introduction reveals the relevance, determines the degree of scientific development of the topic, object, subject, purpose, objectives and research methods, reveals the theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter discusses... The second chapter is devoted... In conclusion, the results of the study are summed up and final conclusions are drawn on the topic under consideration.”
Brief description of the structure (examples) 2. The structure of the work is determined by the subject, purpose and objectives of the study. The work consists of an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion. The introduction reveals the relevance, determines the degree of scientific development of the topic, object, subject, purpose, objectives and research methods, reveals the theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter discusses the concept and types... The second chapter reveals... The third chapter is devoted to issues... In conclusion, the results of the study are summed up, and final conclusions are drawn on the topic under consideration.
Requirements for the thesis (From the NSTU regulations on graduate work): 1.4. The deadlines for submitting thesis to the department, reviewer, and defense are established by the department responsible for training the specialist and are communicated to the student in a timely manner. Deadline for submitting the thesis: To the scientific supervisor 14 days before defense After approval of the work by the scientific supervisor: To the expert of the sociological part of the thesis: M. R. Vasilyeva, Assoc. QMS department no later than 7 days before the defense (expert consultations are scheduled in the 10th semester) To the normative controller: to the secretary of the State Attestation Committee in unbound form 7 days before the defense
Requirements for the thesis The work is publicly defended with a presentation Scope of work pages Scope of the reference list of sources
THE GRADUATE QUALIFICATION WORK OF THE BACHELOR OF THE BACHELOR'S KR must be a complete theoretical or experimental development in which a separate, particular problem is solved, the content of which is determined by the direction of the bachelor's training.
Registration of the bachelor's thesis the bachelor's thesis must be in the form of a manuscript. The volume of the bachelor's thesis submitted for defense is determined by the department. The recommended volume of the main part of the bachelor's thesis is pages (format A 4) of typewritten (printed) text.
Title page of the bachelor's thesis 1. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FEDERAL AGENCY FOR EDUCATION STATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION "NOVOSIBIRSK STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY" Department _ SOCIAL - MASS COMMUNICATIONS (full name of the department) GRADUATE QUALIFICATION WORK OF BACHELOR _____________________________________________________________________ (last name, first name, patronymic author - student - graduate) _____________________________________________________________________________________ (topic of work) Direction of preparation _________________________________________ (code and name of the direction of bachelor's training) SupervisorAuthor __________________________________ (last name, I., 0.) (last name, I., 0.) __________________________________ (academic degree, academic. title (faculty, group) ___________________________________ (signature, date)(signature, date) Novosibirsk, 2015
Assignment for the bachelor's thesis MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FEDERAL AGENCY FOR EDUCATION STATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION "NOVOSIBIRSK STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY" Department (floor name of the department) APPROVED by the Head. department ___________ (surname. I., O.) ____________________ (signature, date) ASSIGNMENT FOR THE GRADUATE QUALIFICATION WORK OF THE BACHELOR to the student (s) (last name, first name, patronymic) Direction of preparation ____________________________________ (code and name of the direction of bachelor's preparation) _______________________________________________________________________________ (faculty) Subject _______________________________________________________ (full title of the topic of the bachelor's final qualifying work) Initial data (or purpose of the work) ___________________________ ___________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Structural parts of the work __________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________
Plan - work schedule, p/p Name of stage Planned completion dates The task has been agreed upon and accepted for execution. HeadAuthor ______________________________ (last name, I., O.) (last name, I., O.) __________________________________________ (academic degree, academic rank) (faculty, group) __________________________________ (signature, date)(signature, date) Topic approved by order NSTU _____ from "____" 200 __________________________________________________________ (signature of the secretary of the examination committee for the defense of the thesis, date) ________________________________________________________________________________ (last name, first name, patronymic of the secretary of the examination commission for the defense of the thesis)
“Scientific and qualifying work (dissertation) for the scientific degree of Candidate of Sciences and a scientific report. Educational and methodological manual for graduate students of the direction 44.06.01 Education and...”
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VYATSKY
SOCIO-ECONOMIC
INSTITUTE
Scientific qualification work
(dissertation) for an academic degree
PhD and scientific report
Educational and methodological manual
for graduate students directions
44.06.01 Education and pedagogical sciences
Published by decision of the editorial and publishing council
Vyatka Socio-Economic Institute Author-compiler: N.S. Alexandrova, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor.
Reviewer: V.B. Pomelov, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Pedagogy, Vyatka State Humanitarian University.
General editor: N.S. Alexandrova, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor.
Scientific qualification work (dissertation) for the academic degree of Candidate of Sciences and scientific report: teaching aid for graduate students of the direction 44.06.01 Education and pedagogical sciences / N.S. Alexandrova. – Kirov: VSEI, 2014. – 34 p.
The educational and methodological manual was developed in accordance with the federal state educational standard, curriculum and is intended for graduate students in the direction 44.06.01 Education and Pedagogical Sciences © Vyatka Socio-Economic Institute, 2015 Contents Goals and objectives of scientific qualification work 1.
Requirements for the results of scientific and qualifying work 2. 4 Requirements for the topics of scientific and qualifying work 3.
Methodology for performing scientific and qualifying work 4.
4.1. Topic selection and approval 8
4.2. Scientific supervisor and his responsibilities
4.3. Planning the preparation of scientific and qualifying work 10
4.4. Stages of scientific research 11 Structure and content of scientific qualification work 5.
Registration of scientific and qualifying work 6.
General provisions 6.1. 16 The procedure for preparing tables, graphic material, calculation formulas 6.2.
Review of the layout of the scientific qualification work 7.
Procedure for scientific report 8.
Criteria for assessing the layout of a scientific qualification work and scientific report 9.
Applications 4
1. Goals and objectives of scientific and qualifying work
Objectives of scientific and qualifying work (SQR):
1. Systematization, consolidation of theoretical knowledge and practical skills in the field of pedagogy, their application in performing scientific and technical work.
2. Development of management skills independent work and mastery of research and experimentation techniques in solving scientific problems and issues.
3. Determining the degree of preparedness of a graduate for independent work in the field of study.
4. Checking the graduate’s universal competencies.
Objectives of scientific and qualifying work:
1. Conducting theoretical research to substantiate the scientific idea and essence of the phenomenon or process being studied in the field of pedagogy.
2. Collection of data, empirical materials through scientific methods and techniques.
3. Analysis of the obtained data and empirical materials, their processing using statistical methods.
4. Development of scientifically based conclusions, proposals and recommendations on the chosen topic.
5. Development of a layout of a scientific qualification work (dissertation) for the academic degree of Candidate of Sciences.
6. Presentation with a scientific report on the main results of the prepared scientific qualification work (dissertation).
2. Requirements for the results of scientific and qualifying work The process of completing the research work and scientific report is aimed at developing the following competencies:
Ability to critical analysis and assessment of modern scientific achievements, generating new ideas when solving research and practical problems, including in interdisciplinary fields (UK-1);
The ability to design and carry out complex research, including interdisciplinary research, based on a holistic systemic scientific worldview using knowledge in the field of history and philosophy of science (UK-2);
Willingness to participate in the work of Russian and international research teams to solve scientific and scientific-educational problems (UK-3);
The ability to follow ethical standards in professional activities (UK-5).
– – –
3. Requirements for the topic of scientific and qualifying work The topic of the NKR must be relevant and of scientific and practical interest.
The theoretical part of the research should be focused on the development of theoretical and methodological foundations of the objects (processes) being studied, the use of new concepts and ideas in the chosen field, and be distinguished by a certain novelty of scientific ideas and research methods.
The practical part of the work should demonstrate the graduate student’s ability to solve real applied problems based on the development of models and methodological foundations;
participate in the work of research teams to solve scientific and educational problems.
Types of scientific qualification works.
1. Scientific and qualifying work of theoretical type.
Theoretical research must be novel, carried out on a problem that has been little studied in the theoretical aspect or on a separate aspect of it. Work of this type is based on a synthesis of available factual materials and empirical research. When revealing a topic, it is necessary to apply the principle of historicism, methods of system analysis, and particular methods of study (systematization, analysis, comparison). The work must contain a theoretical solution to the problem posed, logically sound, internally consistent, and within the framework of the modern scientific paradigm.
2. Scientific qualification work of research and implementation type.
It is based on the use of one or more well-known and proven research methods when studying an object; analysis of the data obtained and development of practical recommendations for implementation based on them. Or the introduction of certain methods and/or mechanisms at the object under study with subsequent testing of their effectiveness.
Preparation and writing of scientific qualification work
Preparing and writing a paper consists of several stages:
1. Selecting a topic. Determining the range of scientific problems related to the chosen topic.
2. Choosing one of the problems to study and solve and justifying the relevance of the chosen topic.
3. Approval of the methodological apparatus of the topic at the department.
4. Compilation of a bibliography, familiarization with regulatory documents, other sources and literature related to the topic of work and their abstracting.
5. Proposing a research hypothesis.
6. Selection of methods and techniques for conducting research.
7. Collection of factual material, conducting an experiment.
8. Processing and analysis of the received information using modern mathematical and statistical methods.
9. Development of scientifically based models, systems, mechanisms, practical recommendations.
11. Formulating conclusions or alternative interpretations of certain concepts as a result of theoretical research.
12. Summing up the results of scientific work.
Registration of the NCR in accordance with the requirements established 13.
Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation.
14. Providing a layout of the NKR.
15. Providing the scientific supervisor with a scientific report on the main results of the scientific research work.
Responsibility of the author of the scientific-qualifying work The graduate student bears full responsibility for the scientific independence and reliability of the results of the research. If plagiarism or unreliable research results are discovered, the work will be removed from the report.
A graduate student who fails to submit a mock-up of the scientific qualification work on time will not be admitted to the final certification.
4. Methodology for performing scientific and qualifying work
4.1. Selection of topic and its approval Topics of scientific works are compiled by full-time teachers of the department from among professors and associate professors.
In exceptional cases, it is allowed to supervise scientific qualification work by part-time teachers from among the associate professors and professors. The proposed topics must be relevant, take into account the needs of the relevant branch of science and practice, comprehensively analyze a narrow aspect of any scientific or practical problem, the study of the topic must be carried out in line with the training profile.
The approximate topics of the NKR are considered, clarified and approved at a meeting of the graduating department. After their approval, NCR topics are offered to graduate students.
Graduate students choose the topic of NKR independently, guided by interest in the problem, practical experience, the possibility of obtaining factual data, and the availability of specialized literature. The graduate student is given until December 1 of the academic year to select a topic.
Before the deadline for choosing a topic, a graduate student has the right to consult with a prospective supervisor in order to clarify the content and nature of the work on the topic of interest to him.
The graduate student has the right to independently propose and complete his/her NKR topic.
Having chosen the topic of scientific research, the graduate student submits an application addressed to the head of the department (Appendix 1).
Lists of names of postgraduate students, scientific research topics, names of scientific supervisors are provided to the graduate school in advance. The lists indicate the surname, first name, patronymic of the graduate student, topic of work, surname and initials, academic title, academic degree, position of supervisor.
No later than three months after enrollment in postgraduate programs, the student is assigned a supervisor.
After which, before December 30 of the next academic year, it is approved by order of the Vice-Rector for Academic and educational work at the institute for the next academic year. The order indicates the names of the department teachers who act as scientific supervisors for each approved topic.
4.2. Scientific supervisor and his responsibilities In order to provide the graduate student with theoretical and practical assistance during the period of preparing and writing the research paper, a scientific supervisor is appointed from among the teaching staff of the department, as a rule, whose topic the graduate student has chosen. Scientific supervisors are approved by order of the rector of the institute.
At the suggestion of the scientific supervisor, the department may invite a consultant on certain issues of the NKR.
Scientific adviser:
explains to the graduate student the requirements for NKR;
1) provides assistance in determining the research problems and in drawing up 2) the NKR plan and the schedule for its implementation;
directs the graduate student’s work with scientific literature and other information 3) sources on the topic;
determines the type of NCR, helps to formulate a hypothesis, purpose and objectives of the work, 4) the subject of research;
guides the graduate student in methods of conducting research and experiments, and 5) also in methods of data processing;
provides ongoing consultation on questions arising in connection with the performance of 6) work or indicates sources of information in which the graduate student can find answers to them;
controls the implementation of the schedule for final qualifying work;
7) provides organizational and methodological assistance to the graduate student, especially in those 8) cases when, in order to complete the work, it is necessary to conduct research with access to organizations, enterprises or institutions, to obtain the necessary documentation from them;
as the work progresses, makes the necessary comments and monitors them 9) elimination;
10) after reviewing the layout, the NKR signs the work and makes a decision on the admission of the graduate student to the scientific report;
11) draws up a written review of the research work and the nature of its implementation by the graduate student;
12) advises the graduate student on the preparation of his scientific report on the main results of the scientific research work.
After receiving the NKR layout, the scientific supervisor draws up his expert written review, in which he comprehensively characterizes the work performed. The supervisor's review should contain answers to the following questions:
Did the graduate student follow a work schedule?
Is the relevance of the topic demonstrated?
Does the content of the work correspond to the given topic?
What is the scientific level of the work?
How fully and efficiently has the stated topic been developed?
Is the NKR material presented systematically?
To what extent did the graduate student show initiative when performing work? 7.
independence, creativity?
Have information sources been used sufficiently fully, especially 8.
modern?
What is the level of reliability of the information sources used?
10. Does the graduate student know how to work with scientific literature and other sources of scientific information, analyze it, generalize it, and draw scientific and practical conclusions?
11. Is the choice of research methods and techniques justified? Do they correspond to the subject, object, goals and objectives of the study?
12. Is the work formatted correctly? Does its author master the scientific style of presenting the material? Literacy of presentation?
13. Are the conclusions drawn in the work justified?
14. What is the feasibility and value of practical proposals?
15. Is there any testing of the proposals made in the work, and what are the results of this testing?
16. How can you evaluate the effectiveness of the practical application of the models, mechanisms, schemes, proposals, etc. proposed (obtained) in the work?
In the review, the supervisor notes the positive aspects of the work and draws attention to existing shortcomings that have not been eliminated by the graduate student. At the end of the review, the professional level of the graduate student’s training is determined and an opinion is expressed on the admission of the graduate student to a scientific report on the topic of NKR.
The supervisor's review should not contain a score.
4.3. Planning the preparation of scientific-qualifying work The graduate student, together with the supervisor, discusses the problems of the chosen topic from which the target direction work, it is determined which issues should be worked out, what special attention should be paid to, and how the main specifics of the topic will be revealed.
The main goal, objectives, subject, object of research are formulated. Options for research hypotheses are discussed.
The approximate content of the work is drawn up. Its formation is based on the assigned tasks, the solution of which should achieve the goal set in the work.
The assigned tasks should be approximately consistent with the titles of the chapters of the work.
In each of the chapters, individual aspects of the topic and lists of issues that should be considered in them should receive their specific expression. For convenience, the chapters are divided into paragraphs.
A primary list of analyzed scientific and methodological literature, information sources is compiled, sources for obtaining empirical data and practical materials are determined. In the process of drawing up a plan, the theoretical level and practical significance of the work as a whole are determined.
The NKR work plan may be further refined depending on the progress of the study of the problem, the availability of literary and factual material.
The graduate student, in agreement with the supervisor, develops a schedule for completing the research work, which reflects the main stages of its preparation and writing.
The NQR schedule (Appendix 2) must be drawn up by the graduate student together with the supervisor in two copies within one week immediately after receiving the assignment for the NQR. One copy of the schedule remains with the graduate student, the second is transferred to the supervisor.
The scientific qualification work must be completed and submitted to the graduate school one month before the start of the state final certification.
4.4. Stages of scientific research Any research involves preliminary work, the purpose of which is to outline the general contours of the research, its program, as well as approximate dates completion of each stage.
Stage 1 – identification of the problem, subject and object of research and the related relevance of the topic as a whole.
In any research, the problem statement is the starting point.
A problem is unstudied or poorly studied features, levels, relationships of any phenomena that are of interest, both for science and for practice. This is a question that needs to be answered, requiring certain practical and theoretical actions.
In the process of defining a problem, there is a temptation to cover as wide a range of phenomena as possible with research and get answers to all questions. Such an error wastes the researcher’s efforts, reduces the quality of the research, and makes it superficial.
You should limit your interests to solving a specific problem.
A properly defined problem involves finding and defending the relevance of the chosen topic.
Defining the research problem is closely related to the choice of subject and object of study. And the relevance of the topic confirms the correct choice of the subject and object of research.
The object of research is what is being studied. The objects of research can be people, groups of people, organizations, physical objects, mental phenomena, etc.
The subject of research is a specific feature, fact, phenomenon, consideration and study of which is necessary to solve the research problem. The subject is always narrower than the object of study.
Thoughtful and clearly formulated problem, subject and object of research, as well as a description of the relevance of the topic of work, already at the first stage of the research, it is possible to determine the volume and direction of the upcoming work, the topic of literature that needs to be familiarized with, and take care of the methods in advance. It also saves time spent on research.
Stage 2 – study of literature on the problem, clarification of basic concepts, preliminary description of the subject of research and the final title of the work.
The purpose of this stage is to find out what science knows about the problem being studied, and what has been poorly studied or not studied at all. This last point may constitute the specificity of the research problem. In addition, the researcher is often faced with the problem of uncertainty or inconsistency of concepts available in the literature.
In this case, it is difficult to compare the results of different studies if they use the same concepts ambiguously. To eliminate contradictions, the researcher must study the literature on the chosen problem in order to be aware of the debate that is going on in scientific circles regarding the concepts and theories that interest him.
If it was not possible to find unambiguity in the definition of concepts, you should accept one of the most common points of view in science and be sure to stipulate this in your work.
Work with scientific literature should begin in the process of choosing a topic. It becomes of utmost importance after the work plan has been agreed upon.
The graduate student, as a rule, selects the required literature independently. The role of the scientific supervisor is to provide recommendations and advice on the selection of scientific sources.
When working with scientific sources, first of all, the graduate student analyzes regulations, then studies special scientific literature and periodicals.
If there are several publications on a particular issue, it is advisable to choose a later edition that reflects the final point of view.
The breadth and completeness of the study of sources and literature, the ability to highlight the necessary, most important, comparison and analysis of various factual and statistical data is the most important indicator of the quality of a graduate student’s research and skills in working with literature. When using textbooks and teaching aids, the general rule is that they should be published no more than 10 (ten) years ago from the year of the intended defense of the NKR.
The study of literature begins with searching for relevant sources in library catalogs and viewing the bibliography of books read.
The output of scientific sources on the research topic can be recorded and compiled into a card index, which will make it easy to compile a list of literature used in the future.
The most informative literary sources on the topic of research should be noted down; you can note your own thoughts and ideas that arise when reading the literature. Based on notes and extracts from the literature read, an analytical description of the subject of research is carried out. It is usually done in the chronological sequence of literary sources; this records the development of ideas about the problem being studied.
Currently, in addition to print, there are many other information sources. Sources on electronic media are of particular interest. These are scientific documentaries, audio books, electronic textbooks, electronic statistical collections, etc. Also on the Internet there are websites of companies and enterprises, scientific journals, research institutes, academic communities, etc., which can also serve good sources information for scientific and qualifying work.
Particular attention should be paid to choosing reliable sources of information, i.e.
those that are recognized by the scientific community. These include official press organs state power of the Russian Federation, publishing adopted laws and decrees, scientific and scientific-methodological newspapers and magazines recommended by the Higher Attestation Commission of Russia for the publication of basic scientific results by graduate students and doctoral students, scientific monographs, collections of scientific articles and reports from scientific conferences, textbooks and teaching aids with the stamps of the Ministry Education and Science of the Russian Federation or Educational and Methodological Associations of Universities, academic encyclopedias and dictionaries, as well as some other academic publications.
In his work, a graduate student should not refer to popular (including popular science) newspapers and magazines, pseudo-scientific literature (including pseudo-scientific Internet resources). Ideas, theories and hypotheses of marginal authors who are in the paradigm should not be cited as arguments. modern science so far it is considered to be unverified or pseudoscientific.
The theoretical part of the work, based on a review of scientific sources, ends with conclusions about what is known to science on this topic, what is controversial, and what constitutes the area of interest of the graduate student himself. A literature review, together with a description of the research method or methods chosen for the work, as a rule, is a draft version of the theoretical part of the work.
Stage 3 – formulation of the purpose, objectives and hypothesis of the study.
Analysis of scientific sources makes it possible to formulate the purpose and hypothesis of the study.
The purpose of the research is to solve, to study the issue that constitutes the research problem, clarified in the process of analyzing the relevant literature.
A hypothesis is a logically substantiated assumption about the structure of the subject being studied, about the nature and essence of the connections between the phenomena being studied and the factors that determine them.
The hypothesis determines the main direction of search and research and is the main methodological tool that organizes the entire research process.
Formulating a research hypothesis is a difficult task that requires persistent and painstaking work. The absence of a hypothesis characterizes the absence of a problem or the extreme vagueness of its formulation.
When formulating a hypothesis, the following conditions must be met:
The hypothesis should not contain concepts that are not specified;
It must be verifiable using available techniques.
As a result of testing, the hypothesis is proven or disproved. To test a hypothesis means to check the consequences that logically follow from it. The assumption formulated in the hypothesis is probabilistic in nature, which means that the assumption made is true only with a certain degree of probability. During the study, it is necessary to prove the reliability of the probabilistic assumption.
Research objectives specify the goal and serve to test the hypothesis. As many tasks are put forward as necessary to test the hypothesis.
Stage 4 - selection of research methods.
To test the hypothesis put forward (or the solution to the problems posed in the research and development work), methods and techniques are selected that are adequate to the objectives of the research.
A research method is a way to achieve a goal or solve a specific problem; a set of research techniques and operations. They help regulate the research procedure and clearly record the phenomena being studied, opening the way to achieving the goal.
The success of the study increases by combining various methods, which makes it possible to reveal various aspects of the phenomenon under study and ensure mutual verification of the objectivity of the results obtained.
Stage 5 – collection of factual material.
Before collecting the necessary information, you need to learn how to master the selected techniques.
A technique is an algorithm or procedure for carrying out any targeted actions.
The research methodology is determined by the method and presupposes a technique of execution - a system of means, techniques, instruments. A technique differs from a method in the specification of techniques and tasks.
To master the selected methods, it is useful to test them on an object not included in the study (pilot, i.e., trial study), which will allow taking into account the problems of both the method itself and working with it. After this, the necessary procedures for collecting primary information are carried out, ethical criteria are taken into account when working with people, attention is paid to the correct and accurate application of methods, which increases the objectivity of the results.
In the work, the graduate student must identify and present the main trends of the processes being studied, support them with the most typical examples and digital calculations, as well as justify the research methods used and select the most effective methods of mathematical analysis.
Stage 6 – processing of research results and their interpretation.
At this stage, the collected materials are processed using methods existing in this field of science (statistical analysis, graphical, mathematical and other modeling, etc.). The obtained data is grouped and presented in the form of tables and graphs.
14 Theoretical interpretation is the most important step in a researcher’s activity.
To do this, he must have good theoretical training in the relevant discipline. It is at this stage that the researcher returns to the hypothesis again and finds out the degree of its confirmation or non-confirmation.
A complete analysis of the results obtained allows us to formulate practical recommendations on this problem.
Systematization, analysis and processing of factual materials suggest the widespread use of tables, diagrams, graphs, diagrams, models, draft designs in scientific qualification work, which not only contribute to the clarity of the material presented on the pages of the work, but also convincingly reveal the essence of the phenomena being studied.
Collection and processing of factual material is the most labor-intensive stage in the preparation of scientific qualification works, therefore this stage should be under special attention of the graduate student and supervisor.
In order to speed up the processing and systematization of factual material, it is recommended to use modern computer technology with appropriate statistical programs.
Depending on the type of work and how it is intended to achieve its main goal, the research may or may not include another step.
Stage 7 - testing or checking the proposals put forward and the results achieved. Testing or checking the proposals put forward and the results achieved can be carried out in various ways - in this the graduate student must show the creative, innovative nature of his thinking.
This is where the research itself ends and its design begins.
5. Structure and content of scientific qualification work
The scientific qualification work has the following structure:
Title page (see Appendix 3);
Introduction;
Main text (chapters, paragraphs);
Conclusion;
Bibliography;
Applications.
The introduction includes the following structural elements: the relevance of the topic and its significance for science and practice, the current state of research in this area, goals and objectives (the task is achieving a goal in specific conditions), the object and subject of the study are determined, a hypothesis is formulated, and the collection methods used are listed and data analysis, the novelty of the results obtained, theoretical and practical significance, provisions submitted for defense, testing of the results, the structure of the work is revealed (the volume of the reference list, the number of tables, diagrams and figures). The approximate structure of the Introduction is given in Appendix 5. The volume of the Introduction is approximately 4 to 9 pages.
The main text of the work consists of chapters and paragraphs, the number of which is determined by the specifics of the work. The volume of the main text is approximately 80% to 90% of the total work (excluding appendices).
Chapter 1 of the main text usually provides an overview of the sources of relevant domestic and foreign literature with an analysis of the author's concepts on the problem under study. In works representing theoretical research, one should describe the history of the development of the issue, reveal the concept and essence of the phenomenon being studied, consider existing methodological approaches to the analysis of this problem, etc. It is recommended to dwell on the development trends of certain processes and consider debatable issues on the topic. The text of the NKR should not retell the points of view existing in the scientific literature, but testify that its author creatively comprehended and analyzed them. The work should justify why the author adheres to this or that concept and argue for the scientific and practical value of the research results. Here it is necessary to present the characteristics of the object of study, to analyze the collected material within the framework of the chosen topic.
Chapter 2 should describe practical research using certain methods and techniques, the choice of which is justified. Recommendations are given for practical application the results obtained, and their effectiveness is substantiated.
Tables and graphs can be included both in the main part of the work and in appendices (if their volume is large).
Particular importance should be given to references to the scientific sources used. In the theoretical review of Chapter 1, it is permissible to use any number of quotes and text borrowings, subject to a mandatory reference to the source of borrowing, which should be easily verifiable and, as a rule, represent an authoritative scientific world, opinion. All references to sources must be correctly formatted, i.e. in accordance with the rules for creating links. As a rule, these are the initials and surname of the author, the title of the work, the volume number (if any), the city in which the work was published (except for journals), the name of the publishing body, the year (and/or number) of issue, the page from which the information was taken and etc.
Each chapter of the NKR must end with conclusions (at least 1 page). The text of each section of the work should begin on a new sheet.
The conclusion summarizes the solution to the problems that were posed in the scientific qualification work. It should formulate conclusions, provide data on the effectiveness of implementing recommendations or the scientific value of the problems being solved, and indicate prospects for further development of the topic. The conclusion should characterize how the tasks set in the introduction were accomplished. The conclusion must be at least 3 pages long.
The conclusion, along with the introduction, is an indicator of the quality of the dissertation as a qualifying scientific work of the applicant. The conclusion is carefully studied and evaluated by departmental reviewers, official opponents and experts from a leading organization. It is often used to judge the entire work. A typical mistake of many applicants is writing a conclusion in the form of an annotation, where they provide summary work. In fact, the conclusion should contain conclusions and suggestions. From the content of the conclusion it should be clear that the dissertation candidate was able to achieve the stated purpose of the research. Each conclusion or each proposal must reflect either the applicant’s contribution to science or to practice. The bibliography is a section of the work located outside the main content of the dissertation and includes the sources and literature that the author used when studying the topic and writing the scientific qualification work. The dissertation candidate should remember that the list of sources must also include his own works on the topic of the dissertation, to which he must also refer.
16 The bibliographic list must contain at least 180 scientific sources, including at least 30% of periodicals. Mandatory use scientific literature in foreign languages, but in an amount of no more than 10% (if the scientific qualification work is not related to the study of foreign languages or foreign experience). Printed sources of information should make up the majority of the bibliographic list (at least 70%).
Applications may contain: text documents, samples of methods, graphs, diagrams, charts, maps, tables, copies of existing official certificates of implementation.
Applications serve to illustrate or prove certain provisions of the problem under study. Appendices are placed after the bibliography and numbered in order of mention in the text in Arabic numerals with continuous numbering (Appendix 1, Appendix 2...).
The inclusion of applications in the NCR must be appropriate and carry an important semantic load. All applications included in the work must be indicated in the text of the work.
6. Registration of scientific and qualifying work
6.1. General provisions The scientific qualification work is prepared in one copy, bound in a hard cover. Along with the completed text of the work layout, an electronic version is submitted to the graduate school. The electronic version is submitted on disk, on USB storage devices, which are folded into an envelope with the topic of the work written on it, the name of its author, the number of the graduate student’s group, and the date of submission. On USB storage devices, work can only be accepted with the storage device without returning it.
The text of the dissertation must be printed on A4 paper on one side of the sheet with 1.5 line spacing, font – Times New Roman, font size – 12–14 points; margins (mm): top – 20, bottom – 20, right – 10, left – 25. Paragraph indentation is 5 characters.
The numbering of the pages of the dissertation must be continuous; pages are numbered in Arabic numerals; the page number is not indicated on the title page; on the next page put the number 2; illustrations and tables are included in the overall page numbering.
The page serial number is printed in the middle of the top margin of the page.
The volume of the dissertation is up to 150 pages (excluding appendices).
Only chapters and paragraphs and their names are highlighted in bold font. For other emphasis, you can use “italics”.
In dissertation lists, alphabetical order is recommended: as a rule, in alphabetical order by the surnames of the first authors, excluding the second and subsequent ones. Works by the same author are arranged alphabetically by title. If necessary, the alphabetical principle is combined with the chronological one. Sources on foreign language in the list of references they are placed after sources in Russian according to the same principle. If the title in Cyrillic script begins with a word written in Latin (for example, the Latin name of a plant), this source is placed last in a series of works by this author in Cyrillic.
For example, in the text: the data of this study are presented in the work of A.A. Smirnova.
17 If the reference contains information about several sources, groups of information are separated by a semicolon: [Ivanov, 1989; Petrov, 1990].
Bibliographic records are prepared in accordance with the requirements of GOST 7.1 and GOST 7.80.
Example of a list of references:
1. Anurin, V.F. Intelligence and society: Introduction. in the sociology of intelligence [Text]:
Monograph / V.F. Anurin; Nizhegorsk state University named after N.I. Lobachevsky. – N. Novgorod: Publishing house Nizhegorod. University, 1997. – 436 p.
2. Eremchenko, Evgeniy. Ocean - computer clean water[Text] // CNews. – 2006. – April. – P. 80–83.
3. Petrova N.S. Sociocultural development of personality [Text] // Pedagogy. Society.
Right. -2015. - No. 1. – P. 34-41.
4. Novikov, Yu.L. Formation of social activity of adolescents in a small town [Text]: Author's abstract. dis. ...cand. ped. Sci. – M., 2015. – 19 p.
Bibliographic references must contain bibliographic information about another document (its component part or group of documents) cited, considered or mentioned in the text of a document, necessary and sufficient for its identification, search and general characteristics.
Sections and subsections must have headings. Section headings are arranged systematically with the text, subsection headings - from the paragraph. The distance between headings and text should be increased to highlight the heading; headings are not underlined or dotted at the end. Section and subsection headings are numbered in Arabic numerals.
The subsection number consists of the section and subsection numbers separated by a dot.
The work uses general page numbering, including bibliography and appendices.
The first page is the title page, the second is the table of contents (contents) of the work. The introduction, each chapter of the main body of the work, conclusion, bibliography and appendices begin on a new page. Pages are numbered in the center with Arabic numerals. The title page and table of contents (contents) are included in the overall numbering of the work, but page numbers are not placed on them (i.e.
Introduction starts at 3 s.).
Each application should begin on a new sheet, in the upper right corner of which the word (“Appendix”) and a number indicated by an Arabic numeral (without the No. sign) are written, for example, Annex 1.
6.2. The order of presentation of tables, graphic material, calculation formulas The table form is used when presenting digital and verbal information about several objects according to a number of characteristics for better clarity and comparison of indicators.
The table has two levels of division: vertical – columns; horizontal – lines. Columns and rows of the table must have headings expressed by a noun in the nominative case. Subheadings of columns and lines must be grammatically consistent with the headings. In the headings and subheadings of columns and table rows, only generally accepted abbreviations and symbols. Table columns must be numbered if the table is located on more than one page. It is not advisable to tear the table and move part of it to another page (the volume of the table can, if necessary, be reduced by reducing the font to 10 and the spacing to 1.0).
18 Each table must have a title at the top. Title and word "Table"
start with a capital letter. They must have continuous numbering. The No. sign is not used when numbering.
Graphic materials (diagrams, drawings) are placed in the work in order to establish the properties and characteristics of the object or as illustrations for a better understanding of the text.
Graphic material should be located immediately after the text in which it is mentioned for the first time, or on the next page, and, if necessary, in appendices.
Each drawing must have a title at the bottom. Title and word "Drawing"
begin with a capital letter (for example: Figure 1 - Relationship between factor A and neuroticism).
The title is not underlined. The title of the figure is placed below the figure on the left edge of the page.
7. Review of scientific-qualifying work In order to obtain additional objective assessment of the work from specialists in the relevant field, an external (in relation to the graduating department) review of the layout of scientific-qualifying work is carried out.
The composition of reviewers is determined by the graduate school. Experts from state or municipal authorities, the sphere of production, as well as highly qualified teachers from other universities or other departments of the institute (as a rule, working at least 14 categories of the teaching staff wage grid) can be involved as reviewers. One reviewer is assigned for each final qualifying work. The reviewer submits a written review, which he introduces to the graduate student and the supervisor in advance, but no less than one day before the defense of the work.
The review notes:
1. Compliance of the content of the work with the stated topic.
2. The significance of the chosen topic, its relevance.
3. Completeness, depth and features of solving the assigned tasks in the work.
4. Complete use of sources and literature, their reliability, depth of analysis of sources.
5. Literacy in presenting questions, scientific style of work, quality of illustrations.
6. Correspondence of the selected methods and techniques to the object, subject, goals and objectives of the study.
7. Expert assessment of innovations and proposals made in the work; efficiency and novelty of models and projects; originality of creative projects.
8. Validity of the obtained results and conclusions.
9. Theoretical and practical significance of the work.
The review may characterize each section of the final qualifying work, highlighting its positive aspects and disadvantages. In conclusion, the reviewer expresses his point of view about the overall level of the work and gives it a score.
The review signed by the reviewer is submitted to the graduate school along with a layout of the NCR.
If the head of the department, based on the content of the reviews of the head, the reviewer and his own opinion that appeared during the pre-defense, does not consider it possible to admit the graduate student to a scientific report on the NKR, the final decision on admission is made at a meeting of the graduating department with the participation of the scientific advisor and the author of the work.
8. The order of the scientific report The model of the NKR is submitted by the graduate student, in a bound version with an electronic version, to the graduate school a month before the start of the final certification. The specialist registers the date of delivery of the NCR layout in the accounting sheet and, within 3 days from the date of submission of the work, transfers it to the scientific supervisor for writing a review of the NCR layout (the period for writing a review by the scientific supervisor is up to 7 working days). After checking the layout of the NCR, the supervisor submits the NCR with feedback to the graduate school, and the specialist passes it on to two reviewers (the period for writing a review is up to 7 working days).
Making changes to the NCR layout after receiving a review is not allowed.
The scientific supervisor agrees on the date for the pre-defense of the graduate students’ scientific research work with the specialist who draws up the schedule for the state final certification. Pre-defense is carried out no later than 10 (ten) days before the scientific report on the NKR. The graduate student has the right to get acquainted with the supervisor’s review and review of his research work before his defense.
Next, pre-defense of the NKR is carried out. The graduate student introduces the department members to the NCR layout, reviews from the supervisor and reviewer, and answers questions during the discussion. Based on the results of the pre-defense, head. The department, no later than 3 days before the defense, makes a decision on admission to the scientific report and puts a signature on the title page of the work. After making a decision on admission, the head of the graduating department submits a mock-up of the NKR, signed by the graduate student and the supervisor, to the graduate school in charge of this area (specialty) of training, with feedback from the supervisor and reviewer.
Only those graduate students who have fully completed the relevant educational program and do not have academic or financial debt are allowed to submit a scientific report. A NKR model prepared without complying with the requirements of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation is not allowed in a scientific report.
The scientific report is conducted at an open meeting of the State Examination Committee, the composition of which is approved by order of the rector of the institute.
The reporting procedure includes the following steps:
1. Postgraduate student’s report on the main content of the work (up to 15 minutes). The report includes the relevance of the topic, the nature of the study of the problem, the goals and objectives of the study, methods of research and analysis, the results obtained, conclusions and recommendations. The report is presented freely, intelligibly, clearly and illustrated with diagrams and charts. The graduate student has the right to use various types of presentations of the results of his work. The main tables are formatted as handouts, which are issued to each member of the commission.
2. Voice feedback on NKR.
3. The graduate student’s responses to the reviewer’s comments.
4. The graduate student’s answers to questions from committee members. Answers to questions, their completeness and depth influence the assessment of the work; they should be meaningful and concise.
The results of the scientific report are announced to graduate students on the same day after the approval of the protocols by the chairman of the State Examination Committee.
Layouts of the NKR are not returned to graduate students and are stored in the graduate school within the time limits specified by the regulations. Electronic versions of works can be posted in the methodological sections of the institute’s website for the purpose of: a) an example of the completion of final qualifying works by graduate students of the university; b) preventing copying of the content of protected works by subsequent generations of graduate students.
If the assessment of the scientific report is unsatisfactory, the graduate student has the right to defend it again after revision and corrections, not earlier than the next academic year and no more than one (repeated) time.
20 The general results of all scientific reports are summed up by the state examination commission and are subsequently discussed at the graduating departments. Based on the results of the reports, the graduating department can recommend individual works for publication, and research results for the defense of a dissertation in the dissertation council.
9. Criteria for assessing the layout of a scientific qualification work and a scientific report The results of scientific reports are assessed at a closed meeting of the State Examination Committee. The score for each is determined by a majority vote of the commission members.
General evaluation criteria:
1. Structure, content and scope of the NKR:
Compliance of the structure of the NKR with the requirements of these guidelines;
Compliance of the content of the NCR with the given topic;
The volume of the main part of the NKR.
2. Scientific level of work, degree of coverage of the topic, its applied significance:
Relevance of the topic;
Completeness, depth and quality of topic development;
Theoretical and practical significance of the work (the possibility of practical use of the data obtained in the work, recommendations);
3. Independence, research and/or creative approach to developing a research topic:
Implementation of the NKR preparation schedule;
The degree of independence in the implementation of NKR;
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The procedure for conducting state final certification for educational programs of higher education - programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (postgraduate studies), residency programs, assistantship-internship programs
In connection with changes in Federal legislation (in particular, in Federal Law-273 "" dated December 29, 2012) and new educational standards of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science, specific changes are being introduced to the system of postgraduate education in the Russian Federation. According to these changes, postgraduate study becomes from 09/01/2013 educational program, ending with the final state certification and defense of the final qualifying work (hereinafter referred to as the FQR); a series of Orders of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia (for example, dated April 30, 2015 No. 871) establish periods of postgraduate study for a specific specialty. Changes in the terms of study apply to graduate students who entered graduate school from 09/01/2014. Accordingly, graduate students admitted before 09/01/2013 are not subject to changes in the Federal Law “On Education” (in new edition) and under new standards that came into force on September 1, 2014.
Document overview
The procedure for conducting state final certification (FCA) for training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (postgraduate studies), residency and assistantship has been determined.
A student who does not have academic debt and has fully completed the curriculum for the relevant program is allowed to take the test.
Certification is carried out orally or in writing in the form of a state examination, defense of a final qualifying thesis, or a scientific report on the main results of such work (dissertation).
To conduct the State Examination, examination and appeal commissions are created. They are valid for a calendar year.
A person who has not passed the certification may re-pass it no earlier than after a year and no later than after 5 years.
The features of conducting state assessment tests for students with disabilities are determined. disabilities health.
The state final certification of a graduate student provides for defense at the end of the third year final qualifying work(a similar function to a thesis for a specialist or a master’s thesis for a master’s student) and passing state exams. It is important to remember that a graduate student’s final qualifying work is not equivalent to PhD thesis. Upon completion of postgraduate study, the graduate is awarded a qualification.
According to the new standard, writing and defending a candidate's dissertation is not included in the compulsory postgraduate program. However, if during the course of training a graduate student in the humanities has published at least as much and received a high rating from the examination committee for his final qualifying work, the defense of this work may be equated to a candidate's dissertation.
The final qualifying work of a graduate student (hereinafter referred to as the final qualifying work) is an independent and logically completed Scientific research, dedicated to solving an urgent problem that is significant for the relevant branch of knowledge, which sets out scientifically based. technical, technological or other solutions and developments that are essential for the development of science.
The final qualifying work must be written by the graduate student independently, have internal unity, contain new scientific results and provisions put forward for public defense. The solutions proposed by the graduate student must be reasoned and evaluated in comparison with other known solutions.
The main scientific results of the research must be published in peer-reviewed scientific publications and journals. Patents for inventions, certificates for utility models, patents for breeding achievements, certificates for a program for electronic computers, a database, a topology of integrated circuits, registered in the prescribed manner, are considered publications that present the main scientific results of research work.
How to write and submit a VKR
Subjects of final qualifying works should be aimed at justifying effective ways and conditions for solving professional problems specified in the Federal State Educational Standards higher education(level of training of highly qualified personnel) in relevant areas of training.
When choosing a topic for your final qualifying work, you should be guided by the following:
- the topic must be relevant and correspond to the current state and prospects for the development of science, technology and technology; take into account the degree of its development and coverage in the literature;
- be based on research work carried out during postgraduate studies;
- interests and needs of enterprises and organizations on whose materials the work was performed.
The topics of final qualifying works are developed by the graduating department and approved by the Academic Council of the university. The graduate student is given the right to propose his own topic for his final qualifying work, subject to justification of its relevance and feasibility or the availability of an application from an enterprise, organization, or institution. The topic of the final qualifying work can be changed at the request of the graduate student, indicating the reason, in agreement with the graduate student’s supervisor.
The content of a graduate student’s final qualifying work must take into account the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Education (the level of training of highly qualified personnel) and the professional standard (if any) for the professional preparedness of a graduate student and include:
- justification of the relevance of the topic, determined by the needs of theory and practice and the degree of development in scientific and scientific-practical literature;
- presentation of theoretical and practical provisions that reveal the subject of the research and development work;
- contain graphic material (drawings, graphs, etc.) (if necessary);
- conclusions, recommendations and proposals;
- applications (if necessary).
The materials of the final qualifying work must consist of structural elements arranged in the following order:
- title page;
- abstract;
- contents indicating page numbers;
- introduction;
- main part (chapters, paragraphs, paragraphs, subparagraphs);
- conclusions by chapter;
- conclusion;
- list of sources used;
- applications;
- auxiliary signs (optional element).
The abstract as a summary of the content of the final qualifying work includes:
- bibliographic description of the final qualifying work (research topic; information about the volume of text material of the final qualifying work (number of pages); number of illustrations (drawings), tables, appendices, sources used). The bibliographic description of the dissertation is compiled in accordance with GOST 7.1 - 2003;
- list keywords;
- text of the abstract.
The list of keywords characterizes the main content of the final qualifying work and includes up to 10-15 words in the nominative case, written separated by commas on a line in capital letters. A brief description of the work should reflect the topic, object, subject, purpose and objectives of the research, research methods, novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the results obtained, and the provisions submitted for defense.
The introduction contains a clear justification for the relevance of the chosen topic, the degree of development of the research problem, the contradictions that formed the basis this study, definition of the problem, goal, object, subject and objectives of the study, formulation of a hypothesis (if provided for by the type of research), disclosure of methodological and theoretical foundations research, a list of research methods used, indicating the experimental base, the formulation of scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the research; disclosure of provisions submitted for defense, testing and implementation of research results (publications (including in journals from the Higher Attestation Commission list), presentations at conferences, department meetings, etc.).
The main part is devoted to revealing the subject of the study and consists of at least two chapters. At the end of each chapter, it is recommended to draw conclusions, documenting them in a separate paragraph “Conclusions for the chapter...”
Conclusion is a consistent, logically coherent presentation of the results of the study in accordance with the purpose and objectives set and formulated in the introduction. It contains conclusions and determines future prospects for work.
