The term coat of arms is a Polish word (herb), derived from the German Erbe, which means "inheritance". In a broader and more generally accepted sense, a coat of arms means an emblem or a distinctive sign with depicted symbols, objects, animals, plants, etc., which reflect, so to speak, the essence of its owner, which can be an individual person, so is the family clan, class, city, state. As a rule, the coat of arms is passed down from generation to generation, being a universal identifier of its representative.
Basically, the structure of a standard coat of arms (read: modern) consists of such components as a heraldic shield, heraldic helmet, mantle, crest, shield holders, crown, mantle and motto.
In a form close to the current one, coats of arms arose in England and France during the Middle Ages. The first such coat of arms (in the modern sense) is considered to be a shield depicting six golden lions against the background of an azure field. According to the dominant, but controversial, version, this coat of arms was received by the eldest son of the king of Jerusalem, Fulk V Geoffrey V of Anjou, from his father-in-law, King Henry I of England, in 1127 or 1128 in connection with his marriage to the daughter of the English king Matilda.
Coats of arms began to actively spread during times of growth in the production of military weapons and equipment. It is believed that the appearance of the helmet had a primary influence on the popularity of coats of arms. Usually, in those distant times, they tried to design coats of arms, especially military ones, in bright colors.
In addition to the fact that the coat of arms performed an identification function, in military affairs it often served as a kind of psychological factor that frightened the enemy (in this case, dark colors were used with symbols or images of allegorical death, torment, suffering, etc.).
Today, coats of arms are divided into several types: family coats of arms, coats of arms by rank, corporate coats of arms. In turn, each of these categories is systematized according to more specific criteria. For example, family coats of arms are represented by noble, bourgeois, peasant, and civil coats of arms. Coats of arms are divided by rank into large (those that have all the corresponding elements), medium (those that have only the main elements) and small (only a shield or a shield with a crown). Corporate coats of arms include the coats of arms of clubs, schools, military units, organizations, companies, concerns, etc.
We will focus on perhaps the most famous and “large-scale” coats of arms - state ones, which are national symbols of their states, emphasizing the most characteristic features of the national spirit.
Coat of arms Russian Federation
along with the flag and anthem, it is one of the main state symbols. It is a heraldic shield of red color, rectangular in shape, the lower corners of which are rounded and the ends are pointed. It depicts a golden double-headed eagle with spread wings raised upward. On the heads of the eagle there are two crowns, above which, in turn, there is one large crown connected to small ones by a ribbon. The eagle clutches the scepter with its right paw, and the orb with its left. The red shield on the eagle's chest depicts a silver rider on a silver horse, dressed in a blue cloak. The horseman strikes the overturned and defeated black serpent with a silver spear.
The main symbols of the Russian coat of arms are interpreted as follows. Three crowns - sovereignty and unity of the whole, and incl. and all regions and . A scepter with an orb in the paws of an eagle - power and a unified state. The eagle's heads facing in different directions is a connection with the West and East, Europe and Asia. Two heads are the unity of the spiritual and secular. The third crown above the smaller crowns also symbolizes the divine patronage of Russia or the power of God over the state. The horseman slaying the serpent is interpreted in the most in a broad sense like the victory of good over evil. Also depicted in this figure is the Holy Great Martyr George the Victorious, or George the Serpent Fighter, who has been revered in Rus' for a long time (see others). The coat of arms of Russia is mandatory installed in the administration, government institutions and state, official documents and.
Coat of arms of the Republic of Belarus is one of the state symbols of the country. In its modern form, the basis of which, by the way, was the coat of arms Byelorussian SSR, approved on June 7, 1995 following the results of a referendum. Prior to this, the official coat of arms was the Pahonia coat of arms, historically the successor to the coat of arms of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, used since 1991. The current official Belarusian coat of arms is an emblem depicting the green outline of the state border of the republic in a silver field against the background of golden rays rising above the globe sun. Above the field is a five-pointed red star. On the sides the coat of arms is framed by a wreath of golden ears of grain, which are intertwined with clover on the right and flax on the left. On each side, the wreath is surrounded three times with a red-green ribbon, in the middle of which, at the base of the coat of arms, the words “Republic of Belarus” are inscribed in gold (see others).
The coat of arms is a symbol of sovereignty and unity and everything in general, including and all regions and . The country's coat of arms is mandatory installed in the administration, government agencies and state banks of Belarus, official documents and, as well as on banknotes of the country.
National emblem is one of the national symbols of the country. Consists of the Greater and Lesser Coat of Arms. Today, only the Small Coat of Arms, approved on February 19, 1992, is officially used. The Great Coat of Arms is still only a draft law. But both in the Small and in the Large coat of arms, the trident of Prince Vladimir, who baptized Rus', is depicted in the center.
In the Small Coat of Arms, a trident with a thin yellow border is located on a blue shield. According to the Constitution of Ukraine, one more element must be displayed on the Great Coat of Arms - a Cossack with a musket, which is a symbol of the Zaporozhian Army (see others).
The coat of arms is a symbol of sovereignty and unity of all Ukraine as a whole, including and all regions and . The country's coat of arms is mandatory installed in the administration, government agencies and state banks of Ukraine, official documents and, as well as on banknotes of the country.
Coat of arms of the Republic of Latvia is the national symbol of the country. It represents a shield divided into argent, azure and a red background. Against the background of an azure field, a golden rising sun with rays scattering from it is displayed. Against a silver background, there is a red lion looking to the left. And on the red field there is a silver griffin, looking to the right, in whose right paw there is a blade. Above the shield are three golden five-pointed stars located in an arc. The shield is supported on both sides by a red lion and a silver griffin standing on their hind legs. Under their paws are green branches intertwined with ribbon.
In Latvia I use three types of official coat of arms: large, small extended and small coats of arms. In the first case, the emblem “represents” the President, Prime Minister and Seimas, the Prosecutor General’s Office, the Supreme Court, the Bank of Latvia, the country’s embassies and consulates. Small extended coats of arms are used by parliamentary committees and commissions, the cabinet of ministers and institutions under their control. The small coat of arms is used by other government organizations, municipalities, educational institutions (see others). The coat of arms is a symbol of sovereignty and unity and everything in general, including and all regions and . The country's coat of arms must be installed in the administration, government institutions and state banks of Latvia, official documents and, as well as on banknotes of the country.
Coat of arms of the Republic of Lithuania ( )
is a national symbol of the country, having historical “roots” from the time of the coat of arms of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Also known as "The Chase". Approved following the results of a referendum in 1992.
It is a red shield with the image of a silver horseman dressed in armor on a white horse. In his right raised hand the rider clutches a silver sword. On the rider's left shoulder is a blue shield with a gold double cross.
The coat of arms is a symbol of the sovereignty and unity of Lithuanians and all of Lithuania as a whole, including the capital of Lithuania, Vilnius, and all regions and cities of Latvia. The country's coat of arms must be installed in the administration of the President of Latvia, Latvian embassies, state institutions and state banks of Latvia, official documents and maps of Latvia, as well as on the country's banknotes.
Coat of arms of the Republic is the national symbol of the country. Currently, both the large state emblem and the small state emblem of Estonia are used.
On the large coat of arms, against the background of the golden field of the shield, three azure leopards are depicted, which in the process of their procession look at the lion.
This shield is framed by a wreath of two intertwined golden oak branches.
The small coat of arms of Estonia is only a shield.
Coat of arms of the Republic ,
in its modern form, based on the coat of arms of the First Republic of Armenia (1918-1920), is the national symbol of the state. In the center of the shield is the natural symbol of the people - Mount Ararat with Noah's Ark on top, which corresponds to the biblical legend that after the Flood, Noah's Ark ended its journey at this mountain. The shield itself is divided into four parts, symbolizing the four independent Armenian kingdoms: the Bagratids, the Arsacids, the Artashesids and the Rubenids. The lion and eagle supporting the shield are symbols of pride, nobility, wisdom and patience. For many centuries they acted as symbols of royal dynasties. At the bottom of the coat of arms is a broken chain, which symbolizes independence and freedom. The sword means the power and strength of the Armenian people, the ears of wheat - hard work, the branch - the wealth of the cultural and intellectual baggage of the nation. The tricolor ribbon symbolically displays the national Armenian flag (others).
The coat of arms is a symbol of sovereignty and unity of all Armenia as a whole, including and all regions and . The country's coat of arms is mandatory installed in the administration, state institutions and state banks of Armenia, official documents and, as well as on banknotes of the country.
Coat of arms of the Republic is the national symbol of the country. In its central part there are tongues of flame, symbolizing the Land of Fire. Another interpretation of the symbol is the Arabic word “Allah”. The colors of the coat of arms correspond to the colors of the national flag of Azerbaijan. The eight-pointed star on the coat of arms means the eight branches of the Turkic people. At the bottom of the shield is a wreath of wheat ears and oak branches. Ears of wheat are a symbol of fertility and wealth, and oak branches are a symbol of the antiquity of the state. The shield on the coat of arms is interpreted as protection of the state (see others.
The coat of arms is a symbol of sovereignty and unity of all Azerbaijan, incl. and all regions and . The country's coat of arms is mandatory installed in the administration, government institutions and state banks of Azerbaijan, official documents and, as well as on banknotes of the country.
Coat of arms of the Republic is the national symbol of the country and consists of two colors: gold and blue-blue. It represents a blue shield, which depicts the upper vaulted part of the yurt - shanyrak. The sun's rays, which are uyki (supports), “run” from it in all directions. On the sides the coat of arms is framed by the wings of the mythical Tullar horses, and below is the inscription “Kazakhstan”. Shanyrak symbolizes the common Home for all Kazakhs. In a deeper sense, it is the Home of all things in the Universe. At the same time, just as the strength of the shanyrak depends on each of its supports (uyks), the happiness of the people of Kazakhstan depends on the well-being of each resident. The wings of mythical horses mean the dream of every representative of the Kazakh people to build a prosperous, independent, strong state. Also interpreted as a desire for improvement, a desire to live in harmony with society and nature (see others).
The coat of arms is a symbol of sovereignty and unity of all Kazakhstan, incl. and all regions and . The country's coat of arms must be installed in the administration, government institutions and state banks of Kazakhstan, official documents and, as well as on banknotes of the country.
Coat of arms of the Republic is the national symbol of the country. It is a shield with the image of a gyrfalcon with outstretched wings. This image is a symbol of a free and independent state. The emblem also represents the pearl of Kyrgyzstan - the famous Lake Issyk-Kul, which is surrounded by high Ala-Too cliffs. The peaks of the mountains, illuminated by the sun, resemble the national headdress “kalpak”. On the sides the coat of arms is framed with ears of wheat, symbolizing fertility, and at the top there is the inscription “Kyrgyz”, at the bottom - “Republics”.
The coat of arms is a symbol of sovereignty and unity of all Kyrgyzstan incl. and all regions and . The country's coat of arms must be installed in the administration, government agencies and state banks of Kyrgyzstan, official documents and, as well as on banknotes of the country.
Coat of arms of the Republic is the national symbol of the country. It is a shield on which a crown is displayed with seven stars arranged in a semicircle above it. They are in the rays of the ascendant due to snowy mountains sun. On the sides the coat of arms is framed by a wreath consisting of wheat ears on the right, and cotton branches with open bolls on the left. The top of the wreath is bordered by a three-stripe ribbon. At the bottom of the coat of arms there is a book on a stand. Some researchers believe that the three protrusions on the crown depicted on the coat of arms of Tajikistan designate the three regions of the republic, each of which is not yet a state in itself, but united into a single whole (the crown) represents Tajikistan. The crown is also interpreted based on the etymology of the word “taj”, which means the concept of “crown”, as a crowned people. Seven stars is a sacred number that accompanies good luck and happiness. In the folklore of Tajikistan, this number also means perfection. The sun rising from behind the mountains symbolizes the awakening and active development of life, and the ears of wheat symbolize the fertility of the land and the wealth of the people (see others.
The coat of arms is a symbol of sovereignty and unity of Tajikistan as a whole, including and all regions and . The country's coat of arms is mandatory installed in the administration, government institutions and state banks of Tajikistan, official documents and, as well as on banknotes of the country.
Coat of arms of the Republic is the national symbol of the country. In its center is the bird of happiness Khumo, spreading its wings, which symbolizes the happy and free life of the Uzbek people. At the top of the shield there is an octagon, meaning the establishment of Uzbekistan as a state, inside which a crescent moon with a star is displayed. The sun, which, like the Humo bird, occupies most of the coat of arms, is a symbol of the light illuminating the Republic of Uzbekistan. Below the bird are the two largest rivers of the country - Amu Darya and Syr Darya. The ears symbolize bread, and the stalks of cotton with open bolls are the national treasure of the republic. Ears and stalks of cotton woven into one ribbon of the national flag symbolize the unity of the peoples living on the territory of Uzbekistan (see others).
The coat of arms is a symbol of sovereignty and unity of Uzbekistan as a whole, including and all regions and . The country's coat of arms is mandatory to be installed in the administration, government institutions and state banks of Uzbekistan, official documents and, as well as on banknotes of the country.
Modern state emblem ,
approved on October 1, 2004, is the national symbol of the country. The red shield depicts a horseman, the patron saint of Georgia, St. George, who kills a snake with a spear. At the top of the coat of arms is the golden crown of the Georgian royal Bagrationi dynasty. She is held on either side by two golden lions. Under the shield is a ribbon with the inscription “Strength in Unity” (see others).
The coat of arms is a symbol of sovereignty and unity of all Georgia as a whole, including and all regions and . The country's coat of arms must be installed in the administration, state institutions and state banks of Georgia, official documents and, as well as on banknotes of the country.
Coat of arms of the Republic is one of the national symbols of the region. It is a shield divided vertically into two parts, white and green. The golden color is present in the outline of the coat of arms and in the design of its composition. Below is a golden eight-pointed Abkhaz star. In the center of the shield is a figure of a horseman flying on the magical horse Arash, while simultaneously shooting from a bow into the sky. Green color on the coat of arms means youth and life, white - moral purity, spirituality. Small stars on the shield are symbols of the unity of the West and the East (see others).
The coat of arms is a symbol of sovereignty and unity of Dagestan of the Russian Federation and is the national symbol of the region. It is made in the form of a round white shield, in the center of which is a golden eagle. Above it is a golden sun framed by a spiral design. Below are snowy mountain peaks, as well as a plain, the sea and, just below, a handshake. On the sides of the lower part of the round shield is the inscription “Republic of Dagestan”. Moreover, multi-colored ornamental edgings are located nearby: on the right - red, on the left - blue.
The coat of arms is a symbol of the sovereignty and unity of the Avars and all of Dagestan as a whole, including the capital of Dagestan, Makhachkala, and all regions and cities of Dagestan. The country's coat of arms must be installed in the administration of the President of Dagestan, embassies of Dagestan, government institutions and state banks of Dagestan, official documents and maps of Dagestan, as well as on banknotes of the country.
Coat of arms of the Northern Republic is the national symbol of the region. On the red field of the shield there is a golden leopard with black spots walking majestically across the golden land. Seven silver mountains are visible behind the leopard. The leopard against the backdrop of the mountains is a historical symbol (emblem) of Ossetia, which in the Middle Ages was the coat of arms of the Ossetian state and signified, as it does today, the greatness and power of Ossetia. The red color on the modern coat of arms symbolizes courage, right and strength. Gold - supremacy, respect, greatness. Silver color - wisdom, purity, joy.
The coat of arms is a symbol of the sovereignty and unity of the Ossetians and all of North Ossetia as a whole, including the capital of North Ossetia, Vladikavkaz, and all regions and cities of North Ossetia. The country's coat of arms must be installed in the administration of the President of North Ossetia, embassies of North Ossetia, government institutions and state banks of North Ossetia, official documents and maps of North Ossetia, as well as on banknotes of the country.
Coat of arms of the Republic of South Ossetia based on the coat of arms of the Republic of North Ossetia and is the national symbol of the region.
The only difference from the coat of arms of North Ossetia is that, in addition to the already mentioned images and symbols, there is an inscription at the top and bottom of the shield, written in Russian “Republic of South Ossetia” (bottom) and in Ossetian “Republic Khussar Iryston”.
Coat of arms of the Chechen Republic The Russian Federation is one of the national symbols of the region. The modern form of the emblem of the republic was approved on June 22, 2004 by Acting President Sergei Abramov. It is a circle saturated with four colors: blue, yellow, red and white. Inside the white circle is a symbol of Unity, Eternity, made in the form of a national Chechen ornament, painted red. The Waihan tower, oil rig and mountains are painted blue. All this is represented as a square in a circle. The inner circle is framed by yellow ears of wheat on a blue background, which symbolizes the wealth of the Chechen people. At the top above the ears of corn there is a crescent with a star - both figures yellow color on a blue background. The outer circle has a red pattern on a yellow background, representing the national style of ornament. On the outside, the coat of arms is painted blue (see others. The Russian Federation is the national symbol of the region. It is made in the shape of a circle, in the center of which is an eagle with outstretched wings - a symbol of wisdom, fidelity, courage and nobility.
In the center of the coat of arms, a battle tower is depicted vertically against the background of the Caucasus Mountains, personifying ancient and young Ingushetia. To the left of the tower is Table Mountain, to the right is Kazbek. Above the tower and mountains the sun is depicted in the form of a semicircle, from which seven rays radiate downwards.
At the bottom of the coat of arms is a solar sign - a symbol of the perpetual motion of the Sun and Earth. Between the large and small circles there is the inscription “Republic of Ingushetia”, below - “GialgIai Mokhk”.
Coat of arms is the national symbol of the State of Israel. By the way, its modern appearance is the merit of the natives of Latvia, the Shamirov brothers: Gabriel and Maxim, whose project won the corresponding competition in 1948. And already on February 10, the coat of arms was approved as the official state symbol of Israel. It is a blue shield depicting the seven-branched menorah of the Temple of Jerusalem, framed by olive branches acting as a symbol of peace. Under the base of the seven-branched candlestick is the inscription ישראל, which translated means “Israel” (see others).
The coat of arms is a symbol of sovereignty and unity and of all Israel as a whole, including and all regions and . The country's coat of arms must be installed in the administration
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This is a special emblem made in accordance with heraldic canons.
It represents an interconnected system of images and colors, which carries the idea of the integrity of the state and is inextricably linked with its history, traditions and mentality.
The appearance of this official sign is enshrined in the Constitution.
Brief description and meaning of the symbols of the coat of arms of Russia
This state insignia is a red heraldic shield, in the middle of which there is a golden double-headed eagle. The bird holds an orb in its left clawed paw, and a scepter in its right.
On each of the heads there is a crown, and on top there is another one, bigger size. All three royal decorations are connected by a gold ribbon.
In the center of the shield, on the eagle’s chest, there is another red cloth. It depicts a plot familiar to every Russian: St. George the Victorious kills a snake.
There are many icons and paintings illustrating this legend. This is the most recognizable image of the saint. On the emblem he is represented as a silver rider on a silver horse, wearing a blue cloak. A monster under the hooves of a black horse.
How were the symbols on the coat of arms of the Russian Federation formed and what do they mean?
Today heraldry is an auxiliary branch historical science. The emblems of countries, along with annals and chronicles, represent the most important historical evidence.
In Western Europe, during the times of chivalry, every noble family had a symbol that was inherited from generation to generation. It was present on the banners and was a sign of distinction by which a representative of the clan was recognized both on the battlefield and at the feast. In our country, this tradition has not been developed. Russian soldiers carried embroidered images of the great martyrs, Christ or the Virgin Mary into battle. The Russian heraldic sign originates from princely seals.
What do the main elements of the Russian coat of arms mean: St. George the Victorious
On the princely seals there were the patron saints of the rulers and an inscription indicating who owned the symbol of power. Later, a symbolic image of the head began to appear on them and on coins. Usually it was a horseman holding some kind of weapon in his hand. It could be a bow, sword or spear.
Initially, the “rider” (as this image was called) was not a sign only of the Moscow principality, but after the unification of lands around the new capital in the 15th century, it became an official attribute of the Moscow sovereigns. He replaced the lion who defeats the snake.
What is depicted on the state emblem of Russia: a double-headed eagle
It should be noted that this is a popular symbol, which is used as the main one not only by the Russian Federation, but also by Albania, Serbia, and Montenegro. The history of the appearance of one of the main elements of our emblem goes back to the times of the Sumerians. There this ancient kingdom he personified God.
Since antiquity, the eagle has been considered a solar symbol associated with the spiritual principle and liberation from bonds. This element of the Russian coat of arms means courage, pride, desire for victory, royal origin and the greatness of the country. In the Middle Ages it was a symbol of baptism and rebirth, as well as of Christ in his ascension.
IN Ancient Rome the image of a black eagle was used, which had one head. Such a bird was brought as a family image by Sophia Paleologus, the niece of the last Byzantine emperor Constantine, whom Ivan the Terrible’s grandfather, Ivan III, known as Kalita, married. In Russia, the history of the famous double-headed eagle begins during his reign. Together with his marriage, he received the right to this symbol as a state emblem. It confirmed that our country had become the heir of Byzantium and began to claim the right to be a world Orthodox power. Ivan III received the title of Tsar of All Rus', ruler of the entire Orthodox East.
But during the time of Ivan III, the official emblem in the traditional sense still did not exist. The bird was featured on the royal seal. It was very different from the modern one and looked more like a chick. This is symbolic, since Rus' at that time was a young, fledgling country. The eagle's wings and beak were closed, the feathers smoothed.
After the victory over the Tatar-Mongol yoke and the liberation of the country from centuries-old oppression, the wings flutter open, emphasizing the power and might of the Russian state. Under Vasily Ioanovich, the beak also opens, emphasizing the strengthening of the country’s position. At the same time, the eagle developed tongues, which became a sign that the country could stand up for itself. It was at this moment that the monk Philotheus puts forward a theory about Moscow as the third Rome. Spreading wings appeared much later, in the early years of the Romanov dynasty. They showed neighboring hostile states that Russia had perked up and rose from sleep.
The double-headed eagle also appeared on state seal Ivan the Terrible. There were two of them, small and large. The first was attached to the decree. There was a rider on one side and a bird on the other. The king replaced the abstract horseman with a specific saint. St. George the Victorious was considered the patron saint of Moscow. This interpretation would finally be consolidated under Peter I. The second seal was applied and made it necessary to combine two state symbols into one.
This is how a double-headed eagle appeared with a warrior on a horse depicted on its chest. Sometimes the rider was replaced by a unicorn, as a personal sign of the king. He was also Orthodox symbol, taken from the Psalter, like any heraldic sign. Like the hero defeating the snake, the unicorn signified the victory of good over evil, the military valor of the ruler and righteous power states. In addition, this is an image of monastic life, the desire for monasticism and solitude. This is probably why Ivan the Terrible highly valued this symbol and used it along with the traditional “rider”.
What do the elements of the images on the coat of arms of Russia mean: three crowns
One of them also appears under Ivan IV. It was on top and was decorated with an eight-pointed cross as a symbol of faith. The cross has appeared before, between the heads of birds.
During the time of Fyodor Ioanovich, the son of Ivan the Terrible, who was a very religious ruler, it was a symbol of the passion of Christ. Traditionally, the image of a cross on the coat of arms of Russia symbolizes the country's acquisition of ecclesiastical independence, which coincided with the reign of this tsar and the establishment of the patriarchate in Rus' in 1589. The number of crowns varied at different times.
Under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich there were three of them, the ruler explained this by the fact that then the state absorbed three kingdoms: Siberian, Kazan and Astrakhan. The appearance of three crowns was also associated with Orthodox tradition, and was interpreted as a sign of the Holy Trinity.
It is currently known that this symbolism on the coat of arms of the Russian Federation means the unity of three levels of government (state, municipal and regional), or its three branches (legislative, executive and judicial).
Another version suggests that the three crowns mean the brotherhood of Ukraine, Belarus and Russia. The crowns were secured with ribbon already in 2000.
What does the coat of arms of the Russian Federation mean: scepter and orb
They were added at the same time as the crown. In earlier versions, the bird could hold a torch, a laurel wreath, and even a lightning bolt.
Currently, an eagle holding a sword and a wreath is on the banner. The attributes that appeared in the image personified autocracy, absolute monarchy, but also pointed to the independence of the state. After the 1917 revolution, these elements, like the crowns, were removed. The Provisional Government considered them a relic of the past.
Seventeen years ago they were returned and now adorn the modern state insignia. Scientists agree that in modern conditions this symbolism of the coat of arms of Russia means state power and the unity of the state.
What did the coat of arms of the Russian Empire mean under Peter I?
After coming to power, the first Russian emperor decided that the double-headed eagle should not just decorate certain official papers, but also become a full-fledged symbol of the country. He decided that the bird should become black, like the one that was on the banners of the Holy Roman Empire, of which Byzantium was the heir.
On the wings were painted the signs of local large principalities and kingdoms that were part of the country. For example, Kyiv, Novgorod, Kazan. One head looked to the West, the other to the East. The headdress was a large imperial crown, which replaced the royal one and hinted at the specifics of the established power. Russia asserted its independence and freedom of rights. Peter I chose this type of crown several years before he proclaimed the country an Empire and himself emperor.
The Order of St. Andrew the First-Called appeared on the bird's chest.
Until Nicholas I, the official emblem of the country retained the form established by Peter I, undergoing only minor changes.
The meaning of the colors on the coat of arms of Russia
Color, as the brightest and simplest sign, is an important part of any symbolism, including state symbols.
In 2000, it was decided to return the eagle to its golden color. It is a symbol of power, justice, wealth of the country, as well as Orthodox faith and Christian virtues such as humility and mercy. The return to the golden color emphasizes the continuity of traditions and the state’s preservation of historical memory.
The abundance of silver (cloak, spear, horse of St. George the Victorious) indicates purity and nobility, the desire to fight for a righteous cause and truth at any cost.
The red color of the shield speaks of the blood that was shed by the people in defense of their land. It is a sign of courage and love not only for the Motherland, but also for each other, and emphasizes that many fraternal peoples coexist peacefully in Russia.
The snake that the rider kills is painted black. Heraldry experts agree that this symbol on the coat of arms of the Russian Federation means the country’s constancy in trials, as well as memory and grief for the dead.
The meaning of the coat of arms of the Russian Federation
The drawing of the modern state symbol was made by St. Petersburg artist Evgeny Ukhnalev. He left the traditional elements but created a new image. The fact that signs from different eras were included in the final version emphasizes the country's long history. The appearance of this personification state power strictly regulated and described in relevant laws.
The shield is a symbol of the protection of the earth. At the moment, the meaning of the coat of arms of the Russian Federation is interpreted as a fusion of conservatism and progress. The three rows of feathers on the bird's wings refer to the unity of Kindness, Beauty and Truth. The scepter became a sign of state sovereignty. It is interesting that it is decorated with the same double-headed eagle, clutching the same scepter and so on ad infinitum.
Briefly, we can say that the coat of arms of Russia symbolizes eternity and means the unity of all peoples of the Russian Federation. The power acts as an emblem of power and integrity.
We hope our article helped you penetrate the secrets of state symbols. If you are interested in the history of not only your country, but your family, then it’s worth learning about it.
Our specialists have access to rare archival documents, What allow:
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Each city in Russia and even small towns and villages have their own distinctive sign - a coat of arms, which is a kind of painted “passport” of the territory. The word “greb” itself has Polish roots, and translated means “heritage”. Indeed, coats of arms are passed down from generation to generation and are not changed unnecessarily.
The coat of arms eloquently tells the history of the city and reveals its past. However, some coats of arms are puzzling: why exactly THIS is depicted on it? We present to your attention the most unusual and interesting, in our opinion, coats of arms of Russian cities.
Chelyabinsk
Chelyabinsk is the cast iron capital of our homeland. It would seem, what does the camel have to do with it? But it is this handsome two-humped man who is depicted on the city’s coat of arms, and this has its justification. Many centuries ago, the route of “ships of the desert” passed through Chelyabinsk, along which goods from Asia were delivered to the capital and cities of the European part of our country.
Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk region
Everyone is familiar with Malevich’s “Black Square”. But not everyone saw the Black Triangle depicted on the coat of arms of Magnitogorsk. The description of the coat of arms is very laconic: “There is a black pyramid in a silver field.” The image can be interpreted in different ways: it is the tent in which the first builders of the city lived, Magnitnaya Mountain, and a reminder that Magnitogorsk is the center of ferrous metallurgy.
Serpukhov, Moscow region
But in Serpukhov everything is much happier and more cheerful: on the coat of arms of the city there is a handsome peacock with his tail outstretched. In the 18th century, Empress Catherine ordered “all cities to have a coat of arms,” and a small questionnaire was sent to each, where it was necessary to indicate the exclusive and unique feature of the settlement. The answer came from Serpukhov: “in one monastery peacocks will be born...”. As it turned out later, a pair of these strange birds was presented to the Vysotsky Monastery as an offering, from which the entire Serpukhov peacock family descended. However, this insignificant note became the reason for the appearance of a tailed bird on the main symbol of the city.
Shuya, Ivanovo region
The first acquaintance with the Shuya coat of arms can be confusing. What is it: a brick in honor of the builders or a parallelepiped indicating geometry and correct forms? Everything is much simpler - this is a piece of ordinary soap, “meaning the glorious soap factories of the city.” But the current description of the coat of arms is much more prosaic: the piece of soap turned out to be just a “golden bar with three sides.”
Irkutsk
Many coats of arms feature animals, and all of them are easily recognizable. But what kind of animal is on the coat of arms of Irkutsk is difficult to figure out: an African-American tiger with webbed paws and a beaver tail, tightly holding a killed sable in its teeth? Initially, the coat of arms actually depicted a tiger, but it was rarely seen in those places, and the name “tiger” itself did not take root among the Siberians, and the strong striped cat was called “babr.” Over time, officials who did not have any knowledge in the field of exotics confused the bAbra with the bobr and “painted on” the Irkutsk tiger hind legs and a tail like a beaver, and the striped skin was dyed black.
Snezhnogorsk, Murmansk region
Perhaps the cutest thing is the coat of arms of Snezhnogorsk. It depicts a somewhat cartoonish seal as a symbol of the local shipyard with the same name. On the other hand, this coat of arms is a real classic in heraldry: snowflakes directly speak of the name of the city, thereby making the coat of arms “semi-vocal.”
Epifan village, Tula region
By modern standards, the coat of arms of Epifani can be compared to prohibited propaganda: it depicts hemp. Based on the ancient description, on the coat of arms “you can see a field from which three hemp epics grow like a shield.” Naturally, our ancestors had no idea about the intoxicating properties of these “epics”, and hemp was cultivated exclusively for the production of ropes and oil.
Zheleznogorsk, Krasnoyarsk region
A bear tearing apart an atom... It sounds strong and even threatening. However, such a bear is depicted on the coat of arms of Zheleznogorsk. According to the description, it is a symbol of the unity of the forces of nature and human thought.
For the creators of coats of arms, the name of the city often serves as a “clue”. It is not difficult to guess what the coats of arms of the two cities of the Penza region of Verkhniy Lomov and Nizhny Lomov look like.
Now try to imagine for yourself what you would draw on the coat of arms of the city of Dukhovshchina, which is located in the Smolensk region? Naturally, “in an open field there is a rose bush with a pleasant spirit”!
The coat of arms is the business card of any city, its face and, in modern language, a barcode. Some of them are real works of art, while others sometimes look funny and unusual, but this in no way detracts from their importance for residents.
Humanity is structured in such a way that symbolism of various kinds, as well as signs, occupy an important place in the life of mankind from their very appearance. In developing a sense of national unity among citizens, state symbols certainly play an important role. Like any tradition, it does not just develop over centuries and millennia; it requires respect.
The coats of arms of the countries of the world are considered one of the national symbols; the coat of arms is on a par with the anthem, state flag and motto. It has long been believed that the first coats of arms began to appear thousands of years ago, they were considered distinctive marks for their owner and later they began to be passed on to inheritance.
Time passed, society changed and transformed, the institution of power improved and, as a result, for the state itself, the state emblem also became an integral part and main attribute.
https://blogun.ru/coinbciidig.html
The coat of arms and list of coats of arms of world countries with names and photos is clear evidence that in many countries state and national symbols, which did not appear yesterday, have largely remained virtually unchanged until today. Take a look and see for yourself. We will show you all the world's coats of arms with high quality photos. Improve yourself, study the countries of the world and their symbols easily and accessible.
Coats of arms - messengers of the history of the state
what is a coat of arms? A coat of arms is a sign that is passed down from generation to generation and symbolizes its owner, in our situation the country. Basically, the coat of arms consists of helmets, shields, birds (eagles), shield holders and other details.
Having gone through a huge series of wars, social upheavals, revolutions, these state symbols were able to survive and are now included in new Age, pointing to the inextricable connection between generations and time, the powerful historical memory of the nation as a whole and their reverence for their traditions.
Many of the coats of arms shown remained the same as they once were, others suffered certain changes, and others, having disappeared for a while from the world map, were restored (Eastern European countries, for example).
Our resource shows the coats of arms of all countries of the world:
Coats of arms of European countries;
Coats of arms of Asian countries;
Emblems of African countries;
Coats of arms of North American countries;
Coats of arms of countries South America;
Coats of arms of the countries of Australia and Oceania.
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